An observational study in Critical Illness, Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Insufficiency, sponsored by Hospital H+ Queretaro. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-29.
Sponsored by Hospital H+ Queretaro · Observational
The goal of this observational study is to learn whether inhaled sedation is a cost-effective alternative to intravenous propofol in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults admitted to the intensive care unit. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Researchers will compare patients who received inhaled sedation with patients who received intravenous propofol to see if inhaled sedation improves clinical outcomes and reduces overall costs.
Participants will:
Sedation is an essential component of care for critically ill patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU). It helps improve patient comfort, reduce metabolic demand, and facilitate ventilator synchrony. Intravenous propofol is widely used for this purpose because of its rapid onset and titratability, but it may be associated with adverse effects such as hypotension, hyperlipidemia, and propofol infusion syndrome. Inhaled sedation with volatile anesthetic agents has re-emerged as an alternative approach in ICU patients, with potential advantages including lower drug accumulation, rapid pulmonary elimination, and possibly shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay.
This study is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted in the ICU of Hospital H+ Querétaro. It will include adult patients who required at least 24 hours of mechanical ventilation and received either inhaled sedation or continuous intravenous propofol sedation during their ICU stay. Patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, severe traumatic brain injury, transfer to another unit, or less than 24 hours of mechanical ventilation will be excluded.
The primary objective is to compare the total cost of inhaled sedation versus intravenous propofol in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Secondary objectives are to compare duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, adverse events, and indirect costs between the two sedation strategies. The primary outcome is total cost of care, while secondary outcomes include days on mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and adverse events. Additional variables such as age, sex, SOFA score, APACHE II score, and comorbidities will also be collected.
Data will be collected through review of electronic medical records and recorded in a standardized format. Statistical analysis will be performed using STATA. Descriptive statistics will summarize baseline characteristics and outcomes, and inferential analyses will be used to compare groups, with adjustment for relevant covariates when appropriate. The aim of the study is to determine whether inhaled sedation may represent a cost-effective strategy that improves resource use and clinical outcomes in the ICU setting.
Adult critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit at Hospital H+ Querétaro who required invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hours and received either inhaled sedation with isoflurane or continuous intravenous propofol sedation during ICU stay will be selected through retrospective review of electronic medical records
Exclusion Criteria:
This cohort includes adult critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit at Hospital H+ Querétaro who required invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hours and received inhaled sedation as their primary sedation strategy during ICU stay. In the study protocol, inhaled sedation is defined as the use of isoflurane administered through an anesthetic-conserving device. Patients in this cohort will be identified retrospectively through electronic medical record review and will be evaluated for total cost of care, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, adverse events, and relevant clinical covariates including age, sex, SOFA score, APACHE II score, and comorbidities. Patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, severe traumatic brain injury, transfer to another unit, or less than 24 hours of mechanical ventilation will be excluded.
Drug: Isoflurane
This cohort includes adult critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit at Hospital H+ Querétaro who required invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hours and received continuous intravenous propofol as their primary sedation strategy during ICU stay. These patients will also be identified retrospectively through review of electronic medical records and will serve as the comparison group for the cost-effectiveness analysis. Outcomes assessed in this cohort will include total cost of care, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, adverse events, and indirect costs, as well as baseline and clinical covariates such as age, sex, SOFA score, APACHE II score, and comorbidities. The same exclusion criteria will be applied to maintain comparability between cohorts.
Drug: Propofol (Astra-Zeneca)
Isoflurane administered as inhaled sedation through an anesthetic-conserving device in mechanically ventilated critically ill adult patients in the intensive care unit.
Propofol administered as continuous intravenous sedation in mechanically ventilated critically ill adult patients in the intensive care unit.
Total Cost of Care
Time frame: Through ICU discharge, an average of 7 days
No study locations are listed for this record.
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jul 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Hospital H+ Queretaro