ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05245357Updated May 6, 2023

Impact of Foods on Bile Acids, Metabolites, and Inflammation

An interventional study of Lentil and Control in Inflammation, Hypertriglyceridemia and Metabolic Disease, sponsored by Montana State University. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-05-06.

Primary conditionHypertriglyceridemiaRegistry: InflammationReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Inflammation — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Hypertriglyceridemia
Why
  1. Inflammation is a broad heading, used only when no more specific condition is named.
  2. The study's listed conditions name Hypertriglyceridemia.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Montana State University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by May 2024, 2 years 6 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Feb 2022; still recruiting 4 years 8 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
24
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 150 studies in Hypertriglyceridemia with a site in United States — 10 open to participants now, 16 under way, 4 of them phase 3. Hypertriglyceridemia · United States.

Planned enrollment
109th of 145
24 · median 52
Started
2022
with 5 others
No phase
36 of 150
2 open now
Primary completion
2024-05
later than 0 of 15 live
Registered
127th of 150
by date
Lead sponsor
4 of 150
Montana State University

Among the 150 studies in Hypertriglyceridemia with a site in United States, this one is the 109th largest by planned enrollment of the 145 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 6 that started in 2022, is one of 36 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 0 of the 15 other live ones, and was the 127th registered.

Hypertriglyceridemia

324 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypertriglyceridemia; 38 are open to participants now.

Browse Hypertriglyceridemia studies →

Open to participants now

10 of the 150 studies in Hypertriglyceridemia with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

4 more — sign in →

All 10 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 22 Hypertriglyceridemia studies recruiting now, 9 (41%) set no upper age limit and 12 (55%) stop at 75 or younger; 2 take children under 18; 4 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

Was this useful?
Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 150 studies in Hypertriglyceridemia with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Dietary incorporation of pulse crops may be an effective way to lower unhealthy elevations in serum bile acids. These elevations play a direct role in promoting obesity-related diseases estimated to be present in about one third of the US adult population, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. The overarching hypothesis for this study is that pulse consumption increases bile acid secretion and excretion, which will decrease toxicity linked to excess accumulation of bile in the liver, improve metabolism, and lower resulting levels of bile acids in the serum. In direct alignment with the USDA-AFRI Food, Safety, Nutrition, and Health priority to address obesity and related chronic disease with increased fruit and vegetable consumption and also with the American Pulse Association call to investigate the impact of regular pulse consumption on human physical well- being, the long-term research goal of this study is to establish effective and practical therapeutic strategies utilizing dietary incorporation of pulse crops to prevent or reverse obesity driven diseases. The specific objectives in this proposal are to:

  1. determine the impact of acute lentil ingestion on serum postprandial bile acid responses and composition in a human cohort with obesity, and
  2. determine the impact of daily lentil consumption for 12 weeks on serum fasting and postprandial bile acid concentrations and composition in an overweight or obese cohort with elevated postprandial triglycerides.

This proposal is being submitted in response to the American Pulse Association commodity board sponsored topic of investigating the impact pulse crop consumption on health.

Read the detailed description

The approach for Objective 1 is to enroll a population of overweight/obese individuals (n=24) in a two-armed (LENTIL and CONTROL), randomized, crossover trial in which each individual participant serves as his/her own control to compare postprandial serum bile acid responses between isocaloric meals with the same amount of fat with (LENTIL) and without (CONTROL) lentils. Isocaloric meals with the same total fat content in LENTIL and CONTROL study arms will provide the same stimulus to induce increased postprandial serum bile acids. The randomized crossover design with half of the participants starting in the LENTIL arm and the other half starting in the CONTROL arm will eliminate potential order effects. Block randomization with 3 blocks of two equally numbered levels (total of 8 per block) will be created. Having each person serve as their own control in a crossover trial will eliminate the influence of inter-individual variation. The MSU Nutrition Research team has extensive experience with postprandial testing protocols and dietary manipulation and will utilize this experience to perform the proposed protocol with appropriate pre-test standardization, uniformity of meal preparation, precise timing of blood collection, and established procedures for processing and analyzing blood samples. Bile acids, including all primary and secondary forms, will be analyzed from samples collected before the meal and at 30-minute intervals for 4 hours after the meal. Established methods in the MSU Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Mass Spectrometry Facility will be used to compare total and individual bile acids between LENTIL and CONTROL conditions.

The approach for Objective 2 will leverage banked samples from a highly synergistic ongoing clinical trial comparing 12 weeks of daily lentil consumption to control. This study utilizes a randomized, parallel research design to compare the impact of ingesting 140 g of lentils per day to 0 g per day for 12 weeks on serum triglyceride and inflammation responses to a high-fat meal. High fat meals induce the largest serum bile acid responses so the current proposal augments this study by adding assessment of the impact of prolonged lentil consumption on the appearance of bile acids in the systemic circulation under fasting and postprandial conditions. In contrast to Objective 1, which focuses on the acute impact of incorporating lentils into a meal, Objective 2 will measure the impact of adaptations to lentil ingestion that improve enterohepatic function. These changes may be facilitated by changes to the composition of the gut microbiome, enhanced bile acid excretion, or other mechanisms independent of having lentils in the challenge meal. Data from the ongoing trial will be analyzed to determine whether lentils induced changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. This proposal will analyze whether lentil consumption increases excretion of bile acids by analyzing bile acid composition of stool samples collected before and after lentil supplementation. In sum, adding analysis of serum and stool bile acids from samples collected and banked in an ongoing clinical trial, will allow the determination of whether lentil consumption over time improves enterohepatic health in a way that reduces appearance of bile acids in serum and or increases excretion of bile acids.

03

Conditions studied

  • Inflammation
  • Hypertriglyceridemia
  • Metabolic Disease
  • Lipid Metabolism Disorder
  • Hyperlipidemias
  • Bile Acid Malabsorption
04

In context

Hypertriglyceridemia Reclassified

324 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypertriglyceridemia; 38 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 24 is below the median of 66 across 288 interventional studies indexed under Hypertriglyceridemia.

Browse Hypertriglyceridemia studies →

Lead sponsor

Montana State University is the lead sponsor of 42 studies on the registry; 10 are open to participants now.

Compared within Hypertriglyceridemia, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Inflammation. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • 18 - 65 years of age
  • greater than 27 kg/m\^2

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • taking medication that will influence cholesterol, lipids, or inflammation
  • a gallbladder condition or have had the gallbladder removed
  • allergy to wheat, dairy, or legumes
  • pregnant or lactating
  • have been on a ketogenic or paleo diet in the past 6 weeks
  • have been on antibiotics in the past 90 days
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

06

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
24 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Lentil, then Control

    Participants first received a meal with 140 g of lentils in the morning. After a washout period of at least 7 days, they then received a meal with 0 g of lentils in the morning.

    Behavioral: Lentil · Behavioral: Control

  • Experimental
    Control, then Lentil

    Participants first received a meal with 0 g of lentils in the morning. After a washout period of at least 7 days, they then received a meal with 140 g of lentils in the morning.

    Behavioral: Lentil · Behavioral: Control

Interventions

  • BehavioralLentil

    Participants in the lentil arm of the study will consume a meal containing 140 g of lentils for breakfast one morning.

  • BehavioralControl

    Participants in the control arm of the study will consume a meal containing 0 g of lentils for breakfast one morning.

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Postprandial Bile Acid Response to High-Fat Meal

    Area under the curve for bile acid concentration after consuming a meal containing 40g fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Peak Bile Acid Response to High-Fat Meal

    Greatest change in bile acid concentration after consuming a meal containing 40g fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  3. Postprandial Triglyceride Response to High-Fat Meal

    Area under the curve for triglcyerides concentration after consuming a meal containing 40g fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Peak Triglyceride Response to High-Fat Meal

    Greatest change in triglycerides concentration after consuming a meal containing 40g fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  5. Postprandial Serum Inflammatory Cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-(IL)1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23, interferon-gamma, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor; all in pg/ml) Response to High-fat Meal

    Area under the curve for inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-(IL)1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23, interferon-gamma, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor; all in pg/ml) concentrations after consuming a meal containing 40 g of fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  6. Postprandial Serum Metabolite Response (untargeted) to a High-Fat Meal

    Changes in concentrations of metabolites measured with untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) metabolomic analysis after consuming a meal containing 40g of fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  7. Fasting Serum Metabolite Response (untargeted) to a High-Fat Meal

    Changes in concentrations of metabolites measured with untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) metabolomic analysis before consuming a meal containing 40g of fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  8. Gut Microbiome Composition

    Relative abundance of operational taxonomic units of microbes measured from fecal samples

    Time frame: 1 day

Secondary outcomes

  1. Body Composition

    % body fat

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Visceral Adipose Tissue

    Quantity of adipose in liters located within the abdominal compartment

    Time frame: 1 day

  3. Body Mass Index

    kg of body mass per meter of height squared

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Habitual Diet

    Habitual dietary intake from past month reported through a food frequency questionnaire for food, beverage, and supplement intake

    Time frame: 1 month

  5. Acute Diet

    Dietary intake from the last 24-hours, self-reported through a guided online prompt

    Time frame: 1 day

  6. Acute Physical Activity

    Physical activities from the last 24-hours, self-reported through a guided online promoted

    Time frame: 1 day

08

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Nutrition Research Laboratory
    Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
    Recruiting
09

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Feb 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for May 2024, 27 months after the start.

Of 42 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Hypertriglyceridemia, half reached primary completion within 23 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 39. This study's planned 27 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 45 studies reached it within 23 months; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 33.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 31, 2022
First posted
Feb 17, 2022
StartActual
Feb 24, 2022
Primary completionEst.
May 2024
CompletionEst.
May 2024
Last update
May 6, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 6, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05245357
Lead sponsor
Montana State University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 17, 2022
Start date
Feb 24, 2022
Primary completion
May 2024 (estimated)
Completion
May 2024 (estimated)
Last update
May 6, 2023

Study contacts

Mary P Miles, PhD
Contact
mmiles@montana.edu
406-994-6678
Mary P Miles, PhD
principal investigator · Montana State University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Interested in this study?

Eligibility is decided by the study team. Share this record with your doctor or contact the team directly.

Contact study team

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion