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RecruitingNCT04335994ENCHANTUpdated Aug 20, 2026

ENhancing Outcomes in Cognitive Impairment Through Use of Home Sleep ApNea Testing

An interventional study of In-laboratory polysomnography and Home Sleep Apnea Test in Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia, sponsored by Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. Recruiting at 1 site in Canada. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-20.

Sponsored by Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre · Not applicable, Interventional, and Diagnostic

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Sep 2019, registered Mar 2020).
  • Started Sep 2019; still recruiting 7 years 1 month later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
200
Allocation
Randomized
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which causes abnormal pauses in breathing during sleep, is common in patients with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and exacerbates the cognitive deficits seen in these conditions. OSA is typically treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which has been shown to improve cognition in VCI and slow cognitive decline in AD. Despite the need to identify OSA in patients with VCI/AD, these patients often do not undergo testing for OSA. One major barrier is that in-laboratory polysomnography (iPSG), the current standard for diagnosing OSA, is inconvenient for patients with VCI/AD who may be reliant on others for care or require familiar sleep environments. A convenient and cheaper alternative to iPSG is home sleep apnea testing (HSAT), which has been validated against iPSG to diagnose OSA and has proven feasible for use in VCI/AD. Our primary objective is to determine whether the use of HSAT is superior to iPSG in terms of the proportion of patients who complete sleep testing by 6 months post-randomization. We will also investigate cost-effectiveness, patient satisfaction, proportion of patients treated with CPAP, changes in cognition, mood, sleep-related and functional outcomes between HSAT and iPSG at 6 months.

02

Conditions studied

  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Alzheimer Disease
  • Vascular Dementia
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Parkinsons Disease With Dementia
  • Dementia With Lewy Bodies
  • Mixed Dementia

Keywords

  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Cognitive Impairment
  • Home Sleep Apnea Test
  • Screening
03

In context

Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

2,240 studies on the registry are indexed under Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; 475 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 200 is above the median of 52 across 1,472 interventional studies indexed under Sleep Apnea, Obstructive.

Browse Sleep Apnea, Obstructive studies →

Lead sponsor

Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre is the lead sponsor of 584 studies on the registry; 135 are open to participants now.

Of its 6 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 2 (33%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Evidence of cognitive impairment by any one of: (i) (MoCA) score of 13-28, or (ii) Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 18-30, or (iii) Toronto Cognitive Assessment (TorCA) score ≤281.
  • A diagnosis of: (i) Single-domain amnestic or multiple cognitive domain (with one feature being amnestic) Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD); or (ii) Probable AD dementia; or (iii) Possible AD dementia due to limited concomitant cerebrovascular disease; or (iv) Probable Vascular dementia or Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment, as per the 2011 American Heart Association Scientific Statement; or (v) Patients with a suspected neurodegenerative condition known to be associated with non-OSA sleep disorders (e.g. Parkinson's disease-related dementia and dementia with Lewy Bodies); and/or (vi) Mixed disease
  • Have the competency to provide , or the availability of a substitute decision maker/caregiver who can provide consent (if needed).
  • The availability of a caregiver to assist in the completion of HSAT or iPSG, if needed.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Prior diagnosis of OSA within the last 2 years
  • Patients already using CPAP or a dental appliance for previously diagnosed OSA.
  • A known for the use of the HSAT that will be used in this study: (a) Moderate to severe pulmonary disease or congestive heart failure that could compromise the validity of the HSAT results (in users of the ApneaLink); (b) Permanent pacemaker or history of sustained non-sinus cardiac arrhythmia (in users of the WatchPAT).
  • Any medical device that would interfere with the placement of the HSAT
  • Significant physical impairment or language barrier that would restrict the ability to use the HSAT or complete the study assessments.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(3)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

MMSE and MoCA

Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
200 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Standard of Care

    Patients receive standard of care for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea, which is in-laboratory polysomnography.

    Device: In-laboratory polysomnography

  • Experimental
    Home Sleep Apnea Test

    Patients will undergo assessment for obstructive sleep apnea using a home sleep apnea test.

    Device: Home Sleep Apnea Test

Interventions

  • DeviceIn-laboratory polysomnography

    Level 1 in-laboratory polysomnography for the detection of obstructive sleep apnea.

    Also known as: iPSG

  • DeviceHome Sleep Apnea Test

    Use of a home sleep apnea test that records respiratory effort, pulse, oxygen saturation and nasal flow, and reports apneas, hypopneas, flow limitation, snoring and blood oxygen saturation in order to detect obstructive sleep apnea.

    Also known as: HSAT

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Proportion of patients who complete sleep testing

    Proportion of patients who complete sleep testing by 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Proportion of patients diagnosed with OSA and treated using CPAP

    Proportion of patients diagnosed with OSA and treated using CPAP by 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  2. Cognitive Outcomes (as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment)

    Cognitive Outcomes (as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  3. Cognitive Outcomes (as assessed by the Psychomotor Vigilance Task)

    Cognitive Outcomes (as assessed by the Psychomotor Vigilance Task) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  4. Sleep-related quality of life (as assessed by the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire)

    Sleep-related quality of life (as assessed by the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  5. Mood (as assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale)

    Mood (as assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  6. Daytime Sleepiness (as assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale)

    Daytime Sleepiness (as assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  7. Health Related Quality of Life (as assessed by the EQ-5D-5L)

    Health Related Quality of Life (as assessed by the EQ-5D-5L) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  8. Patient satisfaction for each strategy and treatment (as assessed by a Likert scale)

    Patient satisfaction for each strategy and treatment (as assessed by a Likert scale) at 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

  9. Cost to deliver each management strategy and treatment

    Cost to deliver each management strategy and treatment by 6 months

    Time frame: 6 months

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 20, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04335994
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Apr 7, 2020
Start date
Sep 23, 2019
Primary completion
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 20, 2026

Study contacts

Mark I Boulos, MD, MSc
Contact
mark.boulos@sunnybrook.ca
4164804473
Mark I Boulos, MD, MSc
principal investigator · University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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