ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03495986SCIENCEUpdated Dec 22, 2025Results posted

Spinal Cord Injury Exercise and Nutrition Conceptual Engagement

An interventional study of Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry and Diet in Spinal Cord Injuries, Metabolic Syndrome and Dietary Modification, sponsored by University of Miami. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-22.

Sponsored by University of Miami · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
26
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 45 studies in Spinal Cord Injuries by University of Miami — 12 open to participants now, 14 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Spinal Cord Injuries · University of Miami.

Enrollment
19th of 37
26 · median 26
Started
2021
with 1 other
No phase
33 of 45
10 open now
Registered
22nd of 45
by date

Among the 45 studies in Spinal Cord Injuries by University of Miami, this one is the 19th largest by enrollment of the 37 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 2 that started in 2021, is one of 33 with no phase, and was the 22nd registered.

Spinal Cord Injuries

2,025 studies on the registry are indexed under Spinal Cord Injuries; 537 are open to participants now.

Browse Spinal Cord Injuries studies →

Open to participants now

12 of the 45 studies in Spinal Cord Injuries by University of Miami are open now, in 1 country. Recruiting first, the newest first:

7 more — sign in →

By country, each count listing its studies:

All 12 open studies →

Where they have run

Who these studies take

Of the 375 Spinal Cord Injuries studies recruiting now, 166 (44%) set no upper age limit and 158 (42%) stop at 75 or younger; 41 take children under 18; 52 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 45 studies in Spinal Cord Injuries by University of Miami, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Evaluate and compare the health benefits of an at home exercise program using functional electrical stimulation (FES) for lower extremity exercise with diet versus a diet alone group in adults with spinal cord injury.

Read the detailed description

The purpose of this proposal is to evaluate and compare the health benefits of home-based functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry plus diet (HBFESLCE + Diet) to home-based (HB) Diet alone. This is a randomized, baseline-controlled, prospective, interventional trial to assess the impact of a 16-week exercise and/or diet intervention on selected fitness parameters in adults with high SCI. Primary outcome measures will include body composition by iDXA, insulin sensitivity, glucose effectiveness and BMR, while secondary outcomes will include lower extremity BMC and density, lipid profiles, and hsCRP determined before and after the 16-week interventions. Subjects will be randomly assigned to either HBFES LCE + Diet on an RT300 ergometer or Home-based (HB) Diet Alone intervention. Both groups will be routinely monitored via telemedicine while at home.

03

Conditions studied

  • Spinal Cord Injuries
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Dietary Modification
  • Paraplegia
  • Tetraplegia

Keywords

  • Functional Electrical Stimulation
  • Exercise
  • Body Composition
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults 18-65 years of age (inclusive)
  • Sex: male or female
  • Women of who agree to refrain from getting pregnant during the trial
  • C4-T4 motor complete (AIS A\&B) spinal cord injury for duration greater than 12 months
  • \<5% change in body weight over the past 12 months

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  • \<22% body fat
  • Unresponsive to neurostimulation
  • Those who have participated in an FES or ACE exercise program (>60 minutes/week) within the past 3 months
  • Known orthopaedic limitations
  • Coronary artery disease
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus, insulin-requiring Type 2 or untreated diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose>126 or HgbA1c>7.0)
  • Uncompensated Hypothyroidism (Stable on medication >1 year or not on medication)
  • Renal disease
  • Uncontrolled autonomic dysreflexia, recent (within 3 months)
  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Pressure ulcers > Grade II
  • Decisional impairment
  • Any potential causes of autonomic dysreflexia at the discretion of the PI
  • Prisoners
  • Pregnant or nursing women
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
26 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Home-Based Exercise & Diet Group

    16-week home based functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry exercise program and diet intervention

    Device: Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry · Behavioral: Diet

  • Placebo comparator
    Home-Based Diet Alone Group

    Diet intervention

    Behavioral: Diet

Interventions

  • DeviceFunctional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycle Ergometry

    Exercise training will consist of three to five, 40-67 minute sessions (200 minutes at target intensity) each week for a total of 16 weeks at 70% maximal heart rate; 10-minute warm-up and cool-down sessions will accompany each exercise session.

  • BehavioralDiet

    An individualized, detailed dietary plan consistent with My Healthy Plate Dietary Guidelines of America will be followed under supervision of Registered Dietitian with weekly telemedicine conferences and monitored dietary intake via MyFitnessPal.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Percent Body Fat Assessed by DXA at Baseline and 21 Weeks

    Percent body fat will be assessed in percentage using Dual Energy x-ray absorbency (DXA). Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at 21 weeks to evaluate changes in body composition over time.

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  2. Fat Free Mass

    Body composition will be assessed using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), which provides precise measurements of both absolute fat mass (FM) and absolute fat-free mass (FFM) in kilograms. FFM represents a distinct component of total body mass and will be used to evaluate lean tissue (i.e.,FFM) over time.

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  3. Change in Insulin Sensitivity (Si)

    Insulin Sensitivity will be measured using intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT)

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  4. Change in Glucose Effectiveness (Sg)

    Glucose Effectiveness will be measured using IVGTT

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  5. Change in Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

    BMR will be measured by indirect calorimetry

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

    HDL-C will be measured from blood serum samples

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  2. Change in Total Cholesterol : HDL-C Ratio

    Total Cholesterol HDL-C ratio will be calculated from blood serum samples reported as a numeric value, representing the ratio of Total Cholesterol to HDL-C.

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  3. C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP)

    hsCRP will be measured from blood serum samples

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

  4. Lower Extremity Bone Mineral Density (BMD) - Femur

    The changes in Bone Mineral Density will be measured using DXA scan

    Time frame: Baseline, 21 weeks

07

Results

Posted Dec 22, 2025

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Started1313
Completed1012
Not completed31
Withdrew: Physician decision10
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject11
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject10

Outcome measures

PrimaryPercent Body Fat Assessed by DXA at Baseline and 21 Weeks

Percent body fat will be assessed in percentage using Dual Energy x-ray absorbency (DXA). Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at 21 weeks to evaluate changes in body composition over time.

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · % of body fat
Percent Body Fat Assessed by DXA at Baseline and 21 Weeks
% of body fatExercise and DietDiet Only
Baseline26.6 ± 9.025.9 ± 9.6
21 weeks22.0 ± 5.325.6 ± 6.9
PrimaryFat Free Mass

Body composition will be assessed using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), which provides precise measurements of both absolute fat mass (FM) and absolute fat-free mass (FFM) in kilograms. FFM represents a distinct component of total body mass and will be used to evaluate lean tissue (i.e.,FFM) over time.

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · kilograms
Fat Free Mass
kilogramsHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline48.7 ± 8.348.1 ± 6.8
21 weeks48.5 ± 7.149.4 ± 7.7
PrimaryChange in Insulin Sensitivity (Si)

Insulin Sensitivity will be measured using intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT)

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · min^-1/microU/mL^-1) _x10^-4
Change in Insulin Sensitivity (Si)
min^-1/microU/mL^-1) _x10^-4Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline4.1 ± 9.93.2 ± 4.3
21 weeks1.8 ± 1.51.5 ± 1.4
PrimaryChange in Glucose Effectiveness (Sg)

Glucose Effectiveness will be measured using IVGTT

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · glucose clearance per minute (min-¹)
Change in Glucose Effectiveness (Sg)
glucose clearance per minute (min-¹)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline0.027 ± 0.0160.019 ± 0.018
21 weeks0.027 ± 0.0080.015 ± 0.006
PrimaryChange in Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

BMR will be measured by indirect calorimetry

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · kcal/day
Change in Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
kcal/dayHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline1587.4 ± 249.51502.5 ± 234.6
21 weeks1588.8 ± 139.81510.0 ± 178.4
SecondaryHigh Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)

HDL-C will be measured from blood serum samples

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · mg/dl
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)
mg/dlHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline40.4 ± 8.041.5 ± 12.4
21 weeks41.8 ± 7.439.7 ± 10.3
SecondaryChange in Total Cholesterol : HDL-C Ratio

Total Cholesterol HDL-C ratio will be calculated from blood serum samples reported as a numeric value, representing the ratio of Total Cholesterol to HDL-C.

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · ratio
Change in Total Cholesterol : HDL-C Ratio
ratioExercise and DietDiet Only
Baseline4.66 ± 1.663.81 ± 1.30
21 weeks4.53 ± 1.463.95 ± 1.22
SecondaryC-Reactive Protein (hsCRP)

hsCRP will be measured from blood serum samples

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · mg/L
C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP)
mg/LExercise and DietDiet Only
Baseline8.8 ± 12.48.8 ± 10.2
21 weeks2.6 ± 1.35.2 ± 4.0
SecondaryLower Extremity Bone Mineral Density (BMD) - Femur

The changes in Bone Mineral Density will be measured using DXA scan

Time frame:
Baseline, 21 weeks
Reported as:
Mean · g/cm³
Lower Extremity Bone Mineral Density (BMD) - Femur
g/cm³Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Baseline0.8 ± 0.10.7 ± 0.2
21 weeks0.8 ± 0.20.7 ± 0.2

Adverse events

Collected over 6 months. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Home-Based Exercise & Diet Group0/13 (0%)5/13 (38.5%)7/13 (53.8%)
Home-Based Diet Alone Group0/13 (0%)2/13 (15.4%)1/13 (7.7%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 6 of 7
Most frequent serious events
EventHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Heart failureRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/130/13
Urinary tract infection (UTI)Infections and infestations1/131/13
Heterotopic ossificationMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/130/13
Pulmonary embolismCardiac disorders1/130/13
HyponatremiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders1/130/13
Autonomic DysreflexiaNervous system disorders0/131/13
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventHome-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone Group
Skin IrritationSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders7/131/13

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone GroupTotal
<=18 years000
Between 18 and 65 years131326
>=65 years000
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone GroupTotal
Female213
Male111223
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone GroupTotal
Hispanic or Latino7714
Not Hispanic or Latino5611
Unknown or Not Reported101
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone GroupTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native000
Asian000
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander000
Black or African American437
White9918
More than one race000
Unknown or Not Reported011
Injury duration
Injury duration(years)Home-Based Exercise & Diet GroupHome-Based Diet Alone GroupTotal
Mean5.5 ± 5.010.8 ± 8.48.2 ± 6.7
08

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Miami
    Miami, Florida 33136, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jun 2021 to primary completion in Jul 2024, 37 months.

Results were first posted in Dec 2025, 1 year 4 months after primary completion.

Of 790 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Spinal Cord Injuries, half reached primary completion within 37 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 65. This study's 37 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 839 studies reached it within 36 months; a quarter within 17 and three quarters within 64.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 2, 2018
First posted
Apr 12, 2018
StartActual
Jun 10, 2021
Primary completionActual
Jul 24, 2024
CompletionActual
Jul 24, 2024
Results first posted
Dec 22, 2025
Last update
Dec 22, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 22, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03495986
Responsible party
Eduard Tiozzo, PhD (Research Assistant Professor, University of Miami) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 12, 2018
Start date
Jun 10, 2021
Primary completion
Jul 24, 2024
Completion
Jul 24, 2024
Results posted
Dec 22, 2025
Last update
Dec 22, 2025

Study contacts

Eduard Tiozzo, PhD, MSCTI
principal investigator · University of Miami

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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