ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03471520Updated Nov 5, 2021

Earplugs and Eye Masks for Reducing Delirium

An interventional study of Earplugs and eye masks in Delirium and Hospital Acquired Condition, sponsored by Duke University. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 65 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-11-05.

Sponsored by Duke University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
12
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
65 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 262 studies in Delirium with a site in United States — 37 open to participants now, 59 under way, 7 of them phase 3. Delirium · United States.

Enrollment
160th of 193
12 · median 87
Started
2018
with 15 others
No phase
104 of 262
19 open now
Registered
149th of 262
by date
Lead sponsor
6 of 262
Duke University

Among the 262 studies in Delirium with a site in United States, this one is the 160th largest by enrollment of the 193 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 16 that started in 2018, is one of 104 with no phase, and was the 149th registered.

Delirium

933 studies on the registry are indexed under Delirium; 190 are open to participants now.

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Open to participants now

37 of the 262 studies in Delirium with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

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All 37 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 127 Delirium studies recruiting now, 99 (78%) set no upper age limit and 8 (6%) stop at 75 or younger; 8 take children under 18; 15 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 65 Years and older · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

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02

Study summary

There has been some recent evidence to support the use of earplugs and eye masks to prevent delirium, but the existing studies have been small, have not been thoroughly replicated, and have only been conducted with intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Therefore, we propose to conduct a single-arm pilot study for an eventual single-blinded randomized controlled trial designed to assess the efficacy of earplugs and eye masks worn at night for prevention of delirium in a population of general medicine inpatients over the age of 65. The primary outcome will be incidence of delirium as measured by Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). In this pilot study, we will assess feasibility and will not perform any statistical comparisons. In the subsequent randomized controlled trial, we will be comparing the hazard rates on an intention-to-treat basis. Secondary outcomes will be exploratory and include length of stay, cost data, and use of pharmacologic interventions for sleep, delirium, or agitation. There are no physical risks and no cost to the subjects in this study.

03

Conditions studied

  • Delirium
  • Hospital Acquired Condition
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
65 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Admitted to General Medicine (units 8100 and 8300 only) from the Duke University Hospital (DUH) Emergency Department
  • Age >= 65

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Admitted from outside hospitals, clinics (i.e., direct admissions), or transferred from another department
  • Admitted as "observation" (i.e., expected length of stay \< 2 nights)
  • Admitted > 24 hours prior to time of enrollment
  • Non-English-speaking patients will be excluded because a language barrier would introduce inaccuracy into the CAM measurement and for feasibility reasons (e.g., availability of translator services)
  • Blind or deaf patients will be excluded because they are unlikely to benefit from the intervention, but sensory-impaired patients will be included
  • Patients lacking decision-making capacity for whom no Legally Authorized Representative (LAR) is available
  • Primary reason for admission "altered mental status", drug withdrawal, stroke, or seizure
  • Patients for whom a withdrawal pathway has been preemptively initiated based on their substance use history (e.g., the alcohol withdrawal pathway order set or other as needed ("PRN") orders for the indication of withdrawal)
  • Delirium present at time of enrollment
  • Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) \< 10 at time of enrollment
  • Enrolled in this trial during a previous admission (i.e., we will not resample)
  • Enrolled in a separate trial this admission
  • to using earplugs or an eye mask (e.g., facial trauma or other safety concern)
  • Significant fall risk per nursing assessment
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
12 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Earplugs and eye masks

    Behavioral: Earplugs and eye masks

Interventions

  • BehavioralEarplugs and eye masks

    Patients in this study will be given earplugs and eye masks to be worn during sleep

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Incidence of delirium

    Will be assessed using the CAM

    Time frame: The first 5 days of patients' hospitalization

  2. Feasibility as measured by number of patients screened

    Time frame: 5 days

  3. Feasibility as measured by number of patients ineligible

    Time frame: 5 days

  4. Feasibility as measured by number of patients who decline to participate

    Time frame: 5 days

  5. Feasibility as measured by number of patients who dropped out of the study

    Time frame: 5 days

  6. Feasibility as measured by number of patients who wore the earplugs

    Time frame: 5 days

  7. Feasibility as measured by number of patients who wore the eye masks

    Time frame: 5 days

  8. Feasibility as measured by number of CAM assessment days

    Time frame: 5 days

  9. Feasibility as measured by number of patients who successfully completed the study

    Time frame: 5 days

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Duke University Health System
    Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
08

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Aug 2018 to primary completion in Dec 2018, 4 months.

Of 219 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Delirium, half reached primary completion within 26 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 45. This study's 4 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 222 studies reached it within 26 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 45.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 14, 2018
First posted
Mar 20, 2018
StartActual
Aug 6, 2018
Primary completionActual
Dec 8, 2018
CompletionActual
Dec 8, 2018
Last update
Nov 5, 2021
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 5, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03471520
Lead sponsor
Duke University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 20, 2018
Start date
Aug 6, 2018
Primary completion
Dec 8, 2018
Completion
Dec 8, 2018
Last update
Nov 5, 2021

Study contacts

Juliessa Pavon, MD
principal investigator · Duke University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2021. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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