Metabolic Syndrome Associated Diet

Browse trials for

• Metabolic Syndrome 1,963
• Periodontitis 1,634
• Inflammation 3,438

Keywords

• metabolic syndrome
• periodontitis
• diet
• inflammation

Metabolic Syndrome

1,963 studies on the registry are indexed under Metabolic Syndrome; 329 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 100 is below the median of 200 across 458 observational studies indexed under Metabolic Syndrome.

Lead sponsor

Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital is the lead sponsor of 85 studies on the registry; 19 are open to participants now.

Study population

Groups and cohorts

• Patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome

  Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria. Diagnosis is made by meeting three of the following five criteria: waist circumference: ≥ 94 cm in men and ≥ 88 cm in women, blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication, fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL or diagnosed type 2 diabetes, triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, and HDL \< 1.29 mmol/L.

Primary outcomes

1. Dietary Inflammatory Index

   The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) provides a score that measures the potential for a person's diet to cause inflammation in the body. This index is based on the pro- or anti-inflammatory effects of consumed foods and nutrients. Participants' 3-day food intake records will be entered into the system, and average daily energy intake, macronutrients, and micronutrients will be calculated. Based on the food records, average daily intake of 36 nutrients will be determined, and DII scores will be derived from these nutrient parameters. A lower score indicates a more anti-inflammatory diet, while a higher score indicates a more pro-inflammatory diet.

   Time frame: Day 1

Secondary outcomes

1. Clinical Periodontal Parameters (Plaque Index)

   Plaque Index (PI) (Silness and Löe, 1964) This index is used to evaluate the amount of dental plaque accumulation on tooth surfaces. Each tooth's four surfaces (buccal, lingual, mesial, distal) are examined using a probe or visually. Each surface is scored from 0 to 3. The average score is calculated for each tooth. The overall plaque index is obtained by averaging the scores from all examined teeth. Score Description 0 No plaque. 1. No visible plaque, but a slight film of plaque is detected when a probe is run along the gingival margin. 2. Visible plaque along the gingival margin, forming a continuous band. 3. Abundant plaque covering the gingival area and extending toward the middle of the tooth surface, including the interproximal spaces.

   Time frame: Day 1

2. Clinical Periodontal Parameters (Gingival Index)

   The Gingival Index is used to assess the presence and severity of gingival inflammation (gingivitis). Four surfaces of each tooth (buccal, lingual, mesial, distal) are examined visually and with a periodontal probe. The evaluation considers color changes, edema (swelling), tissue consistency, and bleeding on probing. Each surface is scored from 0 to 3. The average score per tooth is calculated, and then the overall average is used to determine the individual's GI score. Score Description 0 Healthy gingiva: normal color and texture, no bleeding 1. Mild inflammation: slight color change and swelling, no bleeding on probing 2. Moderate inflammation: redness, edema, soft tissue, bleeding on probing 3. Severe inflammation: marked redness and swelling, ulceration, possible spontaneous bleeding

   Time frame: Day 1

3. Periodontal Clinical Parametres (Bleeding on Probing Index)

   This index is used to assess the presence and severity of gingival inflammation by observing bleeding after gentle pressure is applied to the gingival sulcus using a periodontal probe. A thin periodontal probe is gently inserted into the gingival sulcus with light pressure (approximately 20-25 grams). Bleeding occurring within 10-30 seconds is observed. Each measurement site is recorded as either "bleeding present" or "bleeding absent." Presence of bleeding is an early and sensitive indicator of gingival inflammation. Score Description: 0 No bleeding 1 Bleeding present (mild or severe)

   Time frame: Day 1

4. Periodontal Clinical Parametres (Probing Pocket Depth)

   Using a Williams periodontal probe, the distance between the gingival margin and the base of the periodontal pocket is measured in millimeters at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, midlingual, and distolingual. All teeth are measured. The values obtained from each site are summed and then divided by the total number of sites measured. This gives the average probing depth for the individual. Measurement Interpretation 1-3 mm Healthy sulcus 4-5 mm Shallow to moderate pocket ≥6 mm Deep periodontal pocket (advanced disease)

   Time frame: Day 1

5. Periodontal Clinical Parametres (Clinical Attachment Loss)

   Using a Williams periodontal probe, the distance between the enamel-cementum junction and the base of the periodontal pocket is measured in millimeters at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, midlingual, and distolingual. All teeth are measured. The values obtained from each site are summed and then divided by the total number of sites measured. This gives the average probing depth for the individual. CAL Value Interpretation 0-1 mm Healthy / minimal loss 2-3 mm Mild attachment loss 4-5 mm Moderate attachment loss ≥6 mm Severe attachment loss

   Time frame: Day 1

Other outcomes

1. Fasting Blood Glucose

   Fasting Blood Glucose: The plasma glucose concentration measured after at least 8 hours of caloric restriction. It is a fundamental biochemical parameter for assessing glycemic status and diagnosing diabetes.

   Time frame: Day 1

2. Glycated Hemoglobin A1c

   HbA1c (Glycated Hemoglobin A1c): A stable complex formed by the non-enzymatic covalent binding of glucose to the β-chain of hemoglobin, reflecting the average blood glucose level over the lifespan of erythrocytes (approximately 120 days). It is considered a gold standard indicator of long-term glycemic control.

   Time frame: Day 1

3. Triglyceride

   Triglyceride: A neutral lipid composed of three fatty acids esterified to a glycerol backbone. It is primarily transported in plasma by VLDL and chylomicrons and serves as a biomarker of dyslipidemia and cardiometabolic risk.

   Time frame: Day 1

4. Waist Circumference

   Waist Circumference: The individual stands upright. A tape measure is taken horizontally at the narrowest point of the waist (usually between the bottom of the ribs and the top of the hipbone). It is expressed in cm.

   Time frame: Day 1

5. High-Density Lipoprotein

   HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Lipoprotein particles of high density that play a central role in reverse cholesterol transport, shuttling cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for excretion. They exhibit anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.

   Time frame: Day 1

6. High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

   hsCRP (High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein): The low-level concentrations of the liver-derived acute-phase reactant CRP, measured by high-sensitivity immunoturbidimetric or nephelometric assays. It serves as a biomarker of subclinical inflammation and cardiovascular risk.

   Time frame: Day 1

7. Weight

   Weight is the gravitational force exerted on an object.

   Time frame: Day 1

8. Height

   Height: a measure of vertical distance, vertical dimension, or vertical position.

   Time frame: Day 1

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No