ClinicalTrials.gg
WithdrawnNCT05583279DBT-A&JJSUpdated Feb 9, 2024

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy in Juvenile Justice

An interventional study of Dialetical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents in Non-Suicidal Self Injury, Suicide and Self-harm, sponsored by The Catholic University of America. Withdrawn at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 10 Years to 21 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-02-09.

Primary conditionSuicideRegistry: Self-Injurious BehaviorReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Self-Injurious Behavior — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Suicide
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Suicide, a narrower term within Self-Injurious Behavior.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by The Catholic University of America · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was withdrawn
We never started the study.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
10 Years to 21 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 386 studies in Suicide with a site in United States — 99 open to participants now, 113 under way, 2 of them phase 3. Suicide · United States.

Enrollment
339th of 348
0 · median 91
Started
2024
with 28 others
No phase
288 of 386
80 open now
Registered
268th of 386
by date

Among the 386 studies in Suicide with a site in United States, this one is the 339th largest by enrollment of the 348 interventional ones, is one of 29 that started in 2024, is one of 288 with no phase, and was the 268th registered.

By phase

386 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phasethis study288 · 80 open
Observational36 · 5 open
Phase 218 · 7 open
Phase 116 · 3 open
Phase 411 · 0 open
Phase 1/27 · 3 open
Phase 2/35 · 1 open
Phase 35 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 1990; this study’s year is marked. 29 started in 2024.

Size and results

Median enrollment 91 across the 348 interventional studies, 172 across the 36 observational. Of the 251 that completed or were terminated, 103 (41%) have results posted.

Was this useful?
Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 386 studies in Suicide with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are a serious public health concern, particularly for youth involved in the juvenile justice system (JJS), which the Georgia State Juvenile Justice System (GAJJS) intends to address by the implementation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) in its JJS facilities. This proposal aims to support and study the GAJJS' pilot implementation of DBT at its facilities using a mixed-methods cross-over design involving a three-phase clinical trial assessing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of DBT-A adapted for youth in the GAJJS. By the end of the proposed project, the investigators will have (1) established a research team to continue researching SITB interventions in the GAJJS, (2) developed protocols for implementing and evaluating DBT-A adapted for the JJS delivered in person and via telehealth, and (3) preliminary data on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of DBT-A adapted for the JJS.

Read the detailed description

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are a serious public health concern across the United States, and youth involved in the juvenile justice system (JJS) are at particularly high-risk for SITBs. As part of the Georgia State Juvenile Justice System (GAJJS)'s decades long collaboration with researchers to reduce the rates of suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among youth under their care, they identified Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) as an ideal intervention to fit their needs and subsequently made plans to pilot an adapted DBT for JJS in a portion of their facilities. DBT is an evidence-based treatment for individuals with complex clinical presentations, which has demonstrated effectiveness at reducing SITBs when adapted for adolescents (DBT-A). Despite its adoption by several JJSs, the effectiveness of DBT-A has yet to be empirically evaluated. A controlled evaluation of DBT-A in JJS is desperately needed to develop a framework for implementation and assess its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness. However, GAJJS does not have the resources or expertise to evaluate the intervention's feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness on their own. Therefore, this project proposes to capitalize on this unique opportunity to investigate the GAJJS's implementation of DBT across eight pilot facilities. The investigators propose a mixed-methods cross-over design involving a three-phase clinical trial aimed at assessing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of DBT-A adapted for youth in the GAJJS. SITB-related outcomes and DBT-A's feasibility and acceptability will be assessed across two different levels of care (i.e., at short- vs. long-term facilities) and service delivery methods (i.e., in-person vs. telehealth). The project will use feedback from stakeholders, collected at multiple timepoints, to design and iterate the adapted DBT-A program to maximize its feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness in the GAJJS. The clinical trial will use administrative clinical, health, and educational data of JJS-involved youth to assess how effective DBT-A is at reducing self-harming behaviors and associated risk factors (i.e., deficits in distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation, and interpersonal skills). By the end of the proposed project, the investigators will have (1) established a research team to continue researching SITB interventions in the GAJJS; (2) developed protocols for implementing and evaluating DBT-A adapted for the JJS delivered in person and via telehealth; and (3) preliminary data on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of DBT-A adapted for the JJS. The investigators will then have the personnel, intervention, and preliminary data to submit an R01 to evaluate the effectiveness of our JJS-adapted DBT-A in a fully powered randomized controlled trial.

03

Conditions studied

  • Non-Suicidal Self Injury
  • Suicide
  • Self-harm
  • Emotion Regulation

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • dialectical behavioral therapy
  • adolescents
  • self-injury
  • suicide
  • juvenile justice
04

In context

Suicide Reclassified

607 studies on the registry are indexed under Suicide; 162 are open to participants now.

Browse Suicide studies →

Lead sponsor

The Catholic University of America is the lead sponsor of 7 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.

Compared within Suicide, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Self-Injurious Behavior. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
10 Years to 21 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • must be in the custody of the GAJJS and placed at one of the eight facilities participating in the study,
  • can speak, read, and understand English well enough to participate in a DBT-A therapy program,
  • there is written informed assent, and
  • verbal parental/guardian or youth advocate has been obtained.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • any youth who are cognitively/decisionally impaired, the GAJJS conducts detailed psycho-diagnostic evaluations on all youth during their intake evaluation - and, part of this evaluation includes a thorough mental status exam, conducted by one of the mental health staff.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

06

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Phase 2

    Cohort 1 and 2 youth will then complete baseline assessments (see 4.5) and Cohort 2 will continue receiving TAU while Cohort 1 begins receiving DBT-A (randomized by facility to either in-person or via telehealth delivery) for the next six months while Cohort 1 staff continue consultation with DBT-A. After six months, Phase 2 of this study will conclude with the youth of Cohorts 1 and 2 completing their first follow-up assessment. The implementation plan will be altered accordingly based on feedback from stakeholders prior to the start of Phase 2. The modified implementation plan will be used in the training of the staff in DBT-A at the second four facilities prior to the launch of Phase 3.

    Behavioral: Dialetical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents

  • Active comparator
    No intervention

    Cohort 2 will not receive any treatment during Phase 2 of the study, which is the first part of the clinical trial. They will serve as a comparison group for Cohort 1.

    Behavioral: Dialetical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents

  • Active comparator
    Phase 3

    Phase 3 will begin with making any modifications to the treatment protocol based on a review of feedback from stakeholder interviews from Phase 2. Cohort 2 facilities will be randomized to delivering DBT-A in-person or via telehealth (one long-term and one short-term facility will be assigned to each condition). Staff in Cohort 2 will receive training and consultation in DBT-A and implement either telehealth or in-person delivered DBT-A in their facilities. Cohort 1 facilities will cross-over from in-person delivery of DBT-A to telehealth delivery, or vice-versa, thereby facilitating a within-facility comparison of DBT-A delivery methods. After six months, Phase 3 will conclude with the youth of Cohorts 1 and 2 completing their second follow-up assessment and all stakeholders of Cohorts 1 and 2 completing stakeholder interviews.

    Behavioral: Dialetical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents

Interventions

  • BehavioralDialetical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents

    DBT is an evidence-based treatment for individuals with complex clinical presentations, including borderline personality disorder (BPD), suicidality, and NSSI. Standard DBT (which includes individual therapy, skills group, between-session skills coaching, and peer consultation for therapists) is associated with symptom reductions in patients across a variety of domains, including BPD symptoms, SA, NSSI, hospitalizations, and social functioning. DBT focuses on teaching skills (e.g., emotion regulation) and facilitating the replacement of impulsive and/or ineffective behaviors (e.g., NSSI), with more effective/skillful behaviors.

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The short form of the self-injurious thoughts and behaviors interview (SITBI)

    Measures changes in suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviors

    Time frame: six months to 12 months for cohort 1, six months for cohort 2

  2. The Life Problems Inventory (LPI)

    Measures the four core treatment components of DBT-A: emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, interpersonal chaos, and confusion about self.

    Time frame: six months to 12 months for cohort 1, six months for cohort 2

  3. The DBT-Ways of Coping Check List (DBT-WCCL)

    Measures the use of DBT skills and dysfunctional, non-DBT coping strategies

    Time frame: six months to 12 months for cohort 1, six months for cohort 2

  4. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II)

    a self-report measure of experiential avoidance

    Time frame: six months to 12 months for cohort 1, six months for cohort 2

08

Study locations

1 site
  • Catholic University
    Washington, District of Columbia 20064, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Ludtke J, In-Albon T, Schmeck K, Plener PL, Fegert JM, Schmid M. Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents Placed in Youth Welfare and Juvenile Justice Group Homes: Associations with Mental Disorders and Suicidality. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2018 Feb;46(2):343-354. doi: 10.1007/s10802-017-0291-8. PubMed 28374220 ↗
  • Abram KM, Choe JY, Washburn JJ, Teplin LA, King DC, Dulcan MK. Suicidal ideation and behaviors among youths in juvenile detention. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;47(3):291-300. doi: 10.1097/CHI.0b013e318160b3ce. PubMed 18216737 ↗
  • Linehan MM. Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Theory and method. Bull Menninger Clin. 1987 May;51(3):261-76. No abstract available. PubMed 3580661 ↗
  • Kothgassner OD, Goreis A, Robinson K, Huscsava MM, Schmahl C, Plener PL. Efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy for adolescent self-harm and suicidal ideation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2021 May;51(7):1057-1067. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721001355. Epub 2021 Apr 20. PubMed 33875025 ↗
  • Moscicki EK. Gender differences in completed and attempted suicides. Ann Epidemiol. 1994 Mar;4(2):152-8. doi: 10.1016/1047-2797(94)90062-0. PubMed 8205283 ↗
  • Clarke S, Allerhand LA, Berk MS. Recent advances in understanding and managing self-harm in adolescents. F1000Res. 2019 Oct 24;8:F1000 Faculty Rev-1794. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.19868.1. eCollection 2019. PubMed 31681470 ↗
  • Cibis A, Mergl R, Bramesfeld A, Althaus D, Niklewski G, Schmidtke A, Hegerl U. Preference of lethal methods is not the only cause for higher suicide rates in males. J Affect Disord. 2012 Jan;136(1-2):9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.032. Epub 2011 Sep 19. PubMed 21937122 ↗
  • Carmel A, Rose ML, Fruzzetti AE. Barriers and solutions to implementing dialectical behavior therapy in a public behavioral health system. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2014 Sep;41(5):608-14. doi: 10.1007/s10488-013-0504-6. PubMed 23754686 ↗
  • Thorpe KE, Zwarenstein M, Oxman AD, Treweek S, Furberg CD, Altman DG, Tunis S, Bergel E, Harvey I, Magid DJ, Chalkidou K. A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 May;62(5):464-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.12.011. PubMed 19348971 ↗
  • Ruch DA, Sheftall AH, Schlagbaum P, Fontanella CA, Campo JV, Bridge JA. Characteristics and Precipitating Circumstances of Suicide Among Incarcerated Youth. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2019 May;58(5):514-524.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.07.911. Epub 2019 Jan 23. PubMed 30768395 ↗
  • Wilkinson PO. Dialectical Behavior Therapy-A Highly Effective Treatment for Some Adolescents Who Self-harm. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018 Aug 1;75(8):786-787. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1079. No abstract available. PubMed 29926089 ↗
  • James AC, Taylor A, Winmill L, Alfoadari K. A Preliminary Community Study of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) with Adolescent Females Demonstrating Persistent, Deliberate Self-Harm (DSH). Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2008 Sep;13(3):148-152. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-3588.2007.00470.x. Epub 2007 Dec 14. PubMed 32847177 ↗
  • McAllister-Williams RH, Young AH. Pindolol augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Br J Psychiatry. 1998 Dec;173:536-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.173.6.536b. No abstract available. PubMed 9926087 ↗
  • DeCou CR, Comtois KA, Landes SJ. Dialectical Behavior Therapy Is Effective for the Treatment of Suicidal Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Behav Ther. 2019 Jan;50(1):60-72. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 22. PubMed 30661567 ↗
  • Lynch TR, Chapman AL, Rosenthal MZ, Kuo JR, Linehan MM. Mechanisms of change in dialectical behavior therapy: theoretical and empirical observations. J Clin Psychol. 2006 Apr;62(4):459-80. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20243. PubMed 16470714 ↗
  • Rathus JH, Miller AL. Dialectical behavior therapy adapted for suicidal adolescents. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2002 Summer;32(2):146-57. doi: 10.1521/suli.32.2.146.24399. PubMed 12079031 ↗
  • Carson-Wong A, Hughes CD, Rizvi SL. The effect of therapist use of validation strategies on change in client emotion in individual dbt treatment sessions. Personal Disord. 2018 Mar;9(2):165-171. doi: 10.1037/per0000229. Epub 2016 Dec 5. PubMed 27918168 ↗
  • Cooperman NA, Rizvi SL, Hughes CD, Williams JM. Field Test of a Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training-Based Intervention for Smoking Cessation and Opioid Relapse Prevention in Methadone Treatment. J Dual Diagn. 2019 Jan-Mar;15(1):67-73. doi: 10.1080/15504263.2018.1548719. Epub 2019 Jan 15. PubMed 30646819 ↗
  • Rizvi SL, Hughes CD, Hittman AD, Vieira Oliveira P. Can Trainees Effectively Deliver Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Individuals With Borderline Personality Disorder? Outcomes From a Training Clinic. J Clin Psychol. 2017 Dec;73(12):1599-1611. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22467. Epub 2017 Feb 21. PubMed 28221671 ↗
  • Pistorello J, Jobes DA, Compton SN, Locey NS, Walloch JC, Gallop R, Au JS, Noose SK, Young M, Johnson J, Dickens Y, Chatham P, Jeffcoat T, Dalto G, Goswami S. Developing Adaptive Treatment Strategies to Address Suicidal Risk in College Students: A Pilot Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Trial (SMART). Arch Suicide Res. 2017 Oct-Dec;22(4):644-664. doi: 10.1080/13811118.2017.1392915. Epub 2018 Feb 12. PubMed 29220633 ↗
  • Andreasson K, Krogh J, Rosenbaum B, Gluud C, Jobes DA, Nordentoft M. The DiaS trial: dialectical behavior therapy versus collaborative assessment and management of suicidality on self-harm in patients with a recent suicide attempt and borderline personality disorder traits - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2014 May 29;15:194. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-194. PubMed 24885904 ↗
  • David Rudd M, Bryan CJ, Jobes DA, Feuerstein S, Conley D. A Standard Protocol for the Clinical Management of Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: Implications for the Suicide Prevention Narrative. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 12;13:929305. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.929305. eCollection 2022. PubMed 35903634 ↗
  • Jobes DA, Chalker SA. One Size Does Not Fit All: A Comprehensive Clinical Approach to Reducing Suicidal Ideation, Attempts, and Deaths. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 26;16(19):3606. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193606. PubMed 31561488 ↗
  • Maclure M, Mittleman MA. Should we use a case-crossover design? Annu Rev Public Health. 2000;21:193-221. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.21.1.193. PubMed 10884952 ↗
  • Chugani CD, Mitchell ME, Botanov Y, Linehan MM. Development and Initial Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Dialectical Behavior Therapy Barriers to Implementation Scale (BTI-S). J Clin Psychol. 2017 Dec;73(12):1704-1716. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22478. Epub 2017 Apr 5. PubMed 28380249 ↗
  • Aarons GA. Mental health provider attitudes toward adoption of evidence-based practice: the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS). Ment Health Serv Res. 2004 Jun;6(2):61-74. doi: 10.1023/b:mhsr.0000024351.12294.65. PubMed 15224451 ↗
  • Devilly GJ, Borkovec TD. Psychometric properties of the credibility/expectancy questionnaire. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2000 Jun;31(2):73-86. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7916(00)00012-4. PubMed 11132119 ↗
  • Dimeff LA, Woodcock EA, Harned MS, Beadnell B. Can dialectical behavior therapy be learned in highly structured learning environments? Results from a randomized controlled dissemination trial. Behav Ther. 2011 Jun;42(2):263-75. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2010.06.004. Epub 2011 Jan 26. PubMed 21496511 ↗
  • Fox KR, Harris JA, Wang SB, Millner AJ, Deming CA, Nock MK. Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview-Revised: Development, reliability, and validity. Psychol Assess. 2020 Jul;32(7):677-689. doi: 10.1037/pas0000819. Epub 2020 Apr 23. PubMed 32324021 ↗
  • Nock MK, Holmberg EB, Photos VI, Michel BD. Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview: development, reliability, and validity in an adolescent sample. Psychol Assess. 2007 Sep;19(3):309-17. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.309. PubMed 17845122 ↗
  • Neacsiu AD, Rizvi SL, Linehan MM. Dialectical behavior therapy skills use as a mediator and outcome of treatment for borderline personality disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2010 Sep;48(9):832-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2010.05.017. Epub 2010 May 23. PubMed 20579633 ↗
  • Harned MS, Korslund KE, Schmidt SC, Gallop RJ. The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Adherence Coding Scale (DBT ACS): Psychometric properties. Psychol Assess. 2021 Jun;33(6):552-561. doi: 10.1037/pas0000999. Epub 2021 Mar 25. PubMed 33764118 ↗

Related links

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — The Catholic University of America is committed to the open and timely dissemination of research outcomes. Investigators in this proposed program recognize that promising new methods, technologies, data, software programs, and insights may arise during the course of their research. All investigators are aware of and agree to abide by the principles for sharing research resources, as described by NIH in, "Principles and Guidelines for Recipients of NIH Research Grants and Contracts on Obtaining and Disseminating Biomedical Research Programs".

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Informed consent form, Clinical study report, Analytic code

Time frame: the data will become available one year after completion of the trial and will be available for three years.

Access criteria: Researchers who work within juvenile justice systems.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Start is estimated for Feb 2024; primary completion for Aug 2026, 30 months later.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 13, 2022
First posted
Oct 17, 2022
StartEst.
Feb 1, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Aug 31, 2026
CompletionEst.
Aug 31, 2026
Last update
Feb 9, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 9, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05583279
Lead sponsor
The Catholic University of America
Collaborators
Butler Hospital
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Oct 17, 2022
Start date
Feb 1, 2024 (estimated)
Primary completion
Aug 31, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 31, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Feb 9, 2024

Study contacts

Melissa D Grady, PhD
principal investigator · Catholic University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is withdrawn, as verified in Feb 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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