ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT05558488Updated Sep 24, 2026

The Effect of a Meatless,Keto Restrictive Diet on Body Composition,Strength Capacity,Oxidative Stress,Immune Response

An interventional study of Meatless, restrictive ketogenic diet in Body Weight, Oxidative Stress and Trimethylamine N-oxide, sponsored by Katarzyna Siedzik. Completed at 1 site in Poland. Open to participants aged 32 Years to 59 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-24.

Primary conditionInsulin ResistanceRegistry: Body WeightReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Body Weight — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Insulin Resistance
Why
  1. Body Weight is a broad heading, used only when no more specific condition is named.
  2. The study's listed conditions name Insulin Resistance.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Katarzyna Siedzik · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 11 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Oct 2019, registered Sep 2022).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
14
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
32 Years to 59 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 27 studies in Insulin Resistance with a site in Poland — 4 open to participants now, 4 under way, none of them phase 3. Insulin Resistance · Poland.

Enrollment
20th of 21
14 · median 78
Started
2019
with 1 other
No phase
12 of 27
none open now
Registered
19th of 27
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 27
Katarzyna Siedzik

Among the 27 studies in Insulin Resistance with a site in Poland, this one is the 20th largest by enrollment of the 21 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 2 that started in 2019, is one of 12 with no phase, and was the 19th registered.

Insulin Resistance

2,969 studies on the registry are indexed under Insulin Resistance; 338 are open to participants now.

Browse Insulin Resistance studies →

Open to participants now

4 of the 27 studies in Insulin Resistance with a site in Poland are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

All 4 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Poland have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Poland →

Who these studies take

Of the 244 Insulin Resistance studies recruiting now, 54 (22%) set no upper age limit and 158 (65%) stop at 75 or younger; 30 take children under 18; 113 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 32 Years to 59 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 27 studies in Insulin Resistance with a site in Poland, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The subject of doctoral dissertation: Assessment of the effects of a meatless, ketogenic restrictive diet on body composition, strength capacity, oxidative stress and immune response

During planning of research and topic of the doctoral dissertation, it was considered how to modify a standard ketogenic diet rich in saturated fatty acids so that the use of this model of nutrition has the most anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it was decided to conduct a research to check whether a diet rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids will show such an effect when following a high-fat diet.

Hypotheses:

1. The ketogenic diet reduces systemic inflammation. 2.The ketogenic diet reduces oxidative stress. 3. The ketogenic diet reduces body fat. 4. A ketogenic diet does not worsen strength performance.

Read the detailed description

a) main research assumption

Reports in the international literature regarding the importance of the ketogenic diet are ambiguous. Some researchers believe that its use reduces body fat and improves insulin sensitivity or lipid profile, while others question this view and question it. Many authors emphasized the need for further research in this area, and this outline of the research project responds to this postulate.

In the presented experiment, the duration of a single experiment was 14 days, because the individual adaptation period of each participant should be taken into account - the so-called "keto-adaptation".

In order to assess the effectiveness of the nutritional intervention in this experiment, the following were performed: blood sampling for the determination of basic parameters (lipid profile, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, diabetic panel, hormones), determination of glucose and ketone bodies (β ketones) in the blood using a strip test - Optium Xido Neo glucometer, determination of the concentration of ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid) and glucose in the urine using Keto-Diastix - a strip test, examination by means of tests - force (maximum isokinetic force test with the use of Biodex apparatus), determination of inflammatory markers (TNF alpha, pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and pro-or anti-inflammatory interleukins depending on the conditions), determination of oxidative stress markers - related to free radical damage to proteins (carbonyl groups, sulfhydryl groups (SH groups)), body composition measurement using the DEXA method (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry). Choosing this method instead of the very common bioimpedance, due to the fact that using densitometry, it obtained very precise results of adipose tissue.

The above-described procedures were used to check the molecular basis of the phenomenon under study, to determine the parameters in which significant changes are visible and to determine the extent to which they translate into the function of the muscle and the subjective feelings of the subject.

Research methodology:

  • body composition (DEXA)- Isometric muscle strength (Biodex)
  • blood tests (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, ketone bodies)
  • inflammatory markers - Luminex method with the use of BioRad BioPlex 200 reader Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Bio-Plex Pro ™ Human Cytokine 8-plex Assay M50000007A, BIO-RAD, USA) (including IFN-y, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-a, IL-2, IL-4)
  • metabolic panel - Luminex method with the use of BioRad BioPlex 200 readerm (Bio-Plex Pro ™ Human Diabetes 10-Plex Assay # M171A7001M, BIO-RAD, USA) (including ghrelin, glucagon, insulin, leptin, resistin)
  • markers of oxidative stress - Colorimetric method; Plate-based colorimetric measurement (360-385 nm) (concentration of protein carbonyl groups: Protein Carbonyl Colorimetric Assay Kit No. 100005020 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA)
  • markers of oxidative stress (concentration of protein thiol groups)
  • TMAO (trimethylamine N-oxide)
03

Conditions studied

  • Body Weight
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Trimethylamine N-oxide
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Glucose Metabolism Disorders
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Insulin Sensitivity
  • Insulin Tolerance
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorder
  • Lipid Metabolism Disorders
  • Body Fat Disorder
  • Ketosis
  • Ketoses, Metabolic
  • Somatic Disorders

Keywords

  • ketogenic diet
  • ketosis
  • oxidative stress
  • immune response
  • insulin resistance
  • body composition
  • strength capacity
  • omega 3 acids
  • meatless diet
04

In context

Insulin Resistance Reclassified

2,969 studies on the registry are indexed under Insulin Resistance; 338 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 14 is below the median of 40 across 2,369 interventional studies indexed under Insulin Resistance.

Browse Insulin Resistance studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Katarzyna Siedzik as lead sponsor.

Compared within Insulin Resistance, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Body Weight. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
32 Years to 59 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • male or female
  • healthy
  • age 32 - 59
  • non-smoker
  • not abusing alcohol
  • not subjected to physical exercise for at least 48 hours before the examination

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • cardiovascular,
  • thyroid disease,
  • gastrointestinal,
  • respiratory
  • or any other metabolic diseases adherence to special diets, use of nutritional supplements and use of medication to control blood lipids or glucose
06

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
14 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Meatless restrictive ketogenic diet

    Diet was designed to be isoproteic (1.6 g x Kg- 1 x body weight- 1 x day-1) with three meals a day., restrictive (EER minus 500 kcal / day). The distribution of macronutrients during the very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was: protein 1.6 g x Kg-1 x body weight- 1 x day-1 (\~ 25-30%), fats (\~ 65-70%, with a strong emphasis on the content of omega 3 fatty acids) and carbohydrate (\< 30 g x day- 1; \< 10%).

    Other: Meatless, restrictive ketogenic diet

Interventions

  • OtherMeatless, restrictive ketogenic diet

    Each participant received a nutritional plan that was the same qualitatively but differed quantitatively - a 500 kcal reduction based on Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) was assumed. Before the start of the study, each participant obtained information about the basic principles of the ketogenic diet. Diet was designed to be isoproteic (1.6gxKg-1xbody weight-1xday-1) with three meals a day. The distribution of macronutrients during the very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) was: protein 1.6 gxKg-1xbody weight-1xday-1(\~25-30%), fats (\~65-70%,with a strong emphasis on the content of omega 3 fatty acids) and carbohydrate (\<30gxday-1;\<10%). The food lists encouraged the consumption of fish,raw and cooked vegetables, eggs,fruits with the lowest glycemic index (blueberry, raspberry), plant oils and fats from avocado,olives.Drinks permitted were tea, coffee without sugar and the foods and drinks to be avoided were alcohol,meat (any kind of meat),bread,pasta,rice,milk,dairy and potatoes.

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Body composition

    Whole body and regional body composition were measured in the morning after a 12 hours overnight fast by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Body Composition: Body Fat Mass, Fat Free Mass, and Visceral Body Fat Body Fat Mass \[Kg\] max 40.143 Kg min 11.129 Kg (higher scores mean a worse outcome) Fat Free Mass \[Kg\] max 68.527 Kg min 37.72 Kg (higher scores mean a better outcome) Visceral Body Fat \[g\] max 2139 g min 90 g (higher scores mean a worse outcome)

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  2. Body weight

    Body weight was measured with an accuracy of 0.1 Kg using an electronic scale (Tanita BC-601, Japan) Body weight (higher scores mean a worse outcome) \[Kg\] max 95.7 Kg min 60.9 Kg

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  3. TMAO

    Trimethylamine N-Oxide (measured by Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw Poland) TMAO \[ng/ml\] (higher scores mean a worse outcome)

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  4. Lipids level (TC, HDL, LDL, TG)

    Level of lipids - (TC- Total Cholesterol, LDL- low-density lipoprotein, HDL- high-density lipoprotein, TG - triacylglycerol) TC \[mg/dl\] (higher scores mean a worse outcome) LDL \[mg/dl\] (higher scores mean a worse outcome) TG \[mg/dl\] (higher scores mean a worse outcome) HDL \[mg/dl\] (higher scores mean a better outcome)

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  5. glucose level (blood, urine)

    glucose level (blood, urine) - measured by Ketodiastix and Optimum Xido Neo higher scores mean a worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  6. ketone bodies (blood, urine)

    ketone bodies (blood, urine) - measured by Ketodiastix and Optimum Xido Neo higher scores mean a better outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  7. inflammatory markers

    inflammatory markers (including IFN-y, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-a, IL-2, IL-4) - Luminex method with the use of BioRad BioPlex 200 reader Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Bio-Plex Pro ™ Human Cytokine 8-plex Assay M50000007A, BIO-RAD, USA) depends - higher scores mean a better or worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  8. markers of oxidative stress 1

    markers of oxidative stress - concentration of protein carbonyl groups - Colorimetric method; Plate-based colorimetric measurement (360-385 nm) (concentration of protein carbonyl groups: Protein Carbonyl Colorimetric Assay Kit No. 100005020 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) higher scores mean a worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  9. markers of oxidative stress 2

    markers of oxidative stress - concentration of protein thiol group higher scores mean a worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  10. metabolic panel - diabetes

    metabolic panel - diabetes (including ghrelin, glucagon, insulin, leptin, resistin) - Luminex method with the use of BioRad BioPlex 200 readerm (Bio-Plex Pro ™ Human Diabetes 10-Plex Assay # M171A7001M, BIO-RAD, USA) depends - higher scores mean a better or worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

  11. somatic disorders

    Somatic disorders measured by questionnaire based on Likert's scale Likert's scale: 1. \- Strongly disagree 2. \- Disagree 3. \- Neither agree nor disagree 4. \- Agree 5. \- Strongly agree It depends on question - higher scores mean a better or worse outcome

    Time frame: 2 weeks

08

Study locations

1 site
  • Poznan University of Physical Education
    Poznan, Greater Poland Voivodeship 61-871, Poland
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Phinney SD. Ketogenic diets and physical performance. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2004 Aug 17;1(1):2. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-1-2. PubMed 15507148 ↗
  • Paoli A, Grimaldi K, Toniolo L, Canato M, Bianco A, Fratter A. Nutrition and acne: therapeutic potential of ketogenic diets. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(3):111-7. doi: 10.1159/000336404. Epub 2012 Feb 11. PubMed 22327146 ↗
  • Paoli A, Rubini A, Volek JS, Grimaldi KA. Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Aug;67(8):789-96. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.116. Epub 2013 Jun 26. PubMed 23801097 ↗
  • Paoli A, Bosco G, Camporesi EM, Mangar D. Ketosis, ketogenic diet and food intake control: a complex relationship. Front Psychol. 2015 Feb 2;6:27. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00027. eCollection 2015. PubMed 25698989 ↗
  • Dashti HM, Mathew TC, Hussein T, Asfar SK, Behbahani A, Khoursheed MA, Al-Sayer HM, Bo-Abbas YY, Al-Zaid NS. Long-term effects of a ketogenic diet in obese patients. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2004 Fall;9(3):200-5. PubMed 19641727 ↗
  • Veech RL. The therapeutic implications of ketone bodies: the effects of ketone bodies in pathological conditions: ketosis, ketogenic diet, redox states, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial metabolism. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2004 Mar;70(3):309-19. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2003.09.007. PubMed 14769489 ↗
  • Balasse EO, Fery F. Ketone body production and disposal: effects of fasting, diabetes, and exercise. Diabetes Metab Rev. 1989 May;5(3):247-70. doi: 10.1002/dmr.5610050304. PubMed 2656155 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Oct 2019 to primary completion in Jun 2021, 20 months.

Of 714 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Insulin Resistance, half reached primary completion within 22 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 41. This study's 20 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 754 studies reached it within 21 months; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 40.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Sep 23, 2022
First posted
Sep 28, 2022
StartActual
Oct 1, 2019
Primary completionActual
Jun 30, 2021
CompletionActual
Oct 31, 2022
Last update
Sep 24, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 24, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05558488
Lead sponsor
Katarzyna Siedzik
Responsible party
Katarzyna Siedzik (Principal Investigator, Poznan University of Physical Education) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Sep 28, 2022
Start date
Oct 1, 2019
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2021
Completion
Oct 31, 2022
Last update
Sep 24, 2026

Study contacts

Katarzyna Siedzik, MSc
principal investigator · Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznan, Poland

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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