A Phase 1/2 interventional study of Cyclophosphamide and Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine in Anatomic Stage III Breast Cancer AJCC v8, Anatomic Stage IIIA Breast Cancer AJCC v8 and Anatomic Stage IIIB Breast Cancer AJCC v8, sponsored by Mayo Clinic. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 16 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-20.
Sponsored by Mayo Clinic · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Treatment
This phase I/II trial tests the safety and tolerability of an experimental personalized vaccine when given by itself and with pembrolizumab in treating patients with solid tumor cancers that have spread to other places in the body (advanced). The experimental vaccine is designed target certain proteins (neoantigens) on individuals' tumor cells. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving the personalized neoantigen peptide-based vaccine with pembrolizumab may be safe and effective in treating patients with advanced solid tumors.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
I. To evaluate the safety of personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab in advanced solid cancers. (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5) II. To evaluate and estimate 24-months event-free survival (EFS) rate per Kaplan-Meier method in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with residual cancer burden-2 and 3 (RCB-2 and RCB-3) after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-based chemotherapy treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 3) III. To evaluate and estimate 24-months event-free survival (DFS) rate per Kaplan-Meier method in stage II/III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after surgery treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 4)
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate and estimate the immunogenicity response rate in patients with advanced solid cancers receiving personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5) II. To obtain preliminary information on the immunogenicity of neoantigen in induction of specific cellular immune responses and humoral immune response.
III. To evaluate and estimate the immunogenicity response rate in TNBC patients with residual cancer burden-2 and 3 (RCB-2 and RCB-3) after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-based chemotherapy treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 3) IV. To evaluate adverse event profile in in TNBC patients with residual cancer burden-2 and 3 (RCB-2 and RCB-3) after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab-based chemotherapy treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 3) V. To evaluate and estimate the vaccine immunogenicity response rate in stage II/III NSCLC patients after surgery treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 4) VI. To evaluate adverse event profile in stage II/III NSCLC patients after surgery treated with neoantigen vaccine in combination with pembrolizumab. (Phase II Cohort 4)
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. To obtain preliminary information on the immunogenicity of neoantigen in induction of specific cellular immune responses and humoral immune response in patients with selected advanced solid tumors. (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5) II. To obtain preliminary estimates of efficacy as measured by objective response rate (ORR based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST]) of personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine and pembrolizumab in patients with selected advanced solid tumors. (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5) III. To obtain preliminary information of immunity persistence, as well as pre-existing immunity in patients with selected advanced solid tumors. (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5) IV. To obtain preliminary information on the immunogenicity of neoantigen in induction of specific cellular immune responses and humoral immune response in Cohort 1 (TNBC patients with RCB-2 and RCB-3) and 2 (stage II/III NSCLC patients) separately. (Phase II) V. To obtain preliminary information of immunity persistence, as well as pre-existing immunity in Cohort 1 (TNBC patients with RCB-2 and RCB-3) and 2 (stage II/III NSCLC patients) separately. (Phase II)
OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of personalized neoantigen vaccine followed by a phase II study. Patients are assigned to 1 of 5 cohorts.
COHORT 1: Patients receive cyclophosphamide intravenously (IV) on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously (SC) on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of cycle 2 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
COHORT 2: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
COHORT 3: Patients with TNBC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
COHORT 4: Patients with NSCLC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PILOT COHORT 5: Patients with ILC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembroblizumab IV on day of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
All patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) throughout the study.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 30 days and then every 3 months up to 2 years from study enrollment.
2,366 studies on the registry are indexed under Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; 677 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 138 is above the median of 100 across 1,738 interventional studies indexed under Uterine Cervical Neoplasms.
Browse Uterine Cervical Neoplasms studies →Mayo Clinic is the lead sponsor of 3,269 studies on the registry; 672 are open to participants now.
Of its 452 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 321 (71%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Inclusion Criteria COHORT 1 and COHORT 2 are no longer enrolling.
PHASE I PRE-REGISTRATION, ALL:
Willing to provide tissue specimens per protocol, or have clinically collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks, or available sequencing data available from commercial or research tests
as defined by (v 1.1) criteria or non-measurable disease
Provide written . For pediatric patients (age 16-17 years):
The following lab values obtained ≤ 28 days prior to pre-registration:
PHASE I REGISTRATION, ALL:
Measurable disease as defined by RECIST (v 1.1) criteria or non-measurable disease
The following lab values obtained ≤ 14 days prior to registration:
Negative pregnancy test ≤ 14 days prior to registration for persons of childbearing potential only
PHASE II PRE-SCREENING COHORT 3 ONLY:
PHASE II PRE-SCREENING COHORT 4 ONLY:
PHASE II PRE-REGISTRATION COHORT 3 (TNBC) ONLY:
PHASE II PRE-REGISTRATION COHORT 4 (NSCLC) ONLY:
PHASE II PRE-REGISTRATION PILOT AND COHORT 5:
Provide written informed consent. For pediatric patients (age 16-17 years):
Willing to proceed with surgery and provide mandatory tissue specimens or previously collected FFPE tissues for complete exome and transcriptome sequencing or available sequencing data available from commercial or research test
Negative pregnancy test done ≤ 7 days prior to pre-registration for persons of childbearing potential only
PHASE II PRE-REGISTRATION COHORT 5 (ILC) ONLY:
Histologically confirmed invasive lobular carcinoma or other histology with lobular features
PHASE II AND PILOT COHORT 5 REGISTRATION:
Exclusion Criteria
ALL PHASES:
Any of the following because study involves agent whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on developing fetus and newborn are unknown:
PHASE I PRE-REGISTRATION:
Uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to:
Other active ≤ 3 years prior to pre-registration
History of active disease (AD) that required systemic treatment in ≤ 30 days (i.e., use of disease modifying agents, > 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent, or other immunosuppressive drugs) prior to pre-registration
Any of the following prior therapies:
Systemic corticosteroids (> 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent) or other immunosuppressive medications ≤ 14 days prior to registration
Patients will also be excluded based on tissue/RNA/DNA quality and quantity. If any of the following quality and quantity thresholds are not met, the patient will be excluded:
Evidence of or central nervous system metastases that are untreated, symptomatic, or require steroids >10 mg daily prednisone equivalent
PHASE II PRE-SCREENING:
Uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to:
Other active malignancy ≤ 3 years prior to pre-screening
Known history of active AD that has required systemic treatment in the ≤ 30 days (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive drugs) prior to pre-screening
PHASE II PRE-REGISTRATION
Uncontrolled illness including, but not limited to:
Other active malignancy ≤ 3 years prior to pre-registration
Known history of active AD that has required systemic treatment in the ≤ 30 days (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids > 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent, or other immunosuppressive drugs) prior to pre-registration
PHASE II REGISTRATION
Any of the following prior therapies:
Received live vaccine ≤ 30 days prior to study treatment
Other inclusion/exclusion criteria as indicated per protocol not listed here due to limitation in number of characters (text) allowed.
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The amount of disease can be tracked with a defined measurement, so the study can see whether it shrinks or grows. It might be a tumour measured on a scan or, in some blood cancers such as myeloma, a marker measured in blood or urine.
The criteria or the study team say which measurement counts — having no tumour visible on a scan does not by itself rule you out.
The standard rules for measuring tumours on CT or MRI scans, to tell whether a cancer is shrinking, stable or growing during treatment.
“Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1” usually means at least one tumour 10 mm or more at its longest on a CT scan, or a lymph node 15 mm or more across its short axis.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.
The US National Cancer Institute’s scale of how severe an adverse event is — any unwanted medical event during a study, such as a symptom, an illness or an abnormal test result, whether or not a treatment caused it. Whether it did is judged separately.
“Side effects of earlier treatment resolved to grade 1 or less” means they have settled to mild or gone.
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.
It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.
Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.
Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.
HER2 is a protein, made from the ERBB2 gene, that drives the growth of some cancers. A study may look for a level of the protein, extra copies of the gene, or a particular change in it.
In breast cancer, protein tests are read as HER2-positive, HER2-low or HER2-negative; other cancers use their own rules. Check which test result the study requires.
Neoadjuvant treatment is given before the main treatment (usually surgery), often to shrink a tumour. Adjuvant treatment is given after it, to lower the chance of the cancer coming back.
The diagnosis was confirmed by looking at a sample under a microscope: tissue from a biopsy or surgery (histology), or cells from a fluid or needle sample (cytology).
Your pathology report is the document that shows this.
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.
Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.
PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.
Cancer that has spread to the leptomeninges, the thin layers covering the brain and spinal cord, and the fluid between them. It is not the same as brain metastases.
Criteria often treat it separately, and many studies leave it out even where treated brain metastases are allowed.
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Measurable disease
The amount of disease can be tracked with a defined measurement, so the study can see whether it shrinks or grows. It might be a tumour measured on a scan or, in some blood cancers such as myeloma, a marker measured in blood or urine.
The criteria or the study team say which measurement counts — having no tumour visible on a scan does not by itself rule you out.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
RECIST
The standard rules for measuring tumours on CT or MRI scans, to tell whether a cancer is shrinking, stable or growing during treatment.
“Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1” usually means at least one tumour 10 mm or more at its longest on a CT scan, or a lymph node 15 mm or more across its short axis.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Childbearing potential
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraception
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ECOG performance status
A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.
Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Life expectancy
The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
CTCAE grade
The US National Cancer Institute’s scale of how severe an adverse event is — any unwanted medical event during a study, such as a symptom, an illness or an abnormal test result, whether or not a treatment caused it. Whether it did is judged separately.
“Side effects of earlier treatment resolved to grade 1 or less” means they have settled to mild or gone.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hemoglobin (Hb)
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.
It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Platelets
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Bilirubin
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ULN (upper limit of normal)
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ALT and AST (liver enzymes)
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Metastases
Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Creatinine clearance (CrCl)
How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
INR, PT and aPTT (clotting tests)
Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.
Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HER2
HER2 is a protein, made from the ERBB2 gene, that drives the growth of some cancers. A study may look for a level of the protein, extra copies of the gene, or a particular change in it.
In breast cancer, protein tests are read as HER2-positive, HER2-low or HER2-negative; other cancers use their own rules. Check which test result the study requires.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Adjuvant and neoadjuvant
Neoadjuvant treatment is given before the main treatment (usually surgery), often to shrink a tumour. Adjuvant treatment is given after it, to lower the chance of the cancer coming back.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Histologically or cytologically confirmed
The diagnosis was confirmed by looking at a sample under a microscope: tissue from a biopsy or surgery (histology), or cells from a fluid or needle sample (cytology).
Your pathology report is the document that shows this.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Investigational drug or device
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
NYHA class (heart failure)
The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.
Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hypersensitivity
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Cancer (malignancy)
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Autoimmune disease
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Corticosteroids (steroids)
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Live vaccines
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
PD-1, PD-L1 and checkpoint inhibitors
PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.
PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Leptomeningeal disease
Cancer that has spread to the leptomeninges, the thin layers covering the brain and spinal cord, and the fluid between them. It is not the same as brain metastases.
Criteria often treat it separately, and many studies leave it out even where treated brain metastases are allowed.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Brain metastases
Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).
Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
NO LONGER ENROLLING Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of cycle 2 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as CT or MRI throughout the study.
Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Biological: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine · Biological: Sargramostim · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Biopsy · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NO LONGER ENROLLING Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as CT or MRI throughout the study.
Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Biological: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine · Biological: Pembrolizumab · Biological: Sargramostim · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Biopsy · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NOT enrolling additional participants. Enrollment status will be updated as more information becomes available. Patients with early-stage TNBC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as CT or MRI throughout the study.
Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Biological: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine · Biological: Pembrolizumab · Biological: Sargramostim · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Biopsy · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NOT enrolling additional participants. Enrollment status will be updated as more information becomes available. Patients with early-stage NSCLC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as CT or MRI throughout the study.
Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Biological: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine · Biological: Pembrolizumab · Biological: Sargramostim · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Biopsy · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Patients with ILC receive cyclophosphamide IV on day -3. Patients then receive personalized neoantigen vaccine with GM-CSF SC on days 1, 4, 8, and 15 of cycle 1 and then on day 1 of cycles 2, 5, and 8. Patients also receive pembroblizumab IV on day of each cycle or as clinically indicated. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All patients may undergo tumor biopsy throughout the study. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection as well as CT or MRI throughout the study.
Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Biological: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine · Biological: Pembrolizumab · Biological: Sargramostim · Procedure: Biospecimen Collection · Procedure: Biopsy · Procedure: Computed Tomography · Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Given IV
Also known as: (-)-Cyclophosphamide, 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate, Carloxan, Ciclofosfamida, Ciclofosfamide, Cicloxal, Clafen, Claphene, CP monohydrate, CTX, CYCLO-cell, Cycloblastin, Cycloblastine, Cyclophospham, Cyclophosphamid monohydrate, Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate, Cyclophosphamidum, Cyclophosphan, Cyclophosphane, Cyclophosphanum, Cyclostin, Cyclostine, Cytophosphan, Cytophosphane, Cytoxan, Fosfaseron, Genoxal, Genuxal, Ledoxina, Mitoxan, Neosar, Revimmune, Syklofosfamid, WR- 138719
Receive personalized neoantigen vaccine SC
Given IV
Also known as: Keytruda, Lambrolizumab, MK-3475, SCH 900475, GME 751, Immunoglobulin G4, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar GME751, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar QL2107, QL2107, Pembrolizumab Biosimilar BCD-201
Given SC
Also known as: 23-L-Leucinecolony-Stimulating Factor 2, DRG-0012, Leukine, Prokine, rhu GM-CFS, Sagramostim, Sargramostatin
Undergo blood sample collection
Also known as: Biological Sample Collection, Biospecimen Collected, Blood Sample Collection, Specimen Collection
Undergo tissue biopsy
Also known as: BIOPSY_TYPE, Bx
Undergo CT
Also known as: CAT, CAT Scan, Computed Axial Tomography (CAT), computerized axial tomography, Computerized axial tomography (procedure), Computerized Tomography, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, CT, CTScan, CT scan, tomography
Undergo MRI
Also known as: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure), Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan, Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MR, MRI, MRI Scan, MRIs, NMR Imaging, NMRI, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, sMRI, Structural MRI
Maximally tolerated dose (MTD) (Phase I, Cohort 1, Cohort 2, and Pilot Cohort 5)
MTD is defined as the dose level below the lowest dose that induces dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in at least one-third of patients (at least 2 of a maximum of 6 new patients). A total of 6 patients treated at the MTD will be sufficient to identify common toxicities at the MTD. For instance, those toxicities with an incidence of at least 25% will be observed with a probability of at least 82% (1-(1-0.25).
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) (Phase I, Cohort 1, Cohort 2, and Pilot Cohort 5)
DLT are defined to be adverse event (AE) occurring from day -3 through day 35 that is possibly, probably, or definitely related to neoantigen peptide vaccine with/without pembrolizumab and fulfills any of the following criteria using the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version (v) 5.0
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Incidence of adverse events (Phase I, Cohort 1, Cohort 2, and Pilot Cohort 5)
The number and severity (grade) of all treatment related adverse events (AEs) will be tabulated and summarized. Non-hematologic AEs will be evaluated via the ordinal CTCAE v5.0 standard AE grading. Hematologic toxicity measures of thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and leukopenia will be assessed using continuous variables as the outcome measures (primarily nadir) as well as categorization via CTCAE v5.0 standard AE grading. Both all grade and grade 3 and above AEs will be described and summarized in a similar fashion. Overall AE incidences as well as AE profiles by dose level and patient will be explored and summarized. Frequency distributions, graphical techniques and other descriptive measures will form the basis of these analyses.
Time frame: Up to 2 years from first vaccine administration
Event free survival (EFS) (Phase II Cohort 3)
EFS is defined as the length of time after primary treatment for a cancer ends until occurrence of complications or events that the treatment was intended to prevent or delay.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Disease-free survival (DFS) (Phase II Cohort 4)
DFS is defined as the length of time after primary treatment for a cancer ends until any signs or symptoms of that cancer recur.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Immunogenicity response rate (Phase I, Cohort 1, Cohort 2, and Pilot Cohort 5)
Will be defined as number of patients who have ≥ 20% of neoantigens formulated into vaccine with at least 3-folds of value increase at any timepoint within 24 weeks, divided by total number of evaluable patients. Evaluable patients are defined as patients who are properly registered and received at least one dose of vaccine.
Time frame: Within 24 weeks
Incidence of adverse events (Phase II)
Will be assessed using CTCAE v5.0. Defined as the proportion of patients experienced at least one grade 3, grade 4, or grade 5 of each type of AE during the protocol defined treatment. The binary endpoints will be estimated, in each cohort (or by dose level. Dose intensity and number of cycles will be summarized by mean, standard deviation, median, Q1, Q3, and range, in each cohort. The maximum grade for each type of adverse events that are possibly, probably, or definitely related to study treatments will be recorded for each patient. The frequency tables will be reviewed to determine the patterns.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Immunogenicity response rate (Phase II)
Will be defined as number of patients who have ≥ 20% of neoantigens formulated into vaccine with at least 3-folds of value increase at any timepoint within 24 weeks, divided by total number of evaluable patients. Evaluable patients are defined as patients who are properly registered and received at least one dose of vaccine.
Time frame: Within 24 weeks
Objective response rate (Phase I and Pilot Cohort 5)
Will be defined as number of patients who achieve complete response or partial response per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria version 1.1, confirmed based on at least two consecutive evaluations with 6 weeks apart or at the next re-staging computed tomography scan determined by treating physician, divided by total number of evaluable patients.
Time frame: Within 12 weeks
Persistence Immunogenicity response rate (Phase I and Phase II)
Will be defined as number of patients who have as at least 3-folds of value increase of any neoantigen from baseline at 12 months among neoantigens that had been detected with at least 3-folds of value increase within 24 weeks from baseline, divided by total number of evaluable patients.
Time frame: Within 24 weeks from baseline
Pre-existing Immunity (Phase I and Phase II)
Will be defined as number of patients with mean antigen-specific T cell frequency is statistically higher (P\<0.05) from no antigen wells at baseline, divided by total number of evaluable patients.
Time frame: Within 24 weeks from baseline
Started Mar 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Mar 2028, 72 months after the start.
Of 81 phase 1/2 interventional studies under Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, half reached primary completion within 62 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 36 and three quarters within 75. This study's planned 72 months is above that.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
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Studies of the drug tested here: Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine