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CompletedNCT04771923TAVAUpdated Feb 24, 2022

Tranexamic Acid Versus Adrenaline for Controlling Iatrogenic Endobronchial Bleeding

An interventional study of Tranexamic acid and Adrenaline in Bleeding and Hemoptysis, sponsored by Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb. Completed at 1 site in Croatia. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-02-24.

Primary conditionHemoptysisRegistry: HemorrhageReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Hemorrhage — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Hemoptysis
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Hemoptysis, a narrower term within Hemorrhage.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
130
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Endobronchial bleeding is a relatively common complication of diagnostic bronchoscopy. Both tranexamic acid and adrenaline are used topically for the control of endobronchial bleeding. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of tranexamic acid with adrenaline in controlling iatrogenic endobronchial bleeding after diagnostic bronchoscopy.

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Conditions studied

  • Bleeding
  • Hemoptysis

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Keywords

  • Bronchoscopy
  • Tranexamic acid
  • Adrenaline
03

In context

Hemoptysis Reclassified

37 studies on the registry are indexed under Hemoptysis; 6 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 130 is above the median of 73 across 20 interventional studies indexed under Hemoptysis.

Browse Hemoptysis studies →

Lead sponsor

Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb is the lead sponsor of 32 studies on the registry; 8 are open to participants now.

Compared within Hemoptysis, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Hemorrhage. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • patients with endobronchial bleeding during diagnostic bronchoscopy that was not successfully controlled with cold (4°C) normal saline (3 aliquots of 5ml during 60sec)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any patient with a for diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy
  • Coagulopathy (PV >1.3)
  • Thrombocytopenia (\<50x10\^9) or anemia (hgb \<80 g/L)
  • Direct oral anticoagulant, low molecular weight heparin or antiplatelet drug therapy
  • Thrombophilia, history of pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis
  • Contraindication for endobronchial application of adrenaline
  • Coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, history of tachyarrhythmia
  • Uncontrolled pulmonary hypertension
  • Cardiovascular decompensation
  • Severe hypoxia (PaO2 \<60mmHg, SaO2 \<90% with an FiO2 >=60%)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

INR, PT and aPTT (clotting tests)

Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.

Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.

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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Care provider)
Enrollment
130 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Tranexamic acid

    Drug: Tranexamic acid

  • Experimental
    Adrenaline

    Drug: Adrenaline

Interventions

  • Topical instillation of tranexamic acid up to 3x. If bleeding is not controlled patients crossover to adrenaline.

  • Topical instillation of adrenaline up to 3x. If bleeding is not controlled patients crossover to tranexamic acid.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Percentage (%) of successfully controlled iatrogenic endobronchial bleeding in each arm

    Bleeding control is assessed by the bronchoscopist by visual confirmation of clot formation.

    Time frame: Until the end of the individual procedure (bronchoscopy), up to 1 minute after each drug application.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number (N) of tranexamic acid/adrenaline applications necessary to control endobronchial bleeding

    Bleeding control is assessed by the bronchoscopist by visual confirmation of clot formation.

    Time frame: Until the end of the individual procedure (bronchoscopy), up to 1 minute after each drug application..

  2. Number (N) of recurrent bleeding episodes after instillation of tranexamic acid/adrenaline

    Recurrent bleeding episodes and hemoptysis requiring medical and/or bronchoscopic intervention.

    Time frame: During the first 24 hours immediately after the individual procedure (bronchoscopy).

  3. Percentage (%) of successfully controlled iatrogenic endobronchial bleeding in each arm in relation to the severity of bleeding.

    As assessed by the bronchoscopist by visual analogue scale (VAS) 1-10 (1 very mild - 10 very severe).

    Time frame: Until the end of the individual procedure (bronchoscopy), up to 1 minute after each drug application..

  4. Percentage (%) of successfully controlled iatrogenic endobronchial bleeding in each arm

    In different indications and methods (transbronchial lung biopsy, endobronchial biopsy, transbronchial needle aspiration, bronchial brushing).

    Time frame: Until the end of the individual procedure (bronchoscopy), up to 1 minute after each drug application.

  5. To compare number (N) of adverse events in each arm

    Time frame: During and up to 1 month after the procedure (bronchoscopy).

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb
    Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Badovinac S, Glodic G, Sabol I, Dzubur F, Makek MJ, Baricevic D, Korsic M, Popovic F, Srdic D, Samarzija M. Tranexamic Acid vs Adrenaline for Controlling Iatrogenic Bleeding During Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Chest. 2023 Apr;163(4):985-993. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.10.013. Epub 2022 Oct 21. PubMed 36273651 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 24, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04771923
Lead sponsor
Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb
Responsible party
Goran Glodić (MD, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb) — Principal investigator
First posted
Feb 25, 2021
Start date
Feb 22, 2021
Primary completion
Feb 4, 2022
Completion
Feb 4, 2022
Last update
Feb 24, 2022

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Studies of the drugs tested here: Tranexamic Acid · Epinephrine

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