ClinicalTrials.gg
WithdrawnNCT03446807Updated Mar 2, 2022

Safety and Efficacy of Droxidopa for Fatigue in Patients With Parkinsonism

A Phase 2 interventional study of Droxidopa and Placebo Oral Tablet in Parkinson Disease, Multiple System Atrophy and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, sponsored by Loma Linda University. Withdrawn at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 50 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-03-02.

Sponsored by Loma Linda University · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was withdrawn
Sponsor Decision to terminate
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
50 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 14 studies testing droxidopa in Parkinson Disease — none open to participants now, none under way, none of them phase 3. Droxidopa · Parkinson Disease.

Enrollment
14th of 14
0 · median 19
Started
2021
the only one that year
Phase 2
4 of 14
none open now
Registered
12th of 14
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 14
Loma Linda University

Among the 14 studies testing droxidopa in Parkinson Disease, this one is the 14th largest by enrollment, is the only one that started in 2021, is one of 4 in phase 2, and was the 12th registered.

Parkinson Disease

4,573 studies on the registry are indexed under Parkinson Disease; 1,086 are open to participants now.

Browse Parkinson Disease studies →

Open to participants now

None of the 14 studies testing droxidopa in Parkinson Disease is open now. The open studies under Parkinson Disease, anywhere →

Where they have run

About droxidopa

Droxidopa: first FDA approval 2014 (NORTHERA). What it is approved for, and how studies give it, is on its page →

Who these studies take

Of the 748 Parkinson Disease studies recruiting now, 311 (42%) set no upper age limit and 127 (17%) stop at 75 or younger; 63 take children under 18; 189 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 50 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Download CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: the 14 studies testing droxidopa in Parkinson Disease as a file.
02

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of Droxidopa for the treatment of fatigue in patients with Parkinsonism by the Visual Analog Fatigue Scale (VAFS). This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial for 3 months where half the subjects will receive placebo and the other half will receive Droxidopa. Following this will be a wash-out period of 7 days and then all subjects will receive Droxidopa for 3 months during the open-label phase.

Read the detailed description

Parkinsonism, is a group of symptoms seen in several diseases, including Parkinson's Disease. In Parkinsonism, a patient may become stiff, have smaller and slower movements, develop a tremor (shaking of the arms or legs), have decreased facial expression, and a softer voice.

Fatigue is a common symptom that causes suffering and stress in diseases that affect the brain. Over 50% of patients with Parkinsonism report fatigue as one of their top three symptoms that make their life more difficult. Currently, there are no evidence-based guidelines for treating fatigue in Parkinson's Disease, and no effective medications or therapeutic modalities exist for fatigue symptoms in patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Droxidopa (also known by the trade name NORTHERA) is a safe and well tolerated medication which has been approved in USA for the treatment of orthostatic dizziness or light headedness in patients with a clinical diagnosis of symptomatic Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension associated with primary autonomic failure (Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy), Dopamine Beta Hydroxylase Deficiency, or Non Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy.

Fatigue may be due to diminished levels of norepinephrine in Parkinson's Disease. The locus coeruleus, one of the major sources of norepinephrine, is affected during the preclinical phase of Parkinson's Disease during stage 2 of Braak pathology staging. Norepinephrine is the final metabolite of dopamine, therefore by adding exogenous norepinephrine, it may be possible to control some of the motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism. Norepinephrine is the final metabolite of droxidopa, and it is still unclear if it passes the blood-brain barrier. This pilot study is to measure the efficacy and safety of droxidopa in Parkinsonism patients with fatigue.

03

Conditions studied

  • Parkinson Disease
  • Multiple System Atrophy
  • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Keywords

  • fatigue
  • Droxidopa
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
50 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age of 50 years or older.
  • Clinical diagnosis of Parkinsons Disease or Atypical Parkinsonism (including multiple system atrophy (MSA), PSP)
  • Fluent in English
  • Reported fatigue and must have a mean VAFS score of 4 or more at baseline
  • Written

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inability to understand or cooperate with study procedures
  • Alcohol or substance use disorder within the past 12 months (as per (DSM-5) criteria)
  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Women of (WOCP) as indicated by one of the following:
  • Sustained supine hypertension greater than or equal to 180 mmHg systolic or 110 mmHg diastolic. Sustained is defined as the average of 3 observations each at least 10 minutes apart with the patient having been supine and at rest for at least 5 minutes prior to each measurement
  • Untreated closed angle glaucoma
  • Diagnosis of hypertension that requires treatment with antihypertensive medications
  • Any significant uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia
  • History of myocardial infarction, within the past 2 years
  • Current unstable angina
  • Congestive heart failure ( Class 3 or 4)
  • Diabetic autonomic neuropathy
  • History of cancer within the past 2 years other than a successfully treated, non- cutaneous squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma or cervical cancer in situ
  • Gastrointestinal condition that may affect the absorption of Medicinal Product (e.g. ulcerative colitis, gastric bypass)
  • Any major surgical procedure within 30 days prior to the first titration visit.
  • Currently receiving any investigational drug or have received an investigational drug within 28 days prior to the first titration visit
  • Any condition or laboratory test result, which in the Investigator's judgment, might result in an increased risk to the patient, or would affect their participation in the study
  • Dementia or non-treated depression
  • Subjects who have a mean VAFS score of less than 4 at baseline
  • Vulnerable populations
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illnesses including, but not limited to severe lung disease, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic cardiac arrhythmia, and situations that would limit compliance with study requirements will be excluded
  • Orthostatic hypotension (OH)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(6)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

DSM diagnostic criteria

The American Psychiatric Association’s manual of mental health diagnoses. DSM-5 (2013, revised as DSM-5-TR in 2022) replaced DSM-IV, and some studies still name the older edition. “Meets DSM criteria for …” means diagnosed by that edition’s diagnostic criteria, usually by a clinician in an interview.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

NYHA class (heart failure)

The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.

I
No limits: ordinary activity causes no undue tiredness or breathlessness.
II
Slight limits: comfortable at rest, ordinary activity causes symptoms.
III
Marked limits: comfortable at rest, less than ordinary activity causes symptoms.
IV
Symptoms even at rest; any activity makes them worse.

Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.

Metastases

Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Droxidopa

    The Droxidopa starting dose for all eligible patients in the Titration Periods are 100mg three times daily (TID). Doses will be titrated by 100mg TID; increments will be made weekly until the optimal dose is achieved or the subject doesn't notice an improvement in their subjective fatigue on a higher dose compared to the most recent dose. Half of the subjects will be on Droxidopa for 3 months during the double-blind phase. All subjects will be on Droxidopa for 3 months during the open-label phase.

    Drug: Droxidopa

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo Oral Tablet

    The placebo starting dose for all eligible patients in the Titration Period is 100mg TID. Doses will be titrated by 100mg TID; increments will be made weekly until the optimal dose is achieved. Half of the subjects will be on placebo for 3 months during the double-blind phase.

    Drug: Placebo Oral Tablet

Interventions

  • Droxidopa in 100, 200, and 300mg capsules. Maximum dose to be used in this study is 600mg.

    Also known as: Northera

  • DrugPlacebo Oral Tablet

    Placebo capsules to match Droxidopa 100, 200, and 300mg capsules.

    Also known as: Placebo

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Efficacy of Droxidopa on fatigue in subjects with Parkinsonism as determined by completion of Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS)

    Subjects will complete the VAFS which measures level of fatigue with zero being equivalent to energetic with no fatigue to ten being worst possible fatigue

    Time frame: Change between baseline and 12 weeks

  2. Efficacy of Droxidopa on fatigue in subjects with Parkinsonism as determined by completion of Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS)

    Subjects will complete the VAFS which measures level of fatigue with zero being equivalent to energetic with no fatigue to ten being worst possible fatigue

    Time frame: Change between 18 weeks and 28 weeks

  3. Efficacy of Droxidopa on fatigue in subjects with Parkinsonism as determined by completion of Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale (VAFS)

    Subjects will complete the VAFS which measures level of fatigue with zero being equivalent to energetic with no fatigue to ten being worst possible fatigue

    Time frame: Week 29

Secondary outcomes

  1. Efficacy of Droxidopa on motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism as determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

    The UPDRS is a composite measurement of motor and non-motor symptoms divided into six domains. Domain I measures Mentation, Behavior and Mood. Domain II measures Activities of Daily Living. Domain III measures Motor Examination. Domain IV measures Complications of Therapy. Domain V is Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging. Domain 6 is Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale

    Time frame: Change between baseline and 12 weeks

  2. Efficacy of Droxidopa on motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism as determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

    The UPDRS is a composite measurement of motor and non-motor symptoms divided into six domains. Domain I measures Mentation, Behavior and Mood. Domain II measures Activities of Daily Living. Domain III measures Motor Examination. Domain IV measures Complications of Therapy. Domain V is Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging. Domain 6 is Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale

    Time frame: Change between 18 weeks and 28 weeks

  3. Efficacy of Droxidopa on motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism as determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

    The UPDRS is a composite measurement of motor and non-motor symptoms divided into six domains. Domain I measures Mentation, Behavior and Mood. Domain II measures Activities of Daily Living. Domain III measures Motor Examination. Domain IV measures Complications of Therapy. Domain V is Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging. Domain 6 is Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale

    Time frame: Week 29

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Loma Linda University Faculty Medical Offices - Neurology Clinic
    Loma Linda, California 92354, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Friedman J, Friedman H. Fatigue in Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 1993 Oct;43(10):2016-8. doi: 10.1212/wnl.43.10.2016. PubMed 8413960 ↗
  • Friedman JH, Brown RG, Comella C, Garber CE, Krupp LB, Lou JS, Marsh L, Nail L, Shulman L, Taylor CB; Working Group on Fatigue in Parkinson's Disease. Fatigue in Parkinson's disease: a review. Mov Disord. 2007 Feb 15;22(3):297-308. doi: 10.1002/mds.21240. PubMed 17133511 ↗
  • Friedman JH, Beck JC, Chou KL, Clark G, Fagundes CP, Goetz CG, Herlofson K, Kluger B, Krupp LB, Lang AE, Lou JS, Marsh L, Newbould A, Weintraub D. Fatigue in Parkinson's disease: report from a mutidisciplinary symposium. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2016;2:15025-. doi: 10.1038/npjparkd.2015.25. Epub 2016 Jan 14. PubMed 27239558 ↗
  • Mendonca DA, Menezes K, Jog MS. Methylphenidate improves fatigue scores in Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. Mov Disord. 2007 Oct 31;22(14):2070-6. doi: 10.1002/mds.21656. PubMed 17674415 ↗
  • Smith KM, Eyal E, Weintraub D; ADAGIO Investigators. Combined rasagiline and antidepressant use in Parkinson disease in the ADAGIO study: effects on nonmotor symptoms and tolerability. JAMA Neurol. 2015 Jan;72(1):88-95. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.2472. PubMed 25420207 ↗
  • Kaufmann H, Freeman R, Biaggioni I, Low P, Pedder S, Hewitt LA, Mauney J, Feirtag M, Mathias CJ; NOH301 Investigators. Droxidopa for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Neurology. 2014 Jul 22;83(4):328-35. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000615. Epub 2014 Jun 18. PubMed 24944260 ↗
  • Herlofson K, Larsen JP. Measuring fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease - the Fatigue Severity Scale. Eur J Neurol. 2002 Nov;9(6):595-600. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00444.x. PubMed 12453074 ↗
  • Krupp LB, LaRocca NG, Muir-Nash J, Steinberg AD. The fatigue severity scale. Application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arch Neurol. 1989 Oct;46(10):1121-3. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1989.00520460115022. PubMed 2803071 ↗
  • Smets EM, Garssen B, Bonke B, De Haes JC. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) psychometric qualities of an instrument to assess fatigue. J Psychosom Res. 1995 Apr;39(3):315-25. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(94)00125-o. PubMed 7636775 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Lundbeck is funding this study and will be providing the study drug. If Lundbeck requests, they will be provided with protocol, statistical analysis plan, clinical study report, and any other study data they request. All adverse events will be reported to Lundbeck.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Clinical study report

Time frame: The data will be available to Lundbeck from the start of the study through it's completion.

Access criteria: This material will be provided to Lundbeck in person, not electronically.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Start is estimated for Dec 2021; primary completion for Jul 2023, 19 months later.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 20, 2018
First posted
Feb 27, 2018
StartEst.
Dec 2021
Primary completionEst.
Jul 1, 2023
CompletionEst.
Jul 1, 2023
Last update
Mar 2, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 2, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03446807
Collaborators
H. Lundbeck A/S
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 27, 2018
Start date
Dec 2021 (estimated)
Primary completion
Jul 1, 2023 (estimated)
Completion
Jul 1, 2023 (estimated)
Last update
Mar 2, 2022

Study contacts

Khashayar Dashtipour, M.D. Ph.D.
principal investigator · Loma Linda University Health

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is withdrawn, as verified in Feb 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Droxidopa

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