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CompletedNCT03429387PIPPINUpdated May 17, 2022

PET/CT and Bacterial/Fungal PCR in High Risk Febrile Neutropenia

An interventional study of FDG-PET/CT and Conventional CT in Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant, Autologous, sponsored by Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia. Completed at 2 sites in Australia. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-05-17.

Sponsored by Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia · Not applicable, Interventional, and Diagnostic

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
147
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 148 studies in Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute with a site in Australia — 23 open to participants now, 45 under way, 17 of them phase 3. Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute · Australia.

Enrollment
57th of 144
147 · median 108
Started
2018
with 14 others
No phase
2 of 148
none open now
Registered
68th of 148
by date

Among the 148 studies in Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute with a site in Australia, this one is the 57th largest by enrollment of the 144 interventional ones, is one of 15 that started in 2018, is one of 2 with no phase, and was the 68th registered.

By phase

148 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

Phase 154 · 7 open
Phase 346 · 6 open
Phase 1/220 · 7 open
Phase 219 · 2 open
Observational3 · 1 open
No phasethis study2 · 0 open
Phase 2/32 · 0 open
Other kind1 · 0 open
Phase 41 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 1997; this study’s year is marked. 15 started in 2018.

Size and results

Median enrollment 108 across the 144 interventional studies, 25 across the 3 observational. Of the 95 that completed or were terminated, 50 (53%) have results posted.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 148 studies in Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute with a site in Australia, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Patients with acute leukaemia requiring induction or consolidation chemotherapy and those requiring a haematopoietic stem cell transplant are at high risk of fever and infection when they have low white cell counts (neutropenic fever). The causes of neutropenic fever are frequently unknown and patients are treated with broad antibiotics, without a clear target to what is being treated.

This study will prospectively enroll patients who are receiving chemotherapy for acute leukaemia or for a stem cell transplant and compare the diagnostic utility of bacterial and fungal PCR performed directly off blood drawn, to the standard blood culture. Patients who have persistent fever after 72 hours of antibiotics will then be randomized to have either the interventional scan (PET/CT) or the conventional scan (standard CT) to look for a source of infection. Diagnostic yield, change in management and outcomes will be compared between arms.

03

Conditions studied

  • Acute Myeloid Leukemia
  • Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
  • Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant, Autologous
  • Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant, Allogeneic
  • Febrile Neutropenia

Keywords

  • Diagnosis
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • About to have an haematopoietic stem cell transplant, OR
  • About to have an autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant, OR
  • Commencing induction or consolidation chemotherapy with curative intent for acute myeloid or acute lymphoid leukaemia

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current actively diagnosed infection prior to transplant or chemotherapy
  • Allergy to intravenous contrast for CT imaging
  • \<30
  • Pregnant
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Allogeneic and autologous transplant

Stem cell (bone marrow) transplants. Allogeneic uses cells from a donor; autologous uses your own cells, collected earlier and given back.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
147 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    FDG-PET/CT arm

    Participants with persistent febrile neutropenia after 72 hours of onset who are randomized to this arm will have an FDG-PET/CT performed to look for source of fever.

    Diagnostic Test: FDG-PET/CT

  • Active comparator
    Conventional CT arm

    Participants with persistent febrile neutropenia after 72 hours of onset who are randomized to this arm will have a conventional CT (HRCT chest and sinuses +/- other regions as per clinician's discretion) performed to look for source of fever.

    Diagnostic Test: Conventional CT

Interventions

  • Diagnostic testFDG-PET/CT

    FDG-PET performed with low dose CT

    Also known as: PET/CT

  • Diagnostic testConventional CT

    HRCT and CT of sinuses +/- other regions as per clinician's discretion

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in management following randomized scan

    Defined as: * referral for targeted sampling, referral for surgery * change in antimicrobial therapy * removal of a central line

    Time frame: Within 48 hours of scan result

Secondary outcomes

  1. Proportion of participants with a cause of neutropenic fever

    The proportion of participants in each arm where there is a confirmed cause of neutropenic fever

    Time frame: By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  2. Hospital length of stay

    The duration (in days) of hospital length of stay for the episode in which neutropenic fever occurred

    Time frame: By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  3. Costs of hospital care

    The overall cost of the inpatient stay for the episode in which neutropenic fever occurred

    Time frame: By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  4. Proportion admitted to intensive care

    The proportion of patients in each arm who were admitted to intensive care during their admission in which neutropenic fever occurred

    Time frame: By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  5. In hospital mortality

    The proportion of patients per arm who have passed away during the admission in which neutropenic fever occurred

    Time frame: By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  6. 6 month mortality

    The proportion of patients per arm who have passed away 6 months post study entry

    Time frame: 6 months from study entry

07

Study locations

2 sites
  • Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
    Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
  • Melbourne Health
    Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Douglas A, Thursky K, Spelman T, Szer J, Bajel A, Harrison S, Tio SY, Bupha-Intr O, Tew M, Worth L, Teh B, Chee L, Ng A, Carney D, Khot A, Haeusler G, Yong M, Trubiano J, Chen S, Hicks R, Ritchie D, Slavin M. [18F]FDG-PET-CT compared with CT for persistent or recurrent neutropenic fever in high-risk patients (PIPPIN): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Haematol. 2022 Aug;9(8):e573-e584. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(22)00166-1. Epub 2022 Jun 28. PubMed 35777413 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Aug 2020, 30 months.

Of 132 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, half reached primary completion within 49 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 26 and three quarters within 128. This study's 30 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 139 studies reached it within 47 months; a quarter within 25 and three quarters within 123.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 5, 2017
First posted
Feb 12, 2018
StartActual
Jan 8, 2018
Primary completionActual
Aug 1, 2020
CompletionActual
Jan 23, 2021
Last update
May 17, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 17, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03429387
Lead sponsor
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia
Collaborators
Melbourne Health, Westmead Hospital, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 12, 2018
Start date
Jan 8, 2018
Primary completion
Aug 1, 2020
Completion
Jan 23, 2021
Last update
May 17, 2022

Study contacts

Monica Slavin, MBBS, MD
principal investigator · Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in May 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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