ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03383549GOALUpdated Jan 29, 2020

Cognitive and Physical Home-rehabilitation by Information and Communications Technology. Games for Older Adults Active Life (GOAL)

An interventional study of Tele-rehabilitation in Cognitive Dysfunction, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Cognitive Impairment, sponsored by Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus. Completed at 1 site in Italy. Open to participants aged 65 Years to 80 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-01-29.

Sponsored by Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
65 Years to 80 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-15

Among 174 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Italy — 74 open to participants now, 87 under way, 6 of them phase 3. Cognitive Dysfunction · Italy.

Enrollment
64th of 110
60 · median 80
Started
2018
with 10 others
No phase
92 of 174
42 open now
Registered
22nd of 174
by date

Among the 174 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Italy, this one is the 64th largest by enrollment of the 110 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 11 that started in 2018, is one of 92 with no phase, and was the 22nd registered.

Cognitive Dysfunction

3,876 studies on the registry are indexed under Cognitive Dysfunction; 1,119 are open to participants now.

Browse Cognitive Dysfunction studies →

Open to participants now

74 of the 174 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Italy are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

69 more — sign in →

All 74 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Italy have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Italy →

Who these studies take

Of the 753 Cognitive Dysfunction studies recruiting now, 364 (48%) set no upper age limit and 143 (19%) stop at 75 or younger; 46 take children under 18; 260 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 65 Years to 80 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

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02

Study summary

Aging is often associated with pathological pathway such as in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and that pathway may be associated to a high risk of dementia.

Tools for early identification of functional and cognitive decline and effectiveness of treatments in counteracting the loss of functionality to preserve MCI subjects autonomy, have been widely debated in recent years.

In literature, the importance of combined cognitive and physical training is also recognized (Karssemeijer E, 2017).

Moving from the above mentioned findings and considerations, the aim of GOAL project is to test a newly developed tele-rehabilitation platform to monitor and preserve functional and cognitive abilities in individuals affected by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned to the tele-rehabilitation (GOAL group) or usual care program (control group). A dedicated application will be developed for the GOAL group. Thanks to the application, the participant will access different contents, such as serious games to train cognitive abilities (Anguera et al,2013) and physical training video lessons to endorse daily activity. Each participant of GOAL group will be provided with a tablet, with the application installed on it, and an internet connection (if needed).

Read the detailed description

30 patients will be allocated in the treatment arm (Telerehabilitation program, GOAL group) by randomization. Randomization will be applied with a ratio of 1:1.

The Telerehabilitation program is conceived as a combined protocol to train both cognitive and physical domains. Participants will be requested to perform the cognitive training three times weekly and physical training two times weekly, on alternate days. The subject will access the Telerehabilitation contents by using a web application configured on a touchscreen notebook, that will be provided to each participant by the research institute.

Physical exercises are going to be chosen according to adaptive physical activity model, and each session will be made up of eleven exercises, divided in three categories: warm-up, strengthening and stretching/relaxation. The participants will perform the exercises according to instructions received in a sequence of videos. Every session will last 30 minutes.

Cognitive training will be based on BrainHQ exercises (BrainHQ, Posit Science,USA) which are characterized by adaptive control of the difficulty levels. The chosen exercises aim to train different cognitive domains including: attention, executive function, memory, processing speed, reasoning, and visuospatial memory. Each session will last 20 minutes, and will include four different types of exercise.

While enrolled in the 8 weeks program, participants will also be requested to wear an actigraph. The actigraph will be placed on the non-dominant arm and will be used to monitor daily activity and sleep quality.

At the end of the tele-rehabilitation program, participants will undergo a final assessment.

03

Conditions studied

  • Cognitive Dysfunction
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Keywords

  • Telerehabilitation [E02.831.891]
  • Cognitive Aging [G07.345.124.260]
  • Exercise Therapy [E02.760.169.063.500.387]
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
65 Years to 80 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age between 65 and 80 years old
  • Agreement to participate, with signature of the informed-consent form
  • Availability of a caregiver/study partner, who agrees to support the participant through the GOAL program. Participant and caregiver are not required to live together
  • (MMSE) score >24 The participant should present a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in absence of secondary causes of dementia (hypothyroidism untreated or treated with a therapy that has been revised in the previous 6 months, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency), assessed through a blood test.

In case of MCI due to Alzheimer Disease (AD), additional inclusion criteria are:

  • Hachinski Ischemic Score ≤4
  • Absence of secondary causes of dementia confirmed by a neuroimaging examination (TC scan or encephalic MRI), Fazekas score \<2
  • Biomarker of neuronal damage (PET with 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose, MRI with hippocampal volumetric assessment or levels of t-tau and p-tau in the cerebrospinal fluid) or biomarkers of Aβ deposition (Amyloid-PET or levels of A> 42 in the cerebrospinal fluid) consistent with MCI due to AD

In case of MCI due to Vascular Cognitive Impairment, additional inclusion criteria are:

  • Hachinski Ischemic score > 4
  • Fazekas score >=2
  • Presence of at least one of the following conditions, as assessed by TC scan or encephalic MRI

    • Multiple lesions in the white matter consistent with cerebral small vessel disease
    • Lacunar status
    • Multi-infarct encephalopathy with ischemic multiple lesions in the cortical region, in the basal ganglia and white matter

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Unreliable communication (eg, foreign language or aphasia)
  • Severe visual or auditory deficit, not reversible, to the extent that it compromises the interaction with the operator and the usage of ICT instrumentation.
  • Presence of neurological and/or psychiatric disorders (Hamilton scale >12) that might interfere with cognitive status
  • Left-handed individuals
  • Level of education \<3 years
  • History of substance abuse (nicotine excluded)
  • Having relapsing systemic disease and presence of major head trauma

    • Frank dementia
    • \<24
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

MMSE and MoCA

Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
60 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Tele-rehabilitation

    Tele-rehabilitation arm undergo a home-based rehabilitation combined protocol, made up of cognitive and physical exercises

    Other: Tele-rehabilitation

  • No intervention
    Control group

    Control group receives only verbal instructions to train cognitive and physical conditions. Instructions will aim to promote daily and leisure activities.

Interventions

  • OtherTele-rehabilitation

    Each subject undergoes a combined rehabilitation protocol, which will be administered on a daily basis, designed to alternate physical exercises and cognitive training. Each daily session lasts between 30 and 45 minutes. The complete protocol lasts 8 weeks.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Comparison between the cognitive ability measured at the end of the treatment (time point 2 months) and at the screening time point

    Changes in cognitive ability will be assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Test (Conti et al., 2014)

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Maintenance or improvement of the physical activity

    Physical activity performed during the trial will be evaluated through the output of the actigraph device and physical performance using the Short Physical Performance Battery

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

  2. Copy and Recall of Rey's Figure

    Copy and Recall of Rey's Figure ( Caffarra et al., 2002)

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

  3. Verbal fluency task

    Verbal fluency task (semantic - Novelli et al, 1986 - and phonemic - Carlesimo et al, 1996)

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

  4. Stroop Test

    Stroop Test (short version; Caffarra et al., 2002)

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

  5. Serious Game test

    Serious Game test (Zucchella et al, 2014)

    Time frame: At the screening time point and after 2 months of treatment

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Rehabilitation Centre IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation
    Florence, 50141, Italy
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Karssemeijer EGA, Aaronson JA, Bossers WJ, Smits T, Olde Rikkert MGM, Kessels RPC. Positive effects of combined cognitive and physical exercise training on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev. 2017 Nov;40:75-83. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.09.003. Epub 2017 Sep 12. PubMed 28912076 ↗
  • Anguera JA, Boccanfuso J, Rintoul JL, Al-Hashimi O, Faraji F, Janowich J, Kong E, Larraburo Y, Rolle C, Johnston E, Gazzaley A. Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults. Nature. 2013 Sep 5;501(7465):97-101. doi: 10.1038/nature12486. PubMed 24005416 ↗
  • Caffarra P, Vezzadini G, Dieci F, Zonato F, Venneri A. Rey-Osterrieth complex figure: normative values in an Italian population sample. Neurol Sci. 2002 Mar;22(6):443-7. doi: 10.1007/s100720200003. PubMed 11976975 ↗
  • C. Novelli, C. Papagno, E. Capitani, M. Laiacona, G. Vallar, S.F. Cappa Tre test clinici di ricerca e produzione lessicale: taratura su soggetti normalis Arch Psicol Neurol Psichiatr, 47 (1986), pp. 477-506
  • Carlesimo GA, Caltagirone C, Gainotti G. The Mental Deterioration Battery: normative data, diagnostic reliability and qualitative analyses of cognitive impairment. The Group for the Standardization of the Mental Deterioration Battery. Eur Neurol. 1996;36(6):378-84. doi: 10.1159/000117297. PubMed 8954307 ↗
  • Zucchella C, Sinforiani E, Tassorelli C, Cavallini E, Tost-Pardell D, Grau S, Pazzi S, Puricelli S, Bernini S, Bottiroli S, Vecchi T, Sandrini G, Nappi G. Serious games for screening pre-dementia conditions: from virtuality to reality? A pilot project. Funct Neurol. 2014 Jul-Sep;29(3):153-8. PubMed 25473734 ↗
  • Conti S, Bonazzi S, Laiacona M, Masina M, Coralli MV. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)-Italian version: regression based norms and equivalent scores. Neurol Sci. 2015 Feb;36(2):209-14. doi: 10.1007/s10072-014-1921-3. Epub 2014 Aug 20. PubMed 25139107 ↗
  • Mosca IE, Salvadori E, Gerli F, Fabbri L, Pancani S, Lucidi G, Lombardi G, Bocchi L, Pazzi S, Baglio F, Vannetti F, Sorbi S, Macchi C. Analysis of Feasibility, Adherence, and Appreciation of a Newly Developed Tele-Rehabilitation Program for People With MCI and VCI. Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 27;11:583368. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.583368. eCollection 2020. PubMed 33329326 ↗
  • Fabbri L, Mosca IE, Gerli F, Martini L, Pancani S, Lucidi G, Savazzi F, Baglio F, Vannetti F, Macchi C; GOAL Working Group. The Games for Older Adults Active Life (GOAL) Project for People With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Cognitive Impairment: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Neurol. 2019 Jan 11;9:1040. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01040. eCollection 2018. PubMed 30687208 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Oct 2018, 9 months.

Of 1,449 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Cognitive Dysfunction, half reached primary completion within 27 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 13 and three quarters within 51. This study's 9 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,518 studies reached it within 27 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 50.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 15, 2017
First posted
Dec 26, 2017
StartActual
Jan 1, 2018
Primary completionActual
Oct 30, 2018
CompletionActual
Jun 30, 2019
Last update
Jan 29, 2020
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 29, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03383549
Collaborators
Consorzio di Bioingeneria e Informatica Medica, University of Florence, Gutenberg Srl
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 26, 2017
Start date
Jan 1, 2018
Primary completion
Oct 30, 2018
Completion
Jun 30, 2019
Last update
Jan 29, 2020

Study contacts

Claudio Macchi, MD
principal investigator · University of Florence

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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