ClinicalTrials.gg
Enrolling by invitationNCT03855618FMIUpdated Mar 21, 2025

Translation and Validation Fugl-Meyer in Italian Language

An observational study in Validation Fugl Meyer Scale in Italian, sponsored by Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus. Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in Italy. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 90 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-03-21.

Sponsored by Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
10
Ages
18 Years to 90 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The aim of the study is to carry out a transcultural translation of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale, both for the upper and lower limb, in Italian, and to perform a cultural validation of the translation on a group of post-stroke patients admitted to the SOR Neurological Foundation don Gnocchi ONLUS Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS).

As a research group the purpose is to translate the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale into Italian in order to allow immediate clinical use.

Read the detailed description

The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) is a specific instrument for evaluation of post-stroke patients. Introduced for the first time by Axl Fugl-Meyer and collaborators as a standardized assessment for hemiparetic patient and originally published in both English and Swedish. It represented the first quantitative assessment tool for the hemiplegic patient.

The FMA is a valid, reliable, responsive and most widely used standardized clinical scale for evaluation of the degree of sensory and motor impairment of the hemiplegic patient, and is considered to date one of the most used tools worldwide. Extensive research has shown that FMA is easy to use, does not require special equipment and has excellent validity, reliability and responsiveness, which makes this scale particularly suitable for different types of clinical settings around the world.

There are many currently translation and cultural validation studies in several languages (Danish, Norwegian, Spanish, French), but an official version validated in Italian is not available to date.

This study aims to perform and develop a transcultural validation of the FMA both for the upper and lower limbs in Italian, following a methodological approach already validated for the process of translation and cultural adaptation, including formal involvement with the University of Gothenburg, which holds the rights on the original scale.

The process of translation and cultural validation follows a standardized translation protocol, approved by the University of Goteborg which holds the rights on the official version of the scale in Swedish and in English. A phase of forward translation, revision and backward translation and final revision is planned to determine the conceptual, semantic and operational equivalence of the FMA scale.

A multistep structure is used for the revision and cultural and linguistic adaptation of the drafting.

The use of mother tongue translators, both English and Italian, and a interdisciplinary team of fiosterapists, physicians, speech therapists and neuropsychologists, with experience of Stroke rehabilitation in clinical and research fields, all employees or collaborators of IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, which will review the translations.

The translated version in Italian is subsequently tested, through a pilot study, by three physiotherapists at SOR Neurological Foundation don Gnocchi ONLUS IRCCS, in order to identify lingual and conceptual inconsistencies that could influence the score, the understanding, the interpretation and the cultural equivalence of the scale.

02

Conditions studied

  • Validation Fugl Meyer Scale in Italian

Keywords

  • Translation.
  • Transcultural validation.
  • Post-Stroke.
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus is the lead sponsor of 146 studies on the registry; 37 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 90 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

Post-stroke patients in intensive rehabilitation treatment.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

consecutive 10 post-stroke patients in intensive rehabilitation treatment are expected, with an acute event occurring no later than 15 days from admission to the SOR Neurological Foundation don Gnocchi ONLUS IRCCS.

Exclusion criteria

-

Exclusion Criteria:

disorders of the visus and / or hearing, amputation of a limb (sup. Or inf.), cerebellar stroke; previous stroke (relapse), cognitive decline (\<21).

-

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

MMSE and MoCA

Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.

05

Study design

Observational model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
10 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
1 Day
Patient registry
Yes

Groups and cohorts

  • 1 case group

    Consecutive 10 post-stroke patients in intensive rehabilitation treatment with an acute event occurring no later than 15 days from admission to the SOR Neurological Foundation don Gnocchi ONLUS IRCCS; age 18-90. It is required to sign an informed consent to the patient's participation in the study or if unable to sign, of the proxy.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Fugl-Meyer Assessment

    Sensorimotor recovery assessment after stroke, total score from 0 to 64, subscore upper limb 36, lower limb 28. Higher scores represent better outcomes

    Time frame: 1 day

07

Study locations

1 site
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Fugl-Meyer AR, Jaasko L, Leyman I, Olsson S, Steglind S. The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. a method for evaluation of physical performance. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1975;7(1):13-31. PubMed 1135616 ↗
  • Barbosa NE, Forero SM, Galeano CP, Hernandez ED, Landinez NS, Sunnerhagen KS, Alt Murphy M. Translation and cultural validation of clinical observational scales - the Fugl-Meyer assessment for post stroke sensorimotor function in Colombian Spanish. Disabil Rehabil. 2019 Sep;41(19):2317-2323. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1464604. Epub 2018 Apr 24. PubMed 29688080 ↗
  • Lundquist CB, Maribo T. The Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity: reliability, responsiveness and validity of the Danish version. Disabil Rehabil. 2017 May;39(9):934-939. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1163422. Epub 2016 Apr 10. PubMed 27062881 ↗
  • Santisteban L, Teremetz M, Bleton JP, Baron JC, Maier MA, Lindberg PG. Upper Limb Outcome Measures Used in Stroke Rehabilitation Studies: A Systematic Literature Review. PLoS One. 2016 May 6;11(5):e0154792. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154792. eCollection 2016. PubMed 27152853 ↗
  • Wild D, Grove A, Martin M, Eremenco S, McElroy S, Verjee-Lorenz A, Erikson P; ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Principles of Good Practice for the Translation and Cultural Adaptation Process for Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO) Measures: report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value Health. 2005 Mar-Apr;8(2):94-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2005.04054.x. PubMed 15804318 ↗
  • Sousa VD, Rojjanasrirat W. Translation, adaptation and validation of instruments or scales for use in cross-cultural health care research: a clear and user-friendly guideline. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011 Apr;17(2):268-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01434.x. Epub 2010 Sep 28. PubMed 20874835 ↗
  • Schuster C, Hahn S, Ettlin T. Objectively-assessed outcome measures: a translation and cross-cultural adaptation procedure applied to the Chedoke McMaster Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI). BMC Med Res Methodol. 2010 Nov 29;10:106. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-10-106. PubMed 21114807 ↗
  • Michaelsen SM, Rocha AS, Knabben RJ, Rodrigues LP, Fernandes CG. Translation, adaptation and inter-rater reliability of the administration manual for the Fugl-Meyer assessment. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2011 Jan-Feb;15(1):80-8. PubMed 21519719 ↗
  • See J, Dodakian L, Chou C, Chan V, McKenzie A, Reinkensmeyer DJ, Cramer SC. A standardized approach to the Fugl-Meyer assessment and its implications for clinical trials. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013 Oct;27(8):732-41. doi: 10.1177/1545968313491000. Epub 2013 Jun 17. PubMed 23774125 ↗
  • Sanchez R, Echeverry J. [Validating scales used for measuring factors in medicine]. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota). 2004 Sep-Dec;6(3):302-18. Spanish. PubMed 15656069 ↗
  • Svensson E. Different ranking approaches defining association and agreement measures of paired ordinal data. Stat Med. 2012 Nov 20;31(26):3104-17. doi: 10.1002/sim.5382. Epub 2012 Jun 19. PubMed 22714677 ↗
  • Cohen J. Weighted kappa: nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit. Psychol Bull. 1968 Oct;70(4):213-20. doi: 10.1037/h0026256. No abstract available. PubMed 19673146 ↗
  • Kazdin AE. Artifact, bias, and complexity of assessment: the ABCs of reliability. J Appl Behav Anal. 1977 Spring;10(1):141-50. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-141. PubMed 16795543 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Mar 2019 to primary completion in Jul 2019, 4 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 24, 2019
First posted
Feb 27, 2019
StartActual
Mar 15, 2019
Primary completionActual
Jul 15, 2019
CompletionEst.
Dec 30, 2025
Last update
Mar 21, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 21, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03855618
Responsible party
Francesca Cecchi (Principal Investigator, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus) — Principal investigator
First posted
Feb 27, 2019
Start date
Mar 15, 2019
Primary completion
Jul 15, 2019
Completion
Dec 30, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Mar 21, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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