An interventional study of REACH Individual Session and Education Webinar in Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic and Brain Injuries, Traumatic, sponsored by Memphis VA Medical Center. Completed at 1 site in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-10-23.
Sponsored by Memphis VA Medical Center · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This randomized clinical trial will test a behavioral caregiving intervention that has been used successfully for dementia and spinal cord injury caregivers to provide services to stressed and burdened parent caregivers of post 9/11 service members/veterans. This intervention is six intensive individual sessions that will teach problem solving, cognitive restructuring and stress reduction targeted to an individual assessment of the care dyad's needs. It will be compared to another method of delivering content, education webinar sessions, which are analogous to the usual standard of care and will function as an attention control arm. The objective of the study is to determine which of these delivery mechanisms is more effective at helping parent caregivers of injured post 9/11 returning troops to improve their depression, anxiety, and burden, and to determine the feasibility of using individual sessions with this population of caregivers.
Exclusion Criteria:
The individual sessions intervention focuses on education, skills building, and support. It will be delivered in six sessions by telephone over three months. A Caregiver Notebook will include comprehensive materials for all sessions and topics. Treatment fidelity will be monitored and ensured through assessment of intervention delivery, receipt, and enactment. The intervention is targeted and individualized to the concerns of the specific caregiver and care recipient through a risk assessment. The Risk Assessment (RA) assesses the main caregiving risk areas for the specific caregiving dyad. The RA is used to tailor the intervention for care recipient behaviors or safety issues and/or caregiver centered issues/concerns related to health, physical and emotional well being, and/or social support.
Other: REACH Individual Session
For the education webinar sessions, topics addressing each of the caregiving risk factors topics but without the skills building or cognitive restructuring components present in the individual intervention sessions will be available online in webinars. The education webinar sessions will focus on general information about post 9/11 concerns, problem behaviors, caregiver health, caregiver emotional well-being, and red flags. Education webinar session participants will not receive the Caregiver Notebook until they have completed their 6 month interviews. Parents will be able to view all 6 webinars at any time during the first 3 months. Each session will last approximately thirty minutes through PowerPoint slide presentation format with a pre-recorded script.
Other: Education Webinar
Individual telephone session with parent
Videos with information on caregiving
Depression - Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9)
The PHQ-9 has 9 items based on the DSM-IV depression diagnostic criteria. Time Frame: All questions refer to the past two weeks. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day). On the PHQ-9, major depressive syndrome is suggested if #1 or #2 and 5 or more items are ranked positive (at least "more than half the days," count #9 if present at all). Other Depressive Syndrome suggested if #1 or #2 and two, three, or four of #1-9 are at least "More than half the days" (count #9 if present at all). Score ranges from 0-27. Higher scores indicate greater depression. Scores are summed to characterize depression as minimal (0-4), mild (5-9), moderate (10-14), moderately severe (15-19), or high/severe (20-27).
Time frame: 6 months
Anxiety - Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Time Frame: All Questions Refer to the Past Two Weeks.
the GAD-7 contains a 7-item checklist of symptoms of GAD. All questions refer to the past two weeks. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) # of Items: 7-items. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day). Scoring for each item ranges from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) for an overall score of 0 to 21; higher scores equal more anxiety. Several cut points have been put forward for different purposes. A cut point of 10 identifies cases of generalized anxiety disorder. Cut points of 5, 10, and 15 represent mild, moderate and severe anxiety.
Time frame: 6 months
Burden - Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12)
# of items: 12 items Scaling: 0 (Never) to 4 (Nearly Always) Total score ranges from 0-48, Higher scores indicate greater burden with \> 17 indicating severe/high burden.
Time frame: 6 months
| Milestone | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 82 | 81 |
| Completed | 78 | 64 |
| Not completed | 4 | 17 |
| Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject | 4 | 17 |
The PHQ-9 has 9 items based on the DSM-IV depression diagnostic criteria. Time Frame: All questions refer to the past two weeks. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day). On the PHQ-9, major depressive syndrome is suggested if #1 or #2 and 5 or more items are ranked positive (at least "more than half the days," count #9 if present at all). Other Depressive Syndrome suggested if #1 or #2 and two, three, or four of #1-9 are at least "More than half the days" (count #9 if present at all). Score ranges from 0-27. Higher scores indicate greater depression. Scores are summed to characterize depression as minimal (0-4), mild (5-9), moderate (10-14), moderately severe (15-19), or high/severe (20-27).
| units on a scale | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar |
|---|---|---|
| Depression - Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9) | 4.4 ± 3.4 | 6.3 ± 4.9 |
the GAD-7 contains a 7-item checklist of symptoms of GAD. All questions refer to the past two weeks. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) # of Items: 7-items. Scaling: 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day). Scoring for each item ranges from 0 (not at all) to 3 (nearly every day) for an overall score of 0 to 21; higher scores equal more anxiety. Several cut points have been put forward for different purposes. A cut point of 10 identifies cases of generalized anxiety disorder. Cut points of 5, 10, and 15 represent mild, moderate and severe anxiety.
| units on a scale | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety - Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Time Frame: All Questions Refer to the Past Two Weeks. | 5.3 ± 4.3 | 6.8 ± 5.1 |
# of items: 12 items Scaling: 0 (Never) to 4 (Nearly Always) Total score ranges from 0-48, Higher scores indicate greater burden with \> 17 indicating severe/high burden.
| units on a scale | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar |
|---|---|---|
| Burden - Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12) | 13.4 ± 8.5 | 16.1 ± 9.7 |
Collected over six months. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| REACH Individual Session | 0/82 (0%) | 0/82 (0%) | 0/82 (0%) |
| Education Webinar | 0/81 (0%) | 0/81 (0%) | 0/81 (0%) |
| Age, Continuous(years) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 60.2 ± 7.3 | 60.1 ± 6.3 | 60.2 ± 6.8 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 74 | 72 | 146 |
| Male | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 76 | 81 | 157 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asian | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Black or African American | 20 | 6 | 26 |
| White | 59 | 70 | 129 |
| More than one race | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Region of Enrollment(participants) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 82 | 81 | 163 |
| Depression(units on a scale) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 7.3 ± 5.8 | 6.6 ± 5.2 |
| Anxiety(units on a scale) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 6.6 ± 4.7 | 7.2 ± 4.6 | 6.9 ± 4.7 |
| Burden(units on a scale) | REACH Individual Session | Education Webinar | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 15.7 ± 8.6 | 17.9 ± 8.9 | 16.8 ± 8.8 |
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Plan to share: No — Aggregate data will be available if requested
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Memphis VA Medical Center