An interventional study of Joyful Parenting Intervention in Mental Well-being and Happiness, sponsored by The University of Hong Kong. Completed at 2 sites in Hong Kong. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-11-25.
Sponsored by The University of Hong Kong · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention
Aims: To enhance mental well-being of adolescents, adults and their families by creating a positive, happy and joyful environment in the community.
Targets: Parents aged 12-59 and their family members in Hong Kong.
Methods: Joyful Parenting Pilot Project will adopt the public health and family-focused approach, under the brand name of "Joyful@HK Campaign". Evidence-based and Evidence Generating approach with vigorous study design, both qualitative (e.g. focus groups) and quantitative (e.g. randomised controlled trial), will be used to evaluate the overall programme effectiveness including follow-up of at least one month ("best science"). To ensure the practicability and sustainability of the CBEP, we will engage community partners with strong track records of "best practice" to design, plan, and implement the intervention. This project will use innovative and integrated positive psychology and public health theories and methods to plan brief, simple, and cost-effective intervention.
Significance: By using "best science" in the design and evaluation of intervention programme, and the "best practice" of the partners' skills, experience and strong connection with service targets in the community, the intervention, if proven to be effective, for promoting sharing, mind and enjoyment and enhancing mental wellbeing can be further developed and widely disseminated to and adopted by the practitioners in the health and social service sectors for replication and improvement to benefit the whole population.
Joyful Parenting Pilot Project is part of the Community-based Mental Wellness Project for Adolescents and Adults, which aims at enhancing mental well-being of adolescents, adults and their families by creating a positive, happy and joyful environment in the community. The Project is funded by Health Care and Promotion Fund of Food and Health Bureau.
Joyful Parenting Pilot Project is organized by the Hong Kong Family Welfare Society and led by the School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU). The project will organize two-session interactive talks for parents to promote praise and appreciation, positive thinking, enjoyable parenting and knowledge of adult mental health problem (in particular the mixed anxiety and depressive disorder) and mental well-being; and one family gathering activity to promote and practice quality family communication. One wisdom sharing session will be organized for social workers and service practitioners to promote best practice of community mental wellness project.
The major subjects of the Joyful Parenting Pilot Project RCT Study are 120 parents and at least 240 family members. 4 family service units of Hong Kong Family Welfare Society will either be assigned into intervention groups or wait-list control groups. Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention programme.
In the study, parents and their family members will be invited to complete questionnaires to measure the behavioral indicators of sharing, mind and enjoyment, and mental well-being and/or invited to attend the focus group to understand the participants' experience during the programme while community partners will be invited to individual in-depth interviews. HKU team will conduct evaluation during the programme implementation stage. The effectiveness of the intervention, as well as the level of participation and ratings for the intervention will also be evaluated.
Parents (major subjects):
Their family members:
Community partners
Exclusion Criteria:
Subjects will participate in two-session interactive talks on joyful parenting (a core session intervention and booster intervention) and one family gathering activity; questionnaire evaluation will be conducted at baseline, post-session,1 month and 3 month after core session.
Behavioral: Joyful Parenting Intervention
No intervention will be provided to control groups during study period.
* Two-session interactive talks for parents to promote praise \& appreciation, positive thinking, enjoyable parenting (mind) and knowledge of adult mental health problem (in particular the mixed anxiety and depressive disorder) and mental well-being. * One family gathering activity (e.g. outdoor / visit / family indoor gathering) to promote and practise quality family communication (enjoyment and sharing).
Sharing (Praise), Mind (Appreciation) and Enjoyment (SME) Related Behaviours
Outcome-based questionnaire will be used to evaluate participants' frequency of performing the suggested Sharing, Mind and Enjoyment (SME) related behaviours from baseline to three-month after baseline. Praise: 3-item (range: 0-21). Higher scores mean a better outcome. Appreciation: 2-item (range: 0-14). Higher scores mean a better outcome. Enjoyment: 2-item (range: 0-14). Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow-up after baseline
Changes in Subjective Happiness From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Subjective Happiness Scale (4 items) (1-7): higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Mental Well-being From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Validated Chinese version of 7-item Warwick Edinburgh Well-being Scale (7-35): higher scores indicated higher level of wellbeing.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Family Relationship From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Respondents rated each item from 0 (no understanding / intimacy / communication at all with family members) to 10 (full understanding / intimacy / communication with family members), resulting in a total score of 0-30, with higher scores indicating better family relationship.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Personal and Family Health From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all healthy) to 10 (very healthy), with higher scores indicating higher level of personal/family health.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Personal and Family Happiness From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all happy) to 10 (very happy), with higher scores indicating higher level of personal/family happiness.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Family Harmony From Baseline to Three-month After Baseline
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all harmonious) to 10 (very harmonious), with higher scores indicating higher level of family harmony.
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Changes in Knowledge and Perception of Mixed Anxiety and Depressive Disorders
The knowledge and understandings of MADD was self-developed to assess the level of awareness of the MADD symptoms ("I know the symptoms of MADD", range 0 to 10), intention to seek help ("I will talk to families or friends when I have emotional disturbance", range 0-10), self-efficacy of help seeking ("I know how to seek help when I have emotional disturbance", range 0-10), and understanding of the MADD definition ("MADD refers to the condition when both anxiety and depression are diagnosed", yes/no/uncertain).
Time frame: T1: baseline; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
Satisfaction Towards Joyful Parenting Intervention Programme
Satisfaction towards programme will be assessed by program evaluation measures: rated on a 0-10 scale, with "0" indicating "unsatisfied" and "10" indicating "satisfied".
Time frame: T2: after 1st talk; T3: 1-month follow-up after baseline; T4: 3-month follow up after baseline
recruitment period: Aug-Oct 2017; types of location: family service centres
| Milestone | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 75 | 69 |
| Completed | 65 | 60 |
| Not completed | 10 | 9 |
Outcome-based questionnaire will be used to evaluate participants' frequency of performing the suggested Sharing, Mind and Enjoyment (SME) related behaviours from baseline to three-month after baseline. Praise: 3-item (range: 0-21). Higher scores mean a better outcome. Appreciation: 2-item (range: 0-14). Higher scores mean a better outcome. Enjoyment: 2-item (range: 0-14). Higher scores mean a better outcome.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Sharing (Praise) at baseline | 11.49 ± 5.15 | 11.34 ± 4.79 |
| Sharing (Praise) at 1-month | 12.23 ± 4.91 | 11.05 ± 4.81 |
| Sharing (Praise) at 3-month | 13.09 ± 4.12 | 12.34 ± 4.22 |
| Mind (Appreciation) at baseline | 7.03 ± 3.72 | 7.86 ± 3.56 |
| Mind (Appreciation) at 1-month | 8.37 ± 3.66 | 8.44 ± 3.36 |
| Mind (Appreciation) at 3-month | 8.86 ± 2.81 | 7.83 ± 2.91 |
| Enjoyment at baseline | 7.78 ± 3.78 | 7.42 ± 3.29 |
| Enjoyment at 1-month | 7.82 ± 3.22 | 7.58 ± 3.09 |
| Enjoyment at 3-month | 8.92 ± 3.31 | 7.75 ± 2.77 |
Subjective Happiness Scale (4 items) (1-7): higher scores mean a better outcome.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Subjective Happiness at baseline | 4.47 ± 1.19 | 4.52 ± 1.10 |
| Subjective Happiness at 1-month | 5.03 ± 1.10 | 4.54 ± 1.08 |
| Subjective Happiness at 3-month | 5.12 ± 0.93 | 4.64 ± 1.05 |
Validated Chinese version of 7-item Warwick Edinburgh Well-being Scale (7-35): higher scores indicated higher level of wellbeing.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Mental well-being at baseline | 24.82 ± 3.8 | 23.82 ± 4.62 |
| Mental well-being at 1-month | 25.81 ± 3.94 | 24.67 ± 3.74 |
| Mental well-being at 3-month | 27.32 ± 3.83 | 24.81 ± 4.55 |
Respondents rated each item from 0 (no understanding / intimacy / communication at all with family members) to 10 (full understanding / intimacy / communication with family members), resulting in a total score of 0-30, with higher scores indicating better family relationship.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Family relationship at baseline | 20.71 ± 6.80 | 20.85 ± 5.05 |
| Family relationship at 1-month | 22.36 ± 5.03 | 20.73 ± 4.76 |
| Family relationship at 3-month | 23.06 ± 4.69 | 20.34 ± 5.23 |
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all healthy) to 10 (very healthy), with higher scores indicating higher level of personal/family health.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Personal health at baseline | 6.15 ± 2.05 | 6.10 ± 2.27 |
| Personal health at 1-month | 6.99 ± 2.04 | 6.18 ± 2.23 |
| Personal health at 3-month | 7.29 ± 1.84 | 6.32 ± 2.15 |
| Family health at baseline | 6.25 ± 2.32 | 6.25 ± 2.22 |
| Family health at 1-month | 7.23 ± 1.87 | 6.48 ± 1.94 |
| Family health at 3-month | 7.33 ± 1.66 | 6.50 ± 1.95 |
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all happy) to 10 (very happy), with higher scores indicating higher level of personal/family happiness.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Personal happiness at baseline | 6.15 ± 2.31 | 6.15 ± 2.19 |
| Personal happiness at 1-month | 6.97 ± 1.99 | 6.45 ± 2.11 |
| Personal happiness at 3-month | 7.25 ± 1.79 | 6.37 ± 2.07 |
| Family happiness at baseline | 6.40 ± 2.54 | 6.37 ± 2.13 |
| Family happiness at 1-month | 7.38 ± 1.99 | 6.55 ± 1.92 |
| Family happiness at 3-month | 7.45 ± 1.67 | 6.46 ± 1.98 |
Respondents rated each item from 0 (not at all harmonious) to 10 (very harmonious), with higher scores indicating higher level of family harmony.
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Family harmony at baseline | 6.23 ± 2.59 | 6.49 ± 2.09 |
| Family harmony at 1-month | 7.20 ± 2.09 | 6.80 ± 1.96 |
| Family harmony at 3-month | 7.39 ± 1.89 | 6.63 ± 1.96 |
The knowledge and understandings of MADD was self-developed to assess the level of awareness of the MADD symptoms ("I know the symptoms of MADD", range 0 to 10), intention to seek help ("I will talk to families or friends when I have emotional disturbance", range 0-10), self-efficacy of help seeking ("I know how to seek help when I have emotional disturbance", range 0-10), and understanding of the MADD definition ("MADD refers to the condition when both anxiety and depression are diagnosed", yes/no/uncertain).
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control |
|---|---|---|
| The awareness of MADD symptoms at baseline | 4.85 ± 2.61 | 5.30 ± 2.74 |
| The awareness of MADD symptoms at 1-month | 7.33 ± 1.81 | 4.95 ± 2.90 |
| The awareness of MADD symptoms at 3-month | 7.23 ± 2.07 | 5.50 ± 2.61 |
| Intention to seek help at baseline | 6.28 ± 2.44 | 7.05 ± 2.49 |
| Intention to seek help at 1-month | 7.47 ± 1.88 | 7.18 ± 2.21 |
| Intention to seek help at 3-month | 7.72 ± 1.95 | 7.14 ± 2.25 |
| Self-efficacy at baseline | 6.94 ± 2.36 | 7.07 ± 2.47 |
| Self-efficacy at 1-month | 7.50 ± 2.01 | 7.24 ± 2.16 |
| Self-efficacy at 3-month | 7.89 ± 1.99 | 7.04 ± 2.35 |
Satisfaction towards programme will be assessed by program evaluation measures: rated on a 0-10 scale, with "0" indicating "unsatisfied" and "10" indicating "satisfied".
| score on a scale | Joyful Parenting Intervention |
|---|---|
| Satisfaction of the 1st talk at T2 | 8.47 ± 1.44 |
| Satisfaction of the 2nd talk at 1-month | 8.48 ± 1.29 |
| Satisfaction of the family gathering at 3-month | 8.80 ± 1.17 |
Collected over No adverse event was observed at post-intervention (T2), 1-month (T3) or 3-month (T4).. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joyful Parenting Intervention | 0/75 (0%) | 0/75 (0%) | 0/75 (0%) |
| Control | 0/69 (0%) | 0/69 (0%) | 0/69 (0%) |
| Age, Continuous(years) | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 41.8 ± 5.51 | 43.3 ± 6.19 | 42.5 ± 5.87 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 58 | 64 | 122 |
| Male | 17 | 5 | 22 |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected(Participants) | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Count of participants | — | — | 0 |
| Birthplace(participants) | Joyful Parenting Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hong Kong | 28 | 27 | 55 |
| Guangdong Province | 29 | 27 | 56 |
| Other places | 18 | 15 | 33 |
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