An observational study in Behavior Problem and Addiction, sponsored by Assiut University. Status unknown at 1 site in Egypt. Open to participants aged 17 Years to 23 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-08-24.
Sponsored by Assiut University · Observational
Smartphones have become a part of our daily life, the number of people using smartphones is increasing day after day. Easy access to internet is the main advantage of smartphones in comparison to traditional mobile phones, so they are considered as handheld convenient substitutes to computers. People use smartphones for many different purposes such as communication, entertainment, browsing for information, education or business facilitation. Unfortunately the excessive use of smartphones makes people 'addicted' to that type of technology. Past research has shown that older people have less positive attitudes towards a variety of technologies and they are less likely than younger people to embrace new technology, so It seems that the problem of smartphones addiction is most likely to affect young people who are fascinated with new technologies.
What is smartphones addiction? The concept of smartphones addiction is not proposed yet for inclusion in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as non-substance-related disorder but it can be considered one type of technological addictions which were operationally defined by Griffiths as non-chemical (behavioral) addictions which involve human-machine interaction and usually contain inducing and reinforcing features which may contribute to the promotion of addictive tendencies.
Furthermore, Recent work by Lin, et al identified the criteria for diagnosis smartphones addiction as following:
A. Behavioral criteria (3 or more should be present):
B. Functional impairment criteria (2 or more criteria should be present):
Factors associated with smartphones addiction:
Size of problem:
Prevalence of smartphones addiction in young people varies among countries as shown by studies: 29.6% in Saudi Arabia, 44.6% in Lebanon,16.9% in Switzerland, 21.3% in China and 31.33% in India.
-there is no available data about the size of this of this problem in Egypt so investigators need to conduct this study to determine the prevalence of smartphones addiction among young people and it adverse effect on different aspects.
Egyptian Students of Assiut University will be the target population Target students will be selected randomly by using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique.
At the first stage, Faculties within Assiut University will be stratified into 3 strata; Practical , Theoretical and Medical then faculties will be chosen randomly from each stratum to end up with 4 faculties (2 theoretical, 1 practical and 1 medical).
In the second stage, cluster sample will be chosen from one academic year within each faculty (practical sections or small classes). The clusters will be chosen through simple random sample.
Exclusion Criteria:
university students who use smartphones
Other: self-administered structured questionnaire
Data will be collected by self-administered structured questionnaire. The aim of the study and the way of filling the questionnaire will be explained to the students, and then he/she fills the questionnaire by him/her self. The questionnaire will assess smartphones addiction and some of its associated factors and its health consequences
Smartphones addiction scale (SAS)
Prevalence of smartphones addiction and its adverse effects will be evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire guided by smartphones addiction scale developed by Kwon et al.
Time frame: 6 months
Factors associated with smartphones addiction questionnaire
the study will assess some associated factors that may be risk factors to smartphones addiction as depression and loneliness
Time frame: 6 months
Plan to share: Undecided
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Assiut University