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CompletedNCT02699931Updated Jun 6, 2019

Efficacy of Electric 3D Versus Manual Toothbrushes in Patients With Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

An interventional study of Electric3D and Manual in Gingivitis and Dental Plaque, sponsored by National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. Completed at 1 site in Greece. Open to participants aged 12 Years to 16 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-06-06.

Sponsored by National and Kapodistrian University of Athens · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
80
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
12 Years to 16 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study evaluates if electric toothbrushes with a 3D action (rotation / oscillation and pulsation) are more effective than manual toothbrushes in removing plaque and reducing gingival inflammation in patients under orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

Read the detailed description

This trial is designed as a randomized, controlled, investigator blinded superiority trial, with two parallel groups and a 1:1 allocation ratio. Equal number of males and females will be allocated to each group.

One group of orthodontic patients will receive an electric toothbrush with orthodontic head and the other group will receive a manual orthodontic brush. Tooth brushing instructions will be provided. Measurements of two plaque indices and two gingival indices will be taken at baseline and at 3 monthly intervals.

02

Conditions studied

  • Gingivitis
  • Dental Plaque
03

In context

Gingivitis

590 studies on the registry are indexed under Gingivitis; 104 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 80 is above the median of 64 across 478 interventional studies indexed under Gingivitis.

Browse Gingivitis studies →

Lead sponsor

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens is the lead sponsor of 168 studies on the registry; 50 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
12 Years to 16 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • Age between 12 and 16 years. Good general health according to a recent full medical history. Fixed labial orthodontic appliances on all teeth from central incisor to first molar (bands on first molars, metallic brackets-conventional, not self ligating-on other teeth), in both the maxillary and the mandibular arch, placed at least two months before the patient is accepted into the study and no more than two years.

Non-extraction orthodontic treatment. Plaque-induced gingivitis: patients will be included if they have gingival bleeding on at least 30% of the sites examined using the criteria for bleeding of the Modified Simplified Gingival Index.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Active caries. Periodontitis. Tooth agenesis (excluding third molars). Syndromes and craniofacial deformities. Current use of electric toothbrush. More than two cervical and/or proximal fillings. Dental prostheses or dental implants. Smoking or use of other tobacco products. Antibiotics during the last 2 months. Medication that may result in gingival enlargement (e.g. anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, calcium channel blockers).

Disabilities that might affect toothbrushing skills (manual dexterity, mental disabilities).

Peri-oral or intra-oral piercing. Cardiac or other medical condition that requires antibiotic prophylaxis for dental treatment.

Participation in other trials.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
80 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Electric3D

    3D electric toothbrush (Oral-B) with orthodontic head.

    Device: Electric3D

  • Active comparator
    Manual

    Manual orthodontic toothbrush (Oral-B).

    Device: Manual

Interventions

  • DeviceElectric3D

    Oral-B 3D with orthodontic head

  • DeviceManual

    Oral-B orthodontic

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Modified Silness and Löe plaque index

    Time frame: Baseline and monthly for 3 months

  2. Modified Full mouth plaque score

    Time frame: Baseline and monthly for 3 months

  3. Modified Gingival index

    Time frame: Baseline and monthly for 3 months

  4. Modified Simplified Gingival index

    Time frame: Baseline and monthly for 3 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry
    Athens, 11527, Greece
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Mylonopoulou IM, Pepelassi E, Madianos P, Halazonetis DJ. A randomized, 3-month, parallel-group clinical trial to compare the efficacy of electric 3-dimensional toothbrushes vs manual toothbrushes in maintaining oral health in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2021 Nov;160(5):648-658. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.02.016. PubMed 34752255 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 6, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02699931
Lead sponsor
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Responsible party
Demetrios Halazonetis (Assoc. Prof., National and Kapodistrian University of Athens) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 7, 2016
Start date
Apr 2016
Primary completion
Apr 2019
Completion
Apr 2019
Last update
Jun 6, 2019

Study contacts

Demetrios J Halazonetis
principal investigator · National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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