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TerminatedNCT01558115Updated Nov 2, 2022Results posted

Denosumab in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

A Phase 4 interventional study of Denosumab and Placebo in Primary Hyperparathyroidism, sponsored by Columbia University. Terminated at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 40 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-11-02.

Sponsored by Columbia University · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was terminated
Poor enrollment
Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
8
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
40 Years and older
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), a disease characterized by excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) and high blood calcium, is one of the most common endocrine disorders. PHPT is seen most often in postmenopausal women. Many patients with PHPT have low bone mineral density (BMD) when bone mass is measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), primarily at the forearm. There is currently no effective medical therapy which increases bone density at the forearm in patients with PHPT.

PTH both builds and breaks down bone, and the pathways by which PTH mediates these actions are beginning to be identified. Prior research suggests that RANKL, a molecule important in bone metabolism, responds to PTH, and that if the RANKL is inactivated, PTH is shifted towards building bone. The investigators will study the effect of Denosumab, a therapeutic agent that binds to and inactivates RANKL, in 28 postmenopausal women with PHPT. Our hypothesis is that Denosumab will increase bone mineral density in primary hyperparathyroidism.

The study will last two years, and subjects will be randomly assigned to receive either placebo or Denosumab for the first year of the study. In the second year, all subjects will receive Denosumab. Denosumab (60 mg) or placebo will be given every 6 months by an injection just under the skin. Study procedures performed will include bone mineral density tests by DXA, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans, and assessments of biochemical markers of calcium metabolism and bone turnover using both blood and urine samples of subjects with PHPT.

Read the detailed description

PTH has both catabolic and anabolic properties, and under normal circumstances, PTH in PHPT is catabolic for bone at the cortical skeleton. Recently, evidence for a direct role of PTH on RANKL expression and osteoclastogenesis in vivo was obtained using mice lacking a distant transcriptional enhancer of the RANKL gene that confers responsiveness to PTH. These observations, supported by additional cross-sectional studies in human subjects make a compelling argument that the catabolic actions of PTH are mediated by RANKL-mediated bone resorption.

The investigators now propose a proof of concept study to test the hypothesis that in PHPT, inhibition of the RANK-L pathway will unmask the anabolic potential of PTH. A therapeutic agent that redirects the actions of PTH in PHPT from one that is primarily catabolic to an anabolic one would fulfill this proof of concept. The investigators hypothesize that Denosumab, a human Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody that binds to and inactivates RANKL, will convert skeletal actions of PTH from catabolic to anabolic in primary hyperparathyroidism.

02

Conditions studied

  • Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Keywords

  • Columbia University
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Low bone density
  • Denosumab
  • Prolia
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
40 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Confirmed hypercalcemic PHPT in postmenopausal women with serum calcium >10.2 mg/dL and \< 12.0 mg/dL (nl: 8.6-10.2)
  • T-score between -1.5 and -2.5 at any site. If the T-score is \<-2.5, patients become candidates for parathyroid surgery. They will be enrolled only if they refuse the parathyroid surgery

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D level \< 20 ng/ml
  • Previous use of the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ever), alendronate or risedronate (within 12 months) or ibandronate (within 6 months)
  • Current use of PTH, glucocorticoids, SERMS, estrogen (other than vaginal), calcitonin or pharmacological amounts of calcitriol Current or previous use of cinacalcet (within 6 months)
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Rheumatoid arthritis or any other inflammatory joint disease
  • Paget's disease of bone
  • Malabsorption
  • T-score \<-3.5 at any site
  • Signs of symptomatic PHPT (e.g, kidney stones within the past 5 years; fragility fracture within the past 2 years)
  • Physical or mental handicapping condition that precludes ability to complete the protocol and/or provide informed consent.
  • Subjects on Antiviral HIV therapy or subjects with compromised immune systems
  • Premenopausal women or men
  • Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or anyone on dialysis
  • Creatinine clearance \< 30 cc/min unless the patient is not a candidate for surgery or if the patient refuses surgery
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
8 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Denosumab - Group #1

    Receive active drug for year 1 and year 2 of the study

    Drug: Denosumab

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo - Group #2

    Receive placebo for year 1 and active drug for year 2 of the study

    Drug: Denosumab · Other: Placebo

Interventions

  • DrugDenosumab

    The dose of denosumab is 60 mg every 6 months by subcutaneous injection. The 52 subjects will be randomly allocated (2:1) into treatment and placebo arms with the placebo group receiving a subcutaneous injection of vehicle in year 1. In year 2, those who were allocated to the study drug in year 1 will continue in year 2. Those who were allocated to placebo in year 1 will be crossed over to study drug in year 2. Group # 1: Receive active drug for year 1 and year 2 of the study Group #2: Receive placebo for year 1 and active drug for year 2 of the study

    Also known as: Prolia, Xgeva

  • OtherPlacebo

    The dose of denosumab is 60 mg every 6 months by subcutaneous injection. The placebo group will receive vehicle injections at the same time interval. The 52 subjects will be randomly allocated (2:1) into treatment and placebo arms with the placebo group receiving a subcutaneous injection of vehicle in year 1. In year 2, those who were allocated to the study drug in year 1 will continue in year 2. Those who were allocated to placebo in year 1 will be crossed over to study drug in year 2. Group # 1: Receive active drug for year 1 and year 2 of the study Group #2: Receive placebo for year 1 and active drug for year 2 of the study

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Lumbar Spine

    Percent change from baseline in BMD at the lumbar spine, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

    Time frame: Baseline and 12 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Distal 1/3 Radius

    Percent change from baseline in BMD at the distal 1/3 radius, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

    Time frame: 12 months

  2. Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Hip

    Percent change from baseline in BMD at the hip, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

    Time frame: 12 months

06

Results

Posted Nov 2, 2022
Limitations and caveats
Data was not collected and analyzed as per protocol due to study closing prematurely because of poor enrollment.

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneDenosumab - Group #1 or Placebo - Group #2
Started8
Completed1
Not completed7
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject3
Withdrew: Study closed due to poor enrollment4

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Lumbar Spine

Percent change from baseline in BMD at the lumbar spine, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

Time frame:
Baseline and 12 months

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

SecondaryChange in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Distal 1/3 Radius

Percent change from baseline in BMD at the distal 1/3 radius, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

Time frame:
12 months

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

SecondaryChange in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the Hip

Percent change from baseline in BMD at the hip, as measured by Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at 12 months

Time frame:
12 months

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

Adverse events

Collected over Up to 2 years. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Denosumab - Group #10/8 (0%)0/8 (0%)0/8 (0%)
Placebo - Group #20/8 (0%)0/8 (0%)0/8 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Study closed prematurely due to poor enrollment. The data were not collected per arm. This study was closed with the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in 2014 and additional analyses cannot be completed.

Age, Customized
Age, Customized(Participants)Denosumab - Group #1 or Placebo - Group #2
18-65 years3
> 65 years5
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Denosumab - Group #1 or Placebo - Group #2
Female8
Male0
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Denosumab - Group #1 or Placebo - Group #2
American Indian or Alaska Native0
Asian0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0
Black or African American0
White8
More than one race0
Unknown or Not Reported0
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Denosumab - Group #1 or Placebo - Group #2
United States8
07

Study locations

1 site
  • Columbia University Medical Center
    New York, New York 10032, United States
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01558115
Lead sponsor
Columbia University
Collaborators
National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Amgen
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 20, 2012
Start date
Jan 2012
Primary completion
Oct 2014
Completion
Oct 2014
Results posted
Nov 2, 2022
Last update
Nov 2, 2022

Study contacts

John P Bilezikian, MD
principal investigator · Columbia University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
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