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CompletedNCT00528385Updated Sep 12, 2007

Optimalization of Nephroprotection Using Agents Inhibiting Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

An interventional study of Spironolactone (Spironol) 25 mg in Chronic Kidney Disease and Proteinuria, sponsored by Medical University of Gdansk. Completed. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 60 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2007-09-12.

Sponsored by Medical University of Gdansk · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 60 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The main purpose of the study is find whether the addition of aldosterone antagonist, spironolactone to dual renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade involving angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and AT-1 angiotensin II receptor blocker leads to the reduction of proteinuria, main prognostic marker of chronic kidney disease progression.

Read the detailed description

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in the progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and inhibition of the RAAS with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) may retard CKD progression. Dual pharmacological blockade of the RAAS with ACEI and ARB is recommended as a standard renoprotective management at least in patients with nondiabetic proteinuric CKD. However, neither ACEI nor ARB, even in high doses or in concomitant usage, abrogate the progression of CKD completely. Innovative approaches are needed to keep patients with CKD off dialysis. Additional blockade of the aldosterone pathway may prove to be such beneficial therapeutic concept.Aldosterone, a final effector of RAAS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CKD independently of angiotensin II through direct cellular action. This includes promoting an inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, and fibrosis by increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta-1) expression and stimulation reactive oxygen species.A number of observations suggest nongenomic vasoconstrictor action of aldosterone leading to raise arterial and glomerular capillary pressure.Given these facts additional administration of aldosterone antagonist to combination treatment with ACEI and ARB, so called triple RAAS blockade may provide additional renal protection. To shed more light on this issue, we performed a randomised open controlled study to evaluate the influence of triple RAAS therapy on surrogate markers of kidney injury, i.e. proteinuria, markers of tubular involvement and kidney fibrosis.

02

Conditions studied

  • Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Proteinuria

Keywords

  • Proteinuria
  • Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
  • Aldosterone Antagonists
03

In context

Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

3,224 studies on the registry are indexed under Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; 706 are open to participants now.

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Lead sponsor

Medical University of Gdansk is the lead sponsor of 133 studies on the registry; 46 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 60 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • chronic kidney disease
  • stable proteinuria above 300 mg/24 hours (no variations above 25% in the last 6 months)
  • normal or slightly impaired stable renal function defined as serum creatinine level below 1.7 mg/dl (eGFR > 45 ml/min)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • nephrotic syndrome
  • steroids or other immunosuppressive treatment minimum during six months before the study
  • diabetes mellitus
  • potassium serum level > 5.1 mEq/L
  • albumin serum level \< 2.0mg/dL
  • creatinine serum level >2 mg/dl
  • current diagnosis of heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class II-IV
  • clinically significant valvular heart disease or second or third degree heart block without a pacemaker
  • history of hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebrovascular accident or transient ischemic cerebral attack
  • history of myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, coronary bypass surgery, or any percutaneous coronary intervention
  • history of malignancy including leukemia and lymphoma (but not basal cell skin carcinoma) within the past five years
  • pregnant or nursing women
  • any surgical or medical condition which might significantly alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of study drugs.
  • history of alcohol abuse
  • NSAID abuse (more than 2 doses per week)
  • known or suspected contraindications to the study medications, including history of allergy to ACE inhibitors, AT-1 receptor blockers and aldosterone antagonists
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)

Interventions

  • In the 8-weeks run-in period ACEI, cilazapril (5 mg), telmisartan (80 mg) and hydrochlorotiazyd (12.5 mg) were administered to achieve the target blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg. Next, they were randomly assigned to add (or not) 25 mg of spironolactone in two active treatment periods lasting 8 weeks each.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Investigate the antiproteinuric effect of adding aldosterone antagonist, spironolactone to the combination therapy with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and AT-1 receptor blocker in maximal recommended doses.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Investigate the effect of the study intervention on urine excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, alfa1-microglobulin and amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen.

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Cooper TE, Teng C, Tunnicliffe DJ, Cashmore BA, Strippoli GF. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for adults with early (stage 1 to 3) non-diabetic chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jul 19;7(7):CD007751. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007751.pub3. PubMed 37466151 ↗
  • Chung EY, Ruospo M, Natale P, Bolignano D, Navaneethan SD, Palmer SC, Strippoli GF. Aldosterone antagonists in addition to renin angiotensin system antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Oct 27;10(10):CD007004. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007004.pub4. PubMed 33107592 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 12, 2007, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00528385
First posted
Sep 12, 2007
Start date
Mar 2005
Last update
Sep 12, 2007

Study contacts

Boleslaw Rutkowski, MD, PhD
principal investigator · Department of Nephrology Transplantology and Internal Medicine. Medical University of Gdansk.
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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