An interventional study of cold therapy in Cold Therapy Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, sponsored by Mersin University. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-12.
Sponsored by Mersin University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
Among 33 studies in Pain by Mersin University — 8 open to participants now, 8 under way, none of them phase 3. Pain · Mersin University.
Among the 33 studies in Pain by Mersin University, this one is the 23rd largest by planned enrollment of the 32 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 7 that started in 2026, is one of 32 with no phase, and was the 33rd registered.
10,054 studies on the registry are indexed under Pain; 1,649 are open to participants now.
Browse Pain studies →8 of the 33 studies in Pain by Mersin University are open now, in 1 country. Recruiting first, the newest first:
Mersin University · Sites in Turkey
Ages 18+
Mersin University · Sites in Turkey
Ages 18+
Mersin University · Sites in Turkey
Ages 32 wk–37 mo
Mersin University · Sites in Turkey
Ages 28–84
Mersin University · Sites in Turkey
Ages 18+
By country, each count listing its studies:
Of the 929 Pain studies recruiting now, 384 (41%) set no upper age limit and 434 (47%) stop at 75 or younger; 146 take children under 18; 222 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.
The full table on the hub →This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.
33 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 2016; this study’s year is marked. 7 started in 2026.
This study's planned enrollment of 62 is close to the median of 66 across 8,493 interventional studies indexed under Pain.
Median enrollment 71 across the 32 interventional studies, 120 across the 1 observational. Of the 24 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.
This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.
Mersin University is the lead sponsor of 181 studies on the registry; 48 are open to participants now.
4 of the studies in Pain by Mersin University that are under way reach primary completion within a year, 0 of them phase 3. Phase 3 first, then by date:
| Study | Primary completion |
|---|---|
| NCT07930455Mersin UniversityCold Therapy Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy | 2026-11-20 |
| NCT07843602Mersin UniversityEffect of Cyclic Sighing Breathing Exercise on CRBD, Pain, and Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing TUR | 2027-02-28 |
| NCT07808632Mersin UniversityEffect of Stress Ball Use During Femoral Arterial Sheath Removal After Coronary Angiography | 2027-06-30 |
| NCT07808658Mersin UniversityEffect of Box Breathing Before Chest Tube Removal After Open-Heart Surgery | 2027-10-22 |
Add all 4 to your calendar (.ics) → With an account.
Among the 33 studies in Pain by Mersin University, from their registry updates:
This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.
Non-pharmacological methods used to reduce a patient's pain after surgery are important complementary approaches that allow pain to be managed without the potential side effects of medications. Controlling pain in the postoperative period reduces pain-related anxiety in patients, prevents adverse outcomes, facilitates early mobilization, and increases patient comfort and satisfaction, thereby reducing the risk of postoperative complications. It also accelerates recovery, shortens the length of hospital stay, and reduces hospital costs. For these reasons, the use of non-pharmacological pain management following surgical procedures yields positive outcomes for the patient. No study has been found in the literature that measures the effect of cold application-one of the non-pharmacological methods used to alleviate pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy-on patients' sleep quality and quality of recovery. For this reason, this study is designed to determine the effects of cold therapy applied to the trocar incision site following laparoscopic cholecystectomy on pain, sleep quality, and the quality of postoperative recovery.
As with all surgical procedures, patients experience acute pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This pain directly affects patients' daily activities, emotional well-being, sleep quality, physical mobility, eating habits, stress levels, recovery process, and overall quality of life. Pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduces patient comfort and satisfaction; it lowers quality of life by leading to undesirable conditions such as insomnia due to stress caused by postoperative pain, and it negatively affects postoperative recovery. Analgesics and opioids are commonly used in clinical settings to manage pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, long-term use of pharmacological methods can lead to side effects such as nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, and the development of allergies, and may delay wound healing following the surgical procedure. In addition, the long-term use of pharmacological methods leads to a gradual increase in analgesic dosage and increased opioid dependence in patients, resulting in longer hospital stays and higher costs. Non-pharmacological methods used to reduce a patient's pain after surgery are important complementary approaches that allow pain to be managed without the potential side effects of medications. Controlling pain in the postoperative period reduces pain-related anxiety in patients, prevents adverse outcomes, facilitates early mobilization, and enhances patient comfort and satisfaction, thereby reducing the risk of postoperative complications. It also accelerates recovery, shortens the length of hospital stay, and reduces hospital costs. For this reason, the use of non-pharmacological pain management after surgery yields positive outcomes for the patient.
Postoperative pain is the most common cause of sleep disturbances in patients. Patients who undergo surgery often experience significant sleep disturbances immediately following the procedure. A patient's ability to resume normal activities after surgery is an important indicator of the quality of postoperative recovery. While there are many tools available to measure the quality of postoperative recovery, in recent years, the concept of "quality of postoperative recovery"-as perceived by the patient and evaluated from the patient's perspective-has garnered significant attention. Recent studies emphasize the importance of assessing the quality of a patient's recovery during the postoperative period-including the patient's postoperative physiological well-being (consciousness, respiration, thermoregulation, and management of nausea and vomiting, etc.), length of hospital stay, and utilization of hospital resources. These studies have shown that evaluating the quality of postoperative recovery is beneficial across various surgical procedures.
The effective prevention and management of pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy are among the fundamental responsibilities of nurses as healthcare professionals. In this context, methods such as cold therapy, music therapy, acupressure, foot baths, foot massage, hand massage, shoulder massage, relaxation exercises, breathing exercises, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, early mobilization, chewing gum, and aromatherapy are used to reduce pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy affects the patient's pain and sleep quality. Due to pain, patients are unable to find a comfortable position, frequently change positions throughout the night, and experience increased analgesic requirements-all of which negatively affect their sleep quality. This cycle also directly impacts the quality of postoperative recovery. Therefore, pain, sleep, and recovery quality are three fundamental components that interact with one another during the postoperative period. While pain negatively affects sleep quality, poor-quality sleep increases pain sensitivity; both conditions delay physical and psychological recovery. Conversely, effective interventions that reduce pain can contribute to improved recovery quality by enhancing sleep quality. This reciprocal interaction demonstrates that nursing care following laparoscopic cholecystectomy should not focus solely on pain control but should also aim to preserve the patient's sleep pattern to improve sleep quality and support holistic recovery, thereby enhancing the patient's quality of recovery. No study has been found in the literature that measures the effect of cold application-one of the non-pharmacological methods used to alleviate pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy-on patients' sleep quality and quality of recovery. For this reason, this study is designed to determine the effects of cold therapy applied to the trocar incision site following laparoscopic cholecystectomy on pain, sleep quality, and the quality of postoperative recovery. Thus, the study will yield high-level evidence and provide information that can help address the gap in the literature in this field.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Excluded from the study:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The anaesthetists’ scale of health before surgery: I is healthy, II has a mild illness that is under control, III a severe one, IV a severe illness that is a constant threat to life. V and VI are used for the critically ill and for organ donors.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
ASA physical status
The anaesthetists’ scale of health before surgery: I is healthy, II has a mild illness that is under control, III a severe one, IV a severe illness that is a constant threat to life. V and VI are used for the critically ill and for organ donors.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Patients in the study group will receive cold therapy using an ice pack for 20 minutes every hour, starting from the first hour after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and continuing for the first 8 hours. Once the patient regains consciousness after the surgical procedure, they will be informed, and the Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Form will be completed during the first hour; the patient will then be assessed according to the VAS and Cold Therapy Chart. Since skin temperature must drop below 13.6 °C for cold therapy to have a local analgesic effect, the patient's skin temperature will be measured every five minutes during the cold therapy session, and the application will be discontinued when it reaches 13.6 °C. Following cold application, the investigator will re-evaluate patients using the VAS and the Cold Application Chart at 1, 8, and 24 hours. Patients will be asked to complete the "Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale" and the (QoR-15) after surgery.
Other: cold therapy
Patients in the control group, however, will receive the clinic's routine treatment and nursing care without any additional interventions. At the clinic where the study will be conducted, when patients return to their rooms following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, they are administered the analgesics prescribed by the physician \[paracetamol (1000 mg/100 ml) and/or ketavel (50 mg/2 ml) and/or pethidine hydrochloride (100 mg/2 ml)\] are administered, and the patient is placed on strict bed rest for six hours. After six hours, patients are encouraged to walk, and oral intake is initiated. At the clinic, no non-pharmacological methods are used to reduce pain in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Patients in the study group will receive cold therapy using an ice pack for 20 minutes every hour, starting from the first hour after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and continuing for the first 8 hours. Once the patient regains consciousness after the surgical procedure, they will be informed, and the Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Form will be completed during the first hour; the patient will then be assessed according to the VAS and Cold Therapy Chart. Since skin temperature must drop below 13.6 °C for cold therapy to have a local analgesic effect, the patient's skin temperature will be measured every five minutes during the cold therapy session, and the application will be discontinued when it reaches 13.6 °C. Following cold application, the investigator will re-evaluate patients using the VAS and the Cold Application Chart at 1, 8, and 24 hours. Patients will be asked to complete the "Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale" and the (QoR-15) after surgery.
Change from Baseline in the Pain
Visual Analog Scale (VAS): This form examines patients' demographic and clinical characteristics; it includes information on the patient's age, gender, educational status, and whether analgesics were administered following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, as well as the type and dosage if administered.
Time frame: In patients following cold therapy, at 1, 8, and 24 hours
Sleep Quality
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale: Developed by Richards in 1987, this sleep scale consists of six items that assess the depth of nighttime sleep, the time taken to fall asleep, the frequency of awakenings, the duration of wakefulness after waking, sleep quality, and the noise level in the environment. Özlü and Özer conducted a validity and reliability study of the scale in Turkey in 2015. Each item is rated on a scale from 0 to 100 using the visual analog scale technique. On the scale, a score between "0 and 25" indicates very poor sleep, while a score between "76 and 100" indicates very good sleep. The total score is calculated based on the first five items, and the sixth item-which assesses ambient noise levels-is excluded from the total score calculation. Patients' sleep quality improves as their score on the scale increases. While the Cronbach's α value of the original scale is 0.82, that of the Turkish version is 0.91.
Time frame: The morning after the first night following surgery
Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale
Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15): The QoR-15 was developed in 2013 as a revised and abbreviated version of the QoR-40 to assess the quality of recovery following surgery and anesthesia. This unidimensional scale is designed to assess patients' quality of recovery and well-being in the early postoperative period. It consists of a 15-item questionnaire that evaluates the patient's physical comfort, physical independence, emotional state, psychological support, and pain status. For each question on the QoR-15, the patient is asked to rate their level of recovery on a scale from 0 to 10. Once all responses are collected, a total score ranging from 0 to 150 is calculated. A total score between 136 and 150 indicates excellent recovery; between 122 and 135, good recovery; between 90 and 121, moderate recovery; and between 0 and 89, poor recovery. Validity and reliability studies of the Turkish version of the QoR-15 were conducted by Selvi et al., and Cronbach's α was found to be 0.928.
Time frame: Before the patient is discharged following surgery
Cold Application Chart
Cold Application Chart: Data regarding the timing of cold application to the trocar incision in the abdominal region, skin surface temperature before and after cold application, and the pre- and post-application temperatures of the cold application material (ice pack) will be recorded.
Time frame: In patients following cold therapy, at 1, 8, and 24 hours
No study locations are listed for this record.
Start is estimated for Nov 2026; primary completion for Nov 2026, 0 months later.
Of 3,731 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Pain, half reached primary completion within 10 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 4 and three quarters within 23. This study's planned 0 months is below that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 3,830 studies reached it within 10 months; a quarter within 4 and three quarters within 23.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Nov 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.
Sign in to followQuestions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.
Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.
Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.