An observational study in Periodontitis, sponsored by Ankara University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-04.
Sponsored by Ankara University · Observational
This observational study investigated the effect of smoking on salivary and serum metabolomic profiles in individuals with and without periodontitis. Participants were classified into four groups according to periodontal status and smoking status: periodontally healthy non-smokers, periodontally healthy smokers, non-smokers with periodontitis, and smokers with periodontitis. Periodontal clinical parameters were recorded, and saliva and blood samples were collected from all participants. Metabolomic analyses were performed to identify metabolic alterations associated with periodontitis, smoking, and their combined presence, and to compare salivary and serum metabolomic profiles across the study groups.
1,231 studies on the registry are indexed under Periodontitis; 295 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 48 is below the median of 90 across 372 observational studies indexed under Periodontitis.
Browse Periodontitis studies →Ankara University is the lead sponsor of 320 studies on the registry; 64 are open to participants now.
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Adults aged 18-65 years were included and classified into four groups according to periodontal status and smoking status: periodontally healthy non-smokers, periodontally healthy smokers, non-smokers with periodontitis, and smokers with periodontitis. Each group consisted of 12 participants, for a total study population of 48 participants. Periodontal status was determined by clinical periodontal examination, and smoking status was defined according to the prespecified eligibility criteria.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants with periodontitis who were current smokers.
Participants with periodontitis who were non-smokers.
Periodontally healthy participants who were current smokers.
Periodontally healthy participants who were non-smokers.
Relative Abundance of Salivary Metabolites
Salivary metabolites will be analyzed using mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling. Relative metabolite abundances will be measured and compared among the four study groups according to periodontal and smoking status.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Relative Abundance of Serum Metabolites
Serum metabolites will be analyzed using mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling. Relative metabolite abundances will be measured and compared among the four study groups according to periodontal and smoking status.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Mean Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)
Probing pocket depth (PPD) will be measured in millimeters (mm) using a periodontal probe. Mean PPD values will be calculated for each participant and compared among the four study groups.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Mean Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL)
Clinical attachment loss (CAL) will be measured in millimeters (mm) using a periodontal probe. Mean CAL values will be calculated for each participant and compared among the four study groups.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Mean Full-Mouth Plaque Index (PI)
Plaque Index (PI) will be assessed at six sites per tooth using a four-point scoring system (0-3): 0 = no plaque; 1 = thin plaque deposits; 2 = visible plaque accumulation in masses; and 3 = presence of dental calculus. The mean full-mouth PI score will be calculated by averaging the scores across all examined sites. Higher scores indicate greater plaque and/or calculus accumulation.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Percentage of Sites with Bleeding on Probing (BOP)
Bleeding on probing (BOP) will be assessed during periodontal examination and expressed as the percentage of bleeding sites relative to the total number of examined sites. BOP percentages will be compared among the four study groups.
Time frame: At the time of study enrollment (single time point)
Plan to share: No — Individual participant data will not be publicly shared due to participant confidentiality and ethical considerations.
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Ran from Nov 2024 to primary completion in Mar 2025, 4 months.
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From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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