An observational study in Pain Management, Fibromyalgia and Imagery, Psychotherapy, sponsored by Ufuk University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-20.
Sponsored by Ufuk University · Observational
Aim: To evaluate the effects of adding motor imagery training to exercise on pain, fibromyalgia impact, and kinesiophobia in women with fibromyalgia, and compare imagery ability and kinesiophobia with healthy volunteers.
Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 100 women with fibromyalgia were allocated to exercise alone (n=50) or exercise plus motor imagery training (n=50) for one month. Forty-five healthy volunteers provided baseline comparisons. Outcomes included Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain and global assessment, Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). Baseline imagery ability was assessed using the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20.
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This study's enrollment of 100 is below the median of 119 across 158 observational studies indexed under Agnosia.
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100 female patients aged 18-65 years diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2016 Fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria between May 1, 2021 and May 1, 2026
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Exclusion Criteria:
In the motor imagery training group, an experienced physiotherapist additionally provided motor imagery training comprising internal visual imagery (mentally simulating the visual image of the relevant movement), external visual imagery (performing the relevant movement in front of a mirror), and kinesthetic imagery (mentally simulating the sensation of the relevant movement). During motor imagery training, patients were asked to close their eyes and focus on the training in a quiet environment. During kinesthetic imagery, participants were asked to sense their body parts and mentally simulate the sensation of the relevant movement without any physical body movement. During the visual imagery process, participants watched a standard video recording of the exercises, after which they were asked to mentally simulate a visual representation of the movement without any physical body movement. In addition, patients were asked to perform the relevant movement in front of a mirror.
0-10 cm Visual Analog Scale pain intensity
Time frame: 1 month
0-10 cm Visual Analog Scale global self-assessment
Time frame: 1 month
Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire score
The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) is a questionnaire designed to assess functional limitations and disabilities resulting from fibromyalgia. The questionnaire comprises a total of 21 questions divided into three sections: function, overall impact, and symptoms. Responses to each question are indicated on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. Elevated scores signify a greater fibromyalgia-associated impairment
Time frame: 1 month
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia
The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia is a 17-item self-report scale that assesses fear of movement and re-injury related to pain. Items are scored on a four-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). The total score ranges from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating a higher level of kinesiophobia
Time frame: 1 month
Plan to share: Undecided
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This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Ufuk University