An observational study in Prostate Cancer, sponsored by Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to male participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-16.
Sponsored by Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust · Observational
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men in the United Kingdom (UK) and is the most common cancer in UK prisons. Early diagnosis is vital because treatment is more effective when the disease is detected at an early stage. However, people in prison face significant barriers to healthcare, and little is known about how prostate cancer affects this population. This is concerning, as the prison population is ageing, and men over 50 are at the highest risk of developing prostate cancer. Research shows that prisoners are more likely to be diagnosed with any cancer at a late stage, often through emergency hospital visits, and are less likely to receive timely or curative treatment compared to the general population. Survival rates are also worse. However, there are very little data from the UK describing prostate cancer diagnosis and outcomes in the UK from the prison population, which this study aims to address and compare to a non-prison control group. This project, a collaboration between Oxleas NHS Trust and The Royal Marsden, will test and develop processes for extracting pseudo-anonymised data from the prison population. Using pseudo-anonymous data from prisoner health records in Oxleas NHS Trust, the Research Team will assess prevalence and examine how prostate cancer is diagnosed, the treatments offered, and the survival outcomes. Comparison will be made between the prison findings against UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study (UKGPCS) data about men of a similar age in the non-prison population. Our aim is to understand whether prisoners face delays in diagnosis and worse outcomes, and to assess whether prison-based screening could help. The findings will inform future healthcare research and the development of policies and may support the development of tailored educational resources and screening approaches, ultimately helping to reduce health inequalities and improve outcomes for people in prison.
This study aims to test and develop data collection processes for SystmOne electronic healthcare records at Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust. To use these data collection methods to determine how many people are living with prostate cancer in prison, how prisoners are diagnosed with prostate cancer while in prison, whether they are diagnosed with early or late-stage disease and what are their treatment and survival outcomes. All cases of individuals living with prostate cancer in the Oxleas prison population will be noted. Data will be collected to investigate the parameters below for those diagnosed with prostate cancer during their time (on remand or sentenced) in the Oxleas prison population, as far back as electronic health records allow:
Age at diagnosis, Symptomatic at diagnosis, Mode of detection (emergency admission, GP/primary care, PSA screening), PSA at diagnosis, Prostate cancer stage at diagnosis (TMN), Gleason score at diagnosis, MDT treatment recommendation (curative or non-curative), Treatment modality offered at MDT (AS, RT, Surgery, SACT [Chemo, Hormone therapy, immunotherapy], palliative/ best supportive care, no treatment, other), Treatment modality received by patient (AS, RT, Surgery, SACT [Chemo, Hormone Hormone therapy, immunotherapy], palliative/ best supportive care, no treatment, other), Time until progression (in five-year age bands of year of diagnosis to cover things like reclassification and change in treatment regimens), Five-year survival, Cause of death.
Markers of poor access to cancer screening will also be assessed, such as delayed diagnosis and aggressive disease, such as: Pathology (prostate cancer grade and histology at diagnosis), Time elapsed from date referral received to date patient notified of diagnosis (NG12 suspected cancer pathway referral states this should be within 28 days(18)), Time elapsed from referral and receiving first treatment, Number of appointments cancelled or marked 'Did Not Attend'.
These data will provide novel evidence regarding prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment in prisoners under the care of NHS prisons.
Phase Two; How do the prevalence, PSA at diagnosis, method of diagnosis and treatment outcomes for men diagnosed with prostate cancer while in prison compare to that in the general population? To assess this, the data sets from Phase One will be compared with a general population group, using data from the UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study (UKGPCS) to represent general population data, which will allow us to adjust for age and ethnicity as appropriate. The UKGPCS was established in 1993 and is the largest prostate cancer study in the UK, with data from 16,000 prostate cancer patients. The study is based with this same research team at the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) and The Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH). Participants in UKGPCS are patients diagnosed with prostate cancer and who have consented to genetic testing and the storage of data detailing their diagnosis (including the above parameters extracted from the Oxleas prison population) and the future use of their data by the ICR research team. The control group will be the systematic series collection of data from the UKGPCS data set. One limitation of this study is that the UKGPCS dataset may include self-selection bias, as well as not being representative of the general population in terms of area and ethnicity.
6,484 studies on the registry are indexed under Prostatic Neoplasms; 1,415 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 9,007 is above the median of 200 across 1,200 observational studies indexed under Prostatic Neoplasms.
Browse Prostatic Neoplasms studies →Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust is the lead sponsor of 272 studies on the registry; 52 are open to participants now.
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Men diagnosed with prostate cancer while in the care of His Majesty's Prison Service, are less likely to be diagnosed from screening and more likely to be diagnosed with late-stage disease, compared to that in the general population. In addition they are at risk of less favourable outcomes in terms of curative treatment and survival, compared to the general population.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Pseudo-anonymous data from prostate cancer code-search in the digital health records of:
Prostate cancer diagnosis may be made clinically (based on symptoms, PSA levels and clinical examination) or confirmed with histology. Core data that ideally should be available for inclusion are:
Exclusion criteria
Prevalence, method of diagnosis, stage at diagnosis, outcomes of prostate cancer in the Oxleas NHS prison population
Prevalence statistics from the number of adult men and people with prostates in the prison population under Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, who are identified as living with a diagnosis of prostate cancer. For those who received the diagnosis in prison, data will be collected form their electronic health record to include PSA at diagnosis, method of diagnosis (diagnosed through PSA screening, symptomatic presentation via primary care/2-week-wait referral, emergency presentation), stage and grade at diagnosis and time intervals between referral and diagnosis and treatment received.
Time frame: Electronic health records will be searched from the earliest available to completion of data extraction, anticipated 31 July 2027. Data collection will occur between January 2027 and July 2027.
How does the primary outcome data compare to the general population included in the UKGPCS dataset
Comparison between prostate cancer diagnosis, treatment and outcome data collected from the prison population with age and ethnicity matched individuals in the general population from the UKGPCS dataset, using statistical analysis to present findings.
Time frame: Comparison between data sets and statistical analysis will occur in July and August 2027.
Plan to share: Undecided
Start is estimated for Dec 2026; primary completion for Aug 2027, 8 months later.
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From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Oct 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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