ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07865494Updated Oct 8, 2026

Group Skills Training (DBT vs CBT) for Alexithymia in Young Adult Women

An interventional study of DBT-based Group Skills Training (DBT-GST) and CBT-based Group Skills Training (CBT-GST) in Alexithymia, Anxiety and Interpersonal Problems, sponsored by Atlas University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 25 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-08.

Sponsored by Atlas University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 3 years 2 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jul 2023, registered Oct 2026).
Updated Oct 8, 2026Newly registeredGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
41
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 25 Years
Sex
Female
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 15 studies in Affective Symptoms with a site in Turkey — 4 open to participants now, 5 under way, none of them phase 3. Affective Symptoms · Turkey.

Enrollment
7th of 10
41 · median 65
Started
2023
with 2 others
No phase
10 of 15
2 open now
Registered
15th of 15
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 15
Atlas University

Among the 15 studies in Affective Symptoms with a site in Turkey, this one is the 7th largest by enrollment of the 10 interventional ones, is one of 3 that started in 2023, is one of 10 with no phase, and was the 15th registered.

By phase

15 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phasethis study10 · 2 open
Observational5 · 2 open

By the year they started

First in 2016; this study’s year is marked. 3 started in 2023.

Size and results

Median enrollment 65 across the 10 interventional studies, 70 across the 5 observational. Of the 7 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.

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02

Study summary

This pilot randomized controlled trial examined whether group skills training based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can reduce alexithymia (difficulty identifying and describing emotions), anxiety, and interpersonal problems in young adult women with elevated alexithymia. Forty-one women aged 18-25 were randomly assigned to a DBT skills-training group, a CBT skills-training group, or a waitlist control group. Both active groups attended 12 weekly online group sessions of 90 minutes. Alexithymia, anxiety, interpersonal problems, mindfulness, emotion regulation, interpersonal competence, and distress tolerance were assessed before, midway through, and after the 12-week program. The study aimed to provide preliminary evidence on whether, and how, these two group interventions affect alexithymia and related outcomes.

Read the detailed description

Participants were young adult women (aged 18-25) with alexithymia scores greater than one standard deviation above the sample mean, no current psychological diagnosis, and no ongoing psychotherapy. After screening, 41 eligible participants were randomized to DBT group skills training (n = 14), CBT group skills training (n = 14), or a waitlist control (n = 13). The DBT program delivered orientation, mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness modules; the CBT program addressed automatic thoughts, intermediate and core beliefs, and relapse prevention. Both were delivered online over 12 consecutive weekly 90-minute sessions; the waitlist group received no intervention and completed the same assessments. Outcomes were measured at pre-, mid-, and post-treatment using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-C), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (FFMQ-S), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16), Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire (ICQ), and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Data were analyzed with mixed two-way analyses of variance (group × time). As a completed pilot study, the trial is reported with a completer-based analysis.

03

Conditions studied

  • Alexithymia
  • Anxiety
  • Interpersonal Problems
  • Emotion Regulation

Keywords

  • Dialectical Behavior Therapy
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
  • Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 25 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Female Aged 18-25 years Alexithymia score greater than 1 SD above the sample mean on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) No current psychological diagnosis (self-report) Not currently receiving psychotherapy

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Alexithymia score at or below the sample mean (\< 1 SD above mean) on the TAS-20 Current psychological diagnosis Age outside the 18-25 year range Currently receiving psychotherapy

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
41 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    DBT-GST

    Dialectical Behavior Therapy group skills training delivered online in 12 weekly 90-minute sessions (orientation, mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness modules).

    Behavioral: DBT-based Group Skills Training (DBT-GST)

  • Active comparator
    CBT-GST

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group skills training delivered online in 12 weekly 90-minute sessions (automatic thoughts, intermediate beliefs, core beliefs, and relapse prevention).

    Behavioral: CBT-based Group Skills Training (CBT-GST)

  • No intervention
    Waitlist Control

    Participants received no intervention and completed the same assessments at the same time points as the active groups.

Interventions

  • BehavioralDBT-based Group Skills Training (DBT-GST)

    A group skills-training program based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy, delivered in weekly 90-minute sessions over 12 weeks. Modules included mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness skills, adapted for young adult women with high alexithymia.

  • BehavioralCBT-based Group Skills Training (CBT-GST)

    A group skills-training program based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, delivered in weekly 90-minute sessions over 12 weeks. Content focused on cognitive restructuring, psychoeducation about emotions, behavioral strategies, and coping skills, adapted for young adult women with high alexithymia.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale, TAS-20)

    Alexithymia was measured with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), a 5-point Likert self-report scale; higher scores indicate greater alexithymia. Change across time points was assessed.

    Time frame: Baseline (pre-treatment), mid-treatment (Week 6), and post-treatment (Week 12)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI)

    21-item self-report scale; higher scores indicate greater anxiety.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

  2. Change in interpersonal problems (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, IIP-C)

    Self-report scale of interpersonal difficulties; higher scores indicate more problems.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

  3. Change in emotion regulation difficulties (DERS-16)

    16-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form; higher scores indicate greater difficulties.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

  4. Change in mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, FFMQ-S)

    Self-report mindfulness scale; higher scores indicate greater mindfulness.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

  5. Change in interpersonal competence (Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire, ICQ)

    Self-report scale; higher scores indicate greater interpersonal competence.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

  6. Change in distress tolerance (Distress Tolerance Scale, DTS)

    Self-report scale; higher scores indicate greater distress tolerance.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 6, and Week 12

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf University
    Istanbul, Üsküdar, Turkey (Türkiye)
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Deidentified individual participant data underlying the published results will be made available to qualified researchers on reasonable request.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan

Time frame: Beginning 9 months and ending 3 years following article publication.

Access criteria: Requests should be directed to the corresponding author and will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. Data sharing is subject to ethical approval and a data use/transfer agreement.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jul 2023 to primary completion in Sep 2023, 2 months.

Of 44 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Affective Symptoms, half reached primary completion within 21 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 40. This study's 2 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 44 studies reached it within 21 months; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 40.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 3, 2026
First posted
Oct 8, 2026
StartActual
Jul 12, 2023
Primary completionActual
Sep 27, 2023
CompletionActual
Sep 27, 2023
Last update
Oct 8, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Registered
First appeared on the registry. No changes since
Oct 8, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Oct 8, 2026
    First appeared on the registry

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07865494
Lead sponsor
Atlas University
Responsible party
Gulsen Karaman (Asst. Professor, Atlas University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 8, 2026
Start date
Jul 12, 2023
Primary completion
Sep 27, 2023
Completion
Sep 27, 2023
Last update
Oct 8, 2026

Study contacts

F. Işıl Bilican Yurteri, PhD
principal investigator · Istanbul Medeniyet University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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