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Not yet recruitingNCT07848477PROMOTEUpdated Sep 30, 2026

PROMOTE: Effects of 5-HT4 Agonism on Cognition and Sleep in Peopl With Low Mood

An interventional study of Prucalopride and Placebo Comparator in Low Mood and Depression - Major Depressive Disorder, sponsored by University of Oxford. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-30.

Sponsored by University of Oxford · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Serotonin is a chemical in the brain that plays an important role in mood, sleep, and other functions. It works by attaching to different types of serotonin receptors on brain cells. These receptors act like "locks", with serotonin acting like a "key". Different types of serotonin receptors have different effects in the brain.

Prucalopride is a licensed medication used to treat constipation. It acts on a particular serotonin receptor, called the serotonin 4 receptor. Researchers are interested in this receptor because understanding how it works in the brain may help us learn more about depression and could contribute to the development of new treatments in the future.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of prucalopride in people experiencing low mood. We will compare prucalopride with a placebo (a treatment with no active medication) to find out whether activating the serotonin 4 receptor affects sleep and aspects of thinking, including memory, attention and decision making.

Read the detailed description

Cognitive symptoms are common in depression and can persist even when other symptoms of depression have improved (1). These difficulties can include impairments in memory, attention and executive function, and there remains a need for treatments that specifically target cognitive dysfunction associated with depression.

Evidence from preclinical and human experimental studies suggests that activation of the serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT4R) may represent a potential therapeutic approach for targeting cognitive symptoms in depression (2). The 5-HT4R is expressed in brain regions involved in learning and memory, and experimental studies have investigated whether selective activation of this receptor can influence cognitive processes relevant to depression.

Prucalopride is a selective 5-HT4R agonist. In previous human experimental studies, we have found evidence that prucalopride can influence cognitive processes, including learning and memory, in healthy volunteers and people who have recovered from depression (3,4). The present study extends this work by investigating the cognitive effects of prucalopride in people who are currently experiencing low mood.

The study will use an experimental medicine approach to examine the effects of 5-HT4R activation on cognitive processes relevant to depression. In addition, the study will investigate the effect of prucalopride on sleep architecture. Sleep will be assessed in the home environment using wearable chest patches capable of sleep staging.

The study will provide proof-of-concept evidence regarding the effects of 5-HT4R activation on cognition and sleep in people experiencing low mood. These data will inform the design and feasibility of a future randomised controlled trial evaluating prucalopride in people with depression and cognitive impairment.

1) Conradi HJ, Ormel J, de Jonge P. Presence of individual (residual) symptoms during depressive episodes and periods of remission: a 3-year prospective study. Psychol Med. 2011 Jun;41(6):1165-74. doi: 10.1017/S0033291710001911. Epub 2010 Oct 8. PMID: 20932356.

(2) Murphy SE, de Cates AN, Gillespie AL, Godlewska BR, Scaife JC, Wright LC, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Translating the promise of 5HT4 receptor agonists for the treatment of depression. Psychol Med. 2021 May;51(7):1111-1120. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720000604. Epub 2020 Apr 3. PMID: 32241310; PMCID: PMC8188527.

(3) Murphy SE, Wright LC, Browning M, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. A role for 5-HT4 receptors in human learning and memory. Psychol Med. 2020 Dec;50(16):2722-2730. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002836. Epub 2019 Oct 16. PMID: 31615585.

(4) de Cates AN, Wright LC, Martens MAG, Gibson D, Türkmen C, Filippini N, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ, Murphy SE. Déjà-vu? Neural and behavioural effects of the 5-HT4 receptor agonist, prucalopride, in a hippocampal-dependent memory task. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 4;11(1):497. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01568-4. PMID: 34602607; PMCID: PMC8488034

02

Conditions studied

  • Low Mood
  • Depression - Major Depressive Disorder

Keywords

  • Low Mood
  • Cognition
  • Sleep
  • Depression
  • prucalopride
  • 5-HT4 receptor
  • cognitive function
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged between 18-65
  • Male or female
  • Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the research
  • Body mass index in the range of 18-35 inclusive
  • Current PHQ-9 score in the range of 9-15

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any current or previous episode of a severe mental illness, other than Depressive Disorder. Comorbid Anxiety disorders will be allowed, but not OCD or PTSD.
  • A first degree relative diagnosed with Bipolar Affective Disorder Type 1 or Schizophrenia
  • Body Mass Index outside the range of 18 to 35 inclusive
  • Any significant current medical condition likely to interfere with conduct of the study or analysis of data
  • Current use of psychoactive and / or medically significant medication as judged by a study medic, whether prescribed or bought over the counter (the contraceptive pill, the Depo-Provera injection or the progesterone implant will not result in exclusion)
  • Ongoing psychopharmacological treatment for depression, including hypnotics (psychotherapy will be allowed as long as not newly-started in the last 6 weeks)
  • High consumption of illicit substances to an extent that would make complying with study protocol challenging (including alcohol, caffeine, nicotine)
  • Past history of dependence to illicit substances, and any consumption of illicit substances in the three months prior to the study
  • Currently pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breast feeding
  • Current, or a significant history of, gastro-intestinal disorder or irritable bowel syndrome
  • Known lactase deficiency or any other problem absorbing lactose, galactose, or glucose
  • Participation in a study that involves the use of a medication or novel vaccine within the last three months
  • Participation in a study using the same tasks in the last year
  • Any physical (including visual and auditory) or language impairment that would make complying with the study protocol challenging, including yellow/blue colourblindness
  • A head injury causing concussion or loss of consciousness within the last six months
  • Moderate to high risk of suicide or self-harm
  • Participant who is unlikely to comply with the clinical study protocol or is unsuitable for any other reason, in the opinion of the Chief Investigator.

Additional Exclusion Criteria for Participants in the Sleep Study Cohort:

  • Unable to undergo cardiac monitoring
  • Unable to wear the sleep patch device for full monitoring period
  • Implanted neurostimulator or pacemaker
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
60 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Prucalopride

    Participants will receive daily oral prucalopride for 14 days.

    Drug: Prucalopride

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Participants will receive daily oral placebo for 14 days.

    Drug: Placebo Comparator

Interventions

  • DrugPrucalopride

    Prucalopride will be administered orally once daily for 14 days. Participants will receive 1 mg once daily on Days 1-2 and 2 mg once daily on Days 3-14.

  • DrugPlacebo Comparator

    A matching placebo (lactose) will be administered orally once daily for 14 days. Participants will take one placebo capsule on Days 1-2 and two placebo capsules on Days 3-14, matching the dosing schedule of the prucalopride intervention.

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT)

    Verbal learning and memory will be assessed using the Auditory Verbal Learning Test, including measures of immediate recall, delayed recall, and recognition memory. AVLT performance will be compared between prucalopride and placebo groups following the intervention.

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Sleep outcomes measured using wearable sleep monitoring

    Sleep will be assessed using a wearable chest patch in a subset of participants (n=20 total, 10 per intervention group). Measures will include sleep duration, sleep quality and sleep staging. Sleep outcomes will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline (Day 0) and Days 1-4 of the intervention

  2. Digit Span Task

    Maximum digit span will be assessed as a measure of working memory and compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups

    Time frame: Baseline and Day 14 (post-intervention)

  3. Emotional Go/No-Go (EGNG)

    Inhibitory control will be assessed using the EGNG task, including measures of commission errors, omission errors, and reaction time. Performance will be compared between prucalopride and placebo groups follwing the intervention.

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

  4. Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task (PRL)

    Cognitive flexibility and reward-based learning will be assessed using the PRL task, including measures such as response accuracy, reversal errors, and sensitivity to reward and punishment. Performance will be compared between prucalopride and placebo groups following the intervention.

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

  5. Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST)

    Pattern separation and recognition memory will be assessed using the MST. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups following the intervention.

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

  6. Serial Addition Task (SAT)

    Working memory will be assessed using the SAT. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups following the intervention

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

  7. Matrix Span Task

    Visual working memory assessed using the Matrix Span Task, administered remotely via the NeuroUX app. Performance (accuracy/reaction time) will be compared between prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and Days 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 13 of the 14-day intervention.

  8. Variable Difficulty List Memory Test (VDLMT)

    Verbal learning and recognition memory will be assessed using the VDLMT, administered remotely via the NeuroUX app. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and Days 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12 and 14 of the 14-day intervention.

  9. N-Back Test

    Working memory will be assessed using the 2-back version of the N-back task, administered remotely via the NeuroUX app. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and Days 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13 and 14 of the 14-day intervention.

  10. Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST)

    Processing speed will be assessed using the DSST, administered remotely via the NeuroUX app. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and Days 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 13 of the 14-day intervention.

  11. Quick Tap 2 Test

    Response inhibition will be assessed using the Quick Tap 2 test, a go/no-go task administered remotely via the NeuroUX app. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and Days 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12 and 14 of the 14-day intervention.

  12. Paired Associates Learning (PAL)

    Verbal associative and episodic memory will be assessed using the PAL task. Performance will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Day 14 (post-intervention)

Other outcomes

  1. State Subjective Cognition Scale (SSCS)

    Subjective cognitive functioning will be assessed using the State Subjective Cognition Scale (SSCS). Responses will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and daily during the 14-day intervention.

  2. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

    Positive and negative affect will be assessed using the PANAS. Scores will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline and daily during the 14-day intervention.

  3. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)

    Depressive symptoms will be assessed using the PHQ-9. Scores will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline, Day 7 and Day 14 of the intervention

  4. Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ)

    Subjective cognitive difficulties will be assessed using the PDQ. Scores will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline, Day 7 and Day 14 of the intervention

  5. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)

    Anxiety symptoms will be assessed using the GAD-7. Scores will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline, Day 7 and Day 14 of the intervention.

  6. Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS)

    Anticipatory and consummatory pleasure will be assessed using the TEPS. Scores will be compared between the prucalopride and placebo groups.

    Time frame: Baseline, Day 7 and Day 14 of the intervention.

06

Study locations

1 site
  • Warneford Hospital
    Oxford, Oxfordshire OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
07

References and documents

Publications

  • De Giorgi R, Waters S, Gillespie AL, Quinton AMG, Colwell MJ, Murphy SE, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Effects of 28-day simvastatin administration on emotional processing, reward learning, working memory, and salivary cortisol in healthy participants at-risk for depression: OxSTEP, an online experimental medicine trial. Psychol Med. 2025 May 22;55:e155. doi: 10.1017/S0033291725001187. PubMed 40400441 ↗
  • Colwell MJ, Tagomori H, Chapman S, Gillespie AL, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ, Murphy SE. Pharmacological targeting of cognitive impairment in depression: recent developments and challenges in human clinical research. Transl Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 17;12(1):484. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-02249-6. PubMed 36396622 ↗
  • Ahern E, White J, Slattery E. Change in Cognitive Function over the Course of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev. 2025 Mar;35(1):1-34. doi: 10.1007/s11065-023-09629-9. Epub 2024 Feb 5. PubMed 38315296 ↗
  • de Cates AN, Harmer CJ, Harrison PJ, Cowen PJ, Emmanuel A, Travis S, Murphy SE, Taquet M. Association between a selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist and incidence of major depressive disorder: emulated target trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2024 Sep;225(3):371-378. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2024.97. PubMed 39109752 ↗
  • Singh S, Strong R, Xu I, Fonseca LM, Hawks Z, Grinspoon E, Jung L, Li F, Weinstock RS, Sliwinski MJ, Chaytor NS, Germine LT. Ecological Momentary Assessment of Cognition in Clinical and Community Samples: Reliability and Validity Study. J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jun 2;25:e45028. doi: 10.2196/45028. PubMed 37266996 ↗
  • de Cates AN, Wright LC, Martens MAG, Gibson D, Turkmen C, Filippini N, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ, Murphy SE. Deja-vu? Neural and behavioural effects of the 5-HT4 receptor agonist, prucalopride, in a hippocampal-dependent memory task. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 4;11(1):497. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01568-4. PubMed 34602607 ↗
  • Murphy SE, Wright LC, Browning M, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. A role for 5-HT4 receptors in human learning and memory. Psychol Med. 2020 Dec;50(16):2722-2730. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719002836. Epub 2019 Oct 16. PubMed 31615585 ↗
  • Murphy SE, de Cates AN, Gillespie AL, Godlewska BR, Scaife JC, Wright LC, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Translating the promise of 5HT4 receptor agonists for the treatment of depression. Psychol Med. 2021 May;51(7):1111-1120. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720000604. Epub 2020 Apr 3. PubMed 32241310 ↗
  • Conradi HJ, Ormel J, de Jonge P. Presence of individual (residual) symptoms during depressive episodes and periods of remission: a 3-year prospective study. Psychol Med. 2011 Jun;41(6):1165-74. doi: 10.1017/S0033291710001911. Epub 2010 Oct 8. PubMed 20932356 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Anonymised individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in publications arising from this study will be available to researchers upon request, subject to appropriate ethical, data protection and institutional requirements

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07848477
Lead sponsor
University of Oxford
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 30, 2026
Start date
Oct 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Jul 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Jul 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 30, 2026

Study contacts

Susannah Murphy, PhD
Contact
susannah.murphy@psych.ox.ac.uk
+441865618313
Finley T Watton, MBiomedSci Neurosciences
Contact
finley.watton@psych.ox.ac.uk
+447593941882
Susannah E Murphy, DPhil
principal investigator · Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
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