ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07677228TELEROCUpdated Jun 30, 2026

Telerehabilitation Versus Home-Based Jaw Exercises in Temporomandibular Disorder With Bruxism

An interventional study of Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises and Home-based Rocabado exercises in Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism, sponsored by Mehmet Turgut. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years to 60 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-30.

Sponsored by Mehmet Turgut · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Dec 2023, registered Jun 2026).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 60 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 150 studies in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders with a site in Turkey — 27 open to participants now, 28 under way, none of them phase 3. Temporomandibular Joint Disorders · Turkey.

Enrollment
46th of 80
40 · median 45
Started
2023
with 23 others
No phase
76 of 150
13 open now
Registered
142nd of 150
by date

Among the 150 studies in Temporomandibular Joint Disorders with a site in Turkey, this one is the 46th largest by enrollment of the 80 interventional ones, is one of 24 that started in 2023, is one of 76 with no phase, and was the 142nd registered.

By phase

150 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phasethis study76 · 13 open
Observational70 · 14 open
Phase 43 · 0 open
Phase 1/21 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 2011; this study’s year is marked. 24 started in 2023.

Size and results

Median enrollment 45 across the 80 interventional studies, 78 across the 70 observational. Of the 114 that completed or were terminated, 4 (4%) have results posted.

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02

Study summary

This study looked at whether jaw exercises (the Rocabado exercise programme) work better when delivered through supervised online video sessions than when done at home with written instructions alone, in adults who have jaw-joint pain (temporomandibular disorder) together with teeth grinding (bruxism). Thirty adults were randomly placed into one of two groups. Both groups were taught the same exercises and asked to do them twice a day for four weeks. One group also took part in supervised video sessions three times a week, where a physiotherapist watched their exercises and gave feedback; the other group used printed exercise leaflets with weekly text-message reminders. The researchers measured jaw pain, how wide participants could open their mouth, jaw movement, stress, sleep quality and oral habits before treatment, after two weeks and after four weeks, to see which approach gave better results.

Read the detailed description

This single-centre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University. Participants who met the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for myofascial temporomandibular disorder with concurrent bruxism were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio using a computer-generated simple randomisation sequence. Allocation was concealed using sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes that were opened only after enrolment. The outcome assessor was blinded to group allocation; participants were not blinded owing to the nature of the intervention. Both groups received identical initial face-to-face training in the Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme and were instructed to perform the exercises twice daily for four weeks. The telerehabilitation group additionally received supervised video sessions, whereas the comparator group followed the programme at home with printed materials and reminders only. Assessments were performed in person at baseline, at week 2 (mid-treatment) and at week 4 (post-treatment). The sample size was estimated using G*Power, and data were analysed with within-group and between-group statistical comparisons.

03

Conditions studied

  • Temporomandibular Disorders, Bruxism

Keywords

  • Telerehabilitation, Temporomandibular disorders, Bruxism, Rocabado exercises, Myofascial pain, Exercise therapy, Telemedicine, Physiotherap
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 60 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults aged 18-60 years
  • Diagnosis of myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) with bruxism according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)
  • Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score ≥ 3
  • No medical treatment for TMD in the preceding 6 months
  • Access to a smartphone with internet connectivity
  • Turkish literacy and communication ability

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Active orthodontic or splint treatment
  • History of temporomandibular joint surgery
  • Systemic inflammatory disease
  • Pregnancy
  • Major psychiatric disorders
  • Neurological deficits in the cervical region
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
40 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Telerehabilitation group

    Participants received supervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise training through video sessions delivered via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback, in addition to performing the Rocabado exercises at home twice daily for four weeks.

    Behavioral: Telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises

  • Active comparator
    Home exercise group

    Participants performed the same Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions.

    Behavioral: Home-based Rocabado exercises

Interventions

  • BehavioralTelerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises

    Supervised Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme delivered through video sessions via WhatsApp three times per week, with real-time physiotherapist feedback on exercise performance and technique, performed in addition to twice-daily home Rocabado exercises for four weeks.

  • BehavioralHome-based Rocabado exercises

    Rocabado 6×6 exercise programme performed at home twice daily for four weeks, supported by printed exercise brochures and weekly SMS reminders, without supervised video sessions or physiotherapist feedback.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale)

    Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), scored from 0 to 10 cm, for morning pain, pain during chewing (mastication) and night pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain.

    Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)

  2. Maximum mouth opening

    Maximum mouth opening measured in millimetres using a digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan); the mean of three consecutive measurements was recorded.

    Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Temporomandibular joint range of motion

    Active and passive maximum mouth opening, right and left lateral movements, and protrusion measured in millimetres using a digital calliper (Mitutoyo, Japan).

    Time frame: Baseline, week 2 (mid-treatment) and week 4 (post-treatment)

  2. TMD severity (Fonseca Anamnestic Index)

    Severity of temporomandibular disorder assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (0-100 points); higher scores indicate greater severity.

    Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)

  3. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale)

    Perceived stress assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), scored from 0 to 40; higher scores indicate greater perceived stress.

    Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)

  4. Sleep quality (Jenkins Sleep Scale)

    Sleep quality assessed using the Jenkins Sleep Scale, scored from 0 to 20; higher scores indicate poorer sleep quality.

    Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)

  5. Oral parafunctional habits (Oral Behaviours Checklist)

    Oral parafunctional habits assessed using the Oral Behaviours Checklist (OBC), scored from 0 to 40; higher scores indicate more frequent oral parafunctional behaviours.

    Time frame: Baseline and week 4 (post-treatment)

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Faculty of Dentistry
    Nevşehir, Nevşehir Province 50300, Turkey (Türkiye)
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Turgut T. Effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based Rocabado exercises compared to home-based Rocabado exercises in myofascial temporomandibular dysfunctions accompanied by bruxism [master's thesis]. Nevşehir: Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University; 2024.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Individual participant data are not made publicly available. De-identified data generated and analysed during the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request, subject to institutional and ethical approval.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Dec 2023 to primary completion in Jul 2024, 7 months.

Of 242 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, half reached primary completion within 11 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 21. This study's 7 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 246 studies reached it within 10 months; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 21.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 24, 2026
First posted
Jun 30, 2026
StartActual
Dec 15, 2023
Primary completionActual
Jul 20, 2024
CompletionActual
Jul 20, 2024
Last update
Jun 30, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 30, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07677228
Lead sponsor
Mehmet Turgut
Responsible party
Mehmet Turgut (Prof. Dr. Mehmet Turgut, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jun 30, 2026
Start date
Dec 15, 2023
Primary completion
Jul 20, 2024
Completion
Jul 20, 2024
Last update
Jun 30, 2026

Study contacts

Taha Turgut, Msc. PT.
principal investigator · Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University
Mehmet Turgut
principal investigator · Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University
Nevin Ergun
study director · Sanko University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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