An observational study in Psychosomatic Symptoms and Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD), sponsored by Bahria University. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Pakistan. Open to participants aged 20 Years to 60 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-18.
Sponsored by Bahria University · Observational
Temporomandibular joint disorder poses an intricate etiology. Biomechanical, neuromuscular and psychosocial factors may contribute to the disorder among which psychological and psychosocial disturbances have shown strong direct or indirect contribution to the disease especially when the pain is of muscular origin.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are defined as the group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that involves temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles, and their associated structures (1). Clinically, TMDs are characterized by jaw pain, mandibular movement limitation, joint sounds, and often referred pain in the head, neck, or shoulders region (2). The myofascial pain, a subtype of TMD, is most prevalent condition and it accounts for approximately 50% of all TMD cases in clinical settings (3). Although it's a prevalent condition, but its complex aetiology makes it difficult to diagnose (4).
591 studies on the registry are indexed under Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; 149 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 300 is above the median of 91 across 165 observational studies indexed under Temporomandibular Joint Disorders.
Browse Temporomandibular Joint Disorders studies →Bahria University is the lead sponsor of 36 studies on the registry; 11 are open to participants now.
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Temporomandibular joint dysfunction patient
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diagnosed patients with myofascial pain and TMD for at least six months based on Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD), Axis I, age between 20 and 60 years, literate and able to comprehend the questionnaire no prior psychological treatment for pain.
Exclusion Criteria:
age \<20 or >60 years, low literacy (less than five years of formal education), history of major psychiatric or neurological disorders, diagnosed joint pathologies (e.g., arthritis, disc displacement with reduction), history of migraine or facial trauma, drug dependency and pregnancy or current use of psychotropic medication.
A total of 300 participants aged between 20 and 60 years were recruited using survivor sampling, consisting of 150 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of myofascial pain and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) and 150 age- and gender-matched healthy controls
Other: Casr
A total of 300 participants aged between 20 and 60 years were recruited using survivor sampling, consisting of 150 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of myofascial pain and temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) and 150 age- and gender-matched healthy controls
Other: Casr
case study participants
Psychosomatic symptom burden
Psychosomatic symptom burden is defined as the overall severity and frequency of physical symptoms that are influenced or maintained by psychological factors. It will be assessed using a validated self-report questionnaire that captures multiple somatic symptom domains (e.g., pain, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and fatigue-related symptoms). Higher scores indicate a greater psychosomatic symptom burden.
Time frame: 2 months
Plan to share: Yes
Supporting information: Study protocol, Informed consent form, Clinical study report
Time frame: jan 2026-Dec2026
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Mar 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Temporomandibular Joint Disorders →
Bahria University