An observational study in Upper Limb Disability, sponsored by Bahria University. Recruiting at 1 site in Pakistan. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-14.
Sponsored by Bahria University · Observational
This study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Urdu version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for individuals with upper limb disabilities. Since no validated Urdu version currently exists, Urdu-speaking patients face communication barriers that may lead to inaccurate assessment and limited clinical decision-making. By ensuring semantic equivalence through forward-backward translation and expert review, the study seeks to develop a version that is both linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate.
This study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Urdu version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for individuals with upper limb disabilities. Since no validated Urdu version currently exists, Urdu-speaking patients face communication barriers that may lead to inaccurate assessment and limited clinical decision-making. By ensuring semantic equivalence through forward-backward translation and expert review, the study seeks to develop a version that is both linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate.
A cross-sectional research design will be used, involving adults aged 18-45 years diagnosed with upper limb functional limitations. Participants will complete both the Urdu and English DASH questionnaires to evaluate reliability and validity. Reliability will be assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest stability (ICC), while validity will be examined using expert scoring (CVI) and correlation with the original instrument. Data analysis will follow standard psychometric testing procedures using SPSS.
The expected outcome is a reliable, valid tool for assessing upper extremity disability in Urdu-speaking populations. This will improve clinical assessment, enhance patient communication, and support broader inclusion in rehabilitation research and practice.
Bahria University is the lead sponsor of 36 studies on the registry; 11 are open to participants now.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Patients with upper limb disability or pain for more than 4 weeks
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Diagnosed with any upper limb disability or deformity . Able to read, understand and speak Urdu. Individuals with symptoms enduring for at least one week .
Exclusion Criteria:
Cognitive impairment or psychiatric illness that hinders understanding of the questionnaire.
Patients with congenital deformities. Refusal to give .
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Data will be collected from experienced physiotherpist
Other: All participants (Aviane) · Other: data collection
Data will be collected from patients having upper limb pain or disability
Data will be collected from patients having upper limb pain or disbility
reliability and validity
To assess the reliability and validity of the Urdu version of the DASH Questionnaire.
Time frame: December 2025 to January 2026
cultural adaptation
To ensure the cultural adaptation, response of the patient and to compare the results of DASH Questionnaire Urdu version with English version of DASH Questionnaire.
Time frame: October 2025 to November2025
Plan to share: No
Ran from Nov 2025 to primary completion in Dec 2025, 1 month.
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Bahria University