CClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT07136649Updated Aug 22, 2025

Custom CAD/CAM Insoles for Plantar Pressure Improvement in Foot Deformities

An interventional study of Custom CAD/CAM Insoles in Foot Deformities, Orthotic Device and 3D Printing, sponsored by Fenerbahce University. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-08-22.

Sponsored by Fenerbahce University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
30
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This randomized controlled trial will investigate the effects of custom CAD/CAM insoles on plantar pressure distribution and gait parameters in individuals with foot deformities, such as pes planus, pes cavus, and hallux valgus. A total of 30 participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, receiving custom CAD/CAM insoles, or the control group, receiving no insole intervention.

Plantar pressure measurements will be performed using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System at baseline and after eight weeks. Static and dynamic plantar pressure variables, contact area, and center of pressure displacement will be assessed, along with gait parameters including step length, step time, and walking speed.

The results of this study may contribute to the development of effective conservative treatment strategies to improve foot biomechanics and reduce pressure-related complications in individuals with foot deformities.

Read the detailed description

This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the impact of custom CAD/CAM insoles on plantar pressure distribution and gait parameters in individuals with clinically diagnosed foot deformities. Thirty eligible participants, aged 18-65 years, will be randomly assigned to one of two groups:

Intervention Group: Participants will receive custom-designed CAD/CAM insoles based on 3D plantar scans and pedobarographic analysis.

Control Group: Participants will not receive insole intervention during the eight-week study period.

Baseline assessments will include demographic data, anthropometric foot measurements, and pedobarographic analysis using the As200 Gait Scan System. The intervention group will be instructed to use the custom insoles daily for eight consecutive weeks, while the control group will maintain their usual footwear without insoles.

After eight weeks, all participants will undergo the same measurement procedures. Primary outcome measures will include maximum and mean plantar pressures, contact area, and center of pressure displacement. Secondary outcomes will include step length, step time, walking speed, and regional pressure distribution across foot segments.

Data analysis will be conducted using repeated-measures statistical models to evaluate time × group effects, with significance set at p \< 0.05. The study will be conducted at the Kale Prosthetics and Orthotics Center between September and November 2025, following approval from the Fenerbahçe University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee.

02

Conditions studied

  • Foot Deformities
  • Orthotic Device
  • 3D Printing
  • CAD

Keywords

  • Custom CAD/CAM Insoles
  • Pes Planus
  • Pes Planovalgus
  • Pes Cavus
  • Pedobarography
  • Plantar Pressure
  • 3D Printing
  • Orthotics
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults aged 18-65 years
  • Clinically diagnosed with a foot deformity (e.g., pes planus, pes cavus, hallux valgus)
  • Able to use custom insoles for at least six months
  • Able to stand and walk for pedobarographic measurements
  • Willing to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of neurological or systemic diseases affecting foot function (e.g., diabetic neuropathy)
  • History of lower extremity surgery in the last six months
  • Severe musculoskeletal conditions impairing sensorimotor function
  • Any condition preventing compliance with insole use
  • Contraindications for participating in gait or pressure measurements
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
30 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Custom CAD/CAM Insole Group

    Participants in this group will receive custom CAD/CAM insoles designed based on 3D plantar scans and pedobarographic analysis. The insoles will be fitted into their regular footwear and used daily for eight consecutive weeks.

    Device: Custom CAD/CAM Insoles

  • No intervention
    Control Group (No Insole Intervention)

    Participants in this group will not receive any insole intervention during the eight-week study period and will continue using their usual footwear.

Interventions

  • DeviceCustom CAD/CAM Insoles

    Custom insoles will be designed using 3D plantar scanning and pedobarographic analysis, produced with CAD/CAM technology. The insoles will be fitted into participants' regular footwear and worn daily for eight consecutive weeks. The design aims to optimize plantar pressure distribution and improve foot biomechanics in individuals with foot deformities.

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Maximum Plantar Pressure

    Maximum plantar pressure (kPa) measured under static and dynamic conditions using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  2. Mean Plantar Pressure

    Mean plantar pressure (kPa) measured under static and dynamic conditions using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  3. Plantar Contact Area

    Plantar contact area (cm²) measured under static and dynamic conditions using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  4. Center of Pressure (COP) Displacement

    Center of pressure (COP) displacement (mm) measured under static and dynamic conditions using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Step Length

    Step length (cm) assessed using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System under dynamic walking conditions.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention

  2. Step Time

    Step time (ms) assessed using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System under dynamic walking conditions.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention

  3. Walking Speed

    Walking speed (m/s) assessed using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System under dynamic walking conditions.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  4. Regional Pressure Distribution

    Plantar pressure distribution by foot regions (kPa) assessed using the As200 Gait Scan Pedobarography System.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

Other outcomes

  1. Arch Height

    Arch height (cm) measured using a digital caliper and measuring tape.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  2. Navicular Drop

    Navicular drop (mm) measured using a digital caliper and measuring tape.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

  3. Hallux Valgus Angle

    Hallux valgus angle (degrees) measured using a goniometer.

    Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks after intervention.

06

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07136649
Lead sponsor
Fenerbahce University
Responsible party
Başar Öztürk (Associate Professor, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (English), Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahçe University, Fenerbahce University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 22, 2025
Start date
Sep 1, 2025 (estimated)
Primary completion
Nov 15, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Nov 30, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 22, 2025

Study contacts

BAŞAR ÖZTÜRK, Assoc. Prof.
Contact
basar.ozturk@fbu.edu.tr
+905370150630
Baha Naci, PhD
Contact
baha.naci@fbu.edu.tr
+905364664390

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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