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CompletedNCT06897852Updated Mar 27, 2025

Accuracy of Photogrammetric Three-Dimensional Facial Models Reconstruction Compared With Direct Anthropometry

An observational study in Dental Malocclusion, Diagnosis and Facial Asymmetry, sponsored by Al-Azhar University. Completed at 1 site in Egypt. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-03-27.

Sponsored by Al-Azhar University · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
50
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 14 studies in Malocclusion by Al-Azhar University — 6 open to participants now, 8 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Malocclusion · Al-Azhar University.

Started
2024
with 1 other
Observational
4 of 14
2 open now
Registered
6th of 14
by date

Among the 14 studies in Malocclusion by Al-Azhar University, this one is one of 2 that started in 2024, is one of 4 observational ones, and was the 6th registered.

By phase

14 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phase9 · 3 open
Observationalthis study4 · 2 open
Phase 31 · 1 open

By the year they started

First in 2016; this study’s year is marked. 2 started in 2024.

What they test

Size and results

Median enrollment 20 across the 10 interventional studies, 40 across the 4 observational. Of the 4 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 14 studies in Malocclusion by Al-Azhar University, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Accuracy of Two Different Photogrammetric Software for Three Dimensional Facial Model Reconstructions Compared with Direct Facial Anthropometry.

03

Conditions studied

  • Dental Malocclusion
  • Diagnosis
  • Facial Asymmetry

Keywords

  • facial scanning
  • photogrammetry
  • facial anthropometry
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

This study will be carried out on fifty volunteers, selected from outpatient clinic at Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch; aged 18 years or older.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Participants aged 18 or older

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of:

    1. Extensive facial hair (beards).
    2. Significant facial defects.
    3. Surgical scars.
    4. Neuromuscular disorders that may hinder stability of head during image acquisition.
    5. Accessories that could interfere with image acquisition.
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
50 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Direct facial anthropometry group
  • first photogrammetric software group
  • second photogrammetric software group
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Linear Measurements

    * A 3D model was generated for each volunteer using photogrammetry software. Anthropometric linear measurements was taken using a digital caliper, and photogrammetric linear measurements was extracted from the 3D model. * Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the participants' faces to scale the 3D model to actual metric dimensions. Unit of Measure: millimeters(mm)

    Time frame: Baseline (procedure)

  2. Accuracy of Photogrammetry in Generating 3D Facial Models - Angular Measurements

    * This outcome measure focuses on the accuracy of photogrammetry in capturing and reproducing angular measurements of facial features. * Volunteers' 3D facial models were generated using photogrammetry software from multiple photos. * Two LEGO® blocks with uniform dimensions were attached to the forehead and cheek for scaling and reference. Angular measurements, based on these blocks, were extracted from the 3D model. The measurements were compared to validate the method's precision in reproducing angular dimensions. Unit of Measure: Degrees (°)

    Time frame: Baseline (procedure)

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University
    Assiut, Egypt
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Bradley E, Shelton A, Hodge T, Morris D, Bekker H, Fletcher S, Barber S. Patient-reported experience and outcomes from orthodontic treatment. J Orthod. 2020 Jun;47(2):107-115. doi: 10.1177/1465312520904377. Epub 2020 Feb 29. PubMed 32116083 ↗
  • Sarver DM. Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015 Sep;148(3):380-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.04.030. PubMed 26321335 ↗
  • Mohan A, Sivakumar A, Nalabothu P. Evaluation of accuracy and reliability of OneCeph digital cephalometric analysis in comparison with manual cephalometric analysis-a cross-sectional study. BDJ Open. 2021 Jun 17;7(1):22. doi: 10.1038/s41405-021-00077-2. PubMed 34140466 ↗
  • Kamburoglu K. Use of dentomaxillofacial cone beam computed tomography in dentistry. World J Radiol. 2015 Jun 28;7(6):128-30. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v7.i6.128. PubMed 26120381 ↗
  • Jain S, Choudhary K, Nagi R, Shukla S, Kaur N, Grover D. New evolution of cone-beam computed tomography in dentistry: Combining digital technologies. Imaging Sci Dent. 2019 Sep;49(3):179-190. doi: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.3.179. Epub 2019 Sep 24. PubMed 31583200 ↗
  • Mao WY, Lei J, Lim LZ, Gao Y, Tyndall DA, Fu K. Comparison of radiographical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of intraosseous jaw lesions on panoramic radiographs and CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021 Feb 1;50(2):20200165. doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20200165. Epub 2020 Sep 17. PubMed 32941743 ↗
  • Struck R, Cordoni S, Aliotta S, Perez-Pachon L, Groning F. Application of Photogrammetry in Biomedical Science. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1120:121-130. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-06070-1_10. PubMed 30919299 ↗
  • Heike CL, Upson K, Stuhaug E, Weinberg SM. 3D digital stereophotogrammetry: a practical guide to facial image acquisition. Head Face Med. 2010 Jul 28;6:18. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-6-18. PubMed 20667081 ↗
  • Erten O, Yilmaz BN. Three-Dimensional Imaging in Orthodontics. Turk J Orthod. 2018 Sep;31(3):86-94. doi: 10.5152/TurkJOrthod.2018.17041. Epub 2018 Apr 11. PubMed 30206567 ↗
  • D'Ettorre G, Farronato M, Candida E, Quinzi V, Grippaudo C. A comparison between stereophotogrammetry and smartphone structured light technology for three-dimensional face scanning. Angle Orthod. 2022 May 1;92(3):358-363. doi: 10.2319/040921-290.1. PubMed 35015071 ↗
  • 12- Arapovic-Savic M, Savic M, Umicevic-Davidovic M, Arbutina A, Nedeljkovic N, Glisic B. A novel method of photogrammetry measurements of study models in orthodontics. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo. 2019;147(1):10-6.
  • Gupta A. On imaging modalities for cephalometric analysis: a review. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 2023 Mar 21:1-22.
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Sep 2024 to primary completion in Nov 2024, 2 months.

Of 32 observational studies under Malocclusion, half reached primary completion within 25 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 46. This study's 2 months is below that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 17, 2023
First posted
Mar 27, 2025
StartActual
Sep 1, 2024
Primary completionActual
Nov 1, 2024
CompletionActual
Jan 1, 2025
Last update
Mar 27, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 27, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06897852
Responsible party
Assem Hammas (Principal Investigator, Al-Azhar University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 27, 2025
Start date
Sep 1, 2024
Primary completion
Nov 1, 2024
Completion
Jan 1, 2025
Last update
Mar 27, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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