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Not yet recruitingNCT06733519Updated Sep 9, 2025

TH104 for the Treatment of Pruritus in Primary Biliary Cholangitis

A Phase 2 interventional study of Nalmefene and Placebo in Pruritus and Primary Biliary Cholangitis, sponsored by Tharimmune Inc. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-09-09.

Sponsored by Tharimmune Inc · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
40
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

A phase 2a, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of TH104 in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) participants with moderate to severe pruritus.

Read the detailed description

Following written informed consent, participants with PBC and pruritus will be screened to establish study eligibility. Eligible participants will participate in a one-week observation period for baseline recording, to train participants in the use of electronic PRO tools, and establish baseline itch scores. Another eligibility assessment will be done at the end of this observation period (i.e., at baseline [Day 0]) to ensure that no changes in eligibility have occurred and to confirm that the participant remains eligible. At the baseline visit, participants will be randomized to receive placebo or TH104 treatment. Block randomization will be used, in a 1:2 ratio of placebo:TH104. Treatment will start with a 1-week dose escalation period in which participants will be escalated from 2 mg/day to 4 mg/day TH104 or matching placebo. This will be followed by 2 weeks of treatment with 8 mg and then 3 weeks of 16 mg of TH104 or matching placebo. Following the end of treatment, participants will enter a two-week follow-up period.

02

Conditions studied

  • Pruritus
  • Primary Biliary Cholangitis
03

In context

Pruritus

490 studies on the registry are indexed under Pruritus; 93 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 40 is below the median of 60 across 422 interventional studies indexed under Pruritus.

Browse Pruritus studies →

Lead sponsor

Tharimmune Inc is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Men or women aged 18 to 75 years, inclusive, at the time of signing the form.
  2. Diagnosis of PBC, as demonstrated by the participant presenting with at least 2 of the following criteria at the Screening Visit:

    1. history of sustained increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels first recognized at least 6 months prior to the Screening Visit
    2. positive antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) titer (>1:40 titer on immunofluorescence or M2 positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA])
    3. PBC-specific antinuclear antibodies (antinuclear dot and nuclear rim positive)
    4. liver consistent with PBC Note: Participants with compensated cirrhosis will be eligible for enrollment only after the DSMB reviewed the safety and tolerability of TH104 in the first 10 non-cirrhotic participants.
  3. Screening ALP value below 10 × (ULN).
  4. Participants taking the following drugs may be enrolled to the study, as long as they are on stable doses for > 12 weeks prior to the Screening Visit; Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) Obeticholic acid Elafibranor Seladelpar Fibrates such as bezafibrate and fenofibrate Cholestyramine Antihistamines
  5. Symptoms of pruritus - rated as NRS > 4 for worst daily score:

    • At screening AND
    • At least on 4 days during the 1-week baseline observation period.
  6. A woman is eligible to participate if she is not breast-feeding or pregnant, as confirmed by a negative serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) test or at least one of the following conditions applies:

    1. Non- defined as pre-menopausal with a documented tubal ligation or hysterectomy; or defined as 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea [in questionable cases a blood sample with simultaneous follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) >40 mIU/mL and estradiol \<40 pg/mL (\<147 pmol/L) is confirmatory]. Women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and whose menopausal status is in doubt will be required to use one of the highly effective methods along with either a second form of highly effective contraception or barrier protection (condoms with spermicide) if they wish to continue their HRT during the study. Otherwise, they must discontinue HRT to allow confirmation of post-menopausal status prior to study enrolment;
    2. Reproductive potential and agrees to follow one of the contraception options methods for the specified duration of time.

    For men participating in the study and having a female partner - birth control methods described above will have to be used throughout the study.

  7. Capable of giving written informed consent, which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the consent form.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Screening total >2.0 x .
  2. Screening (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >4 x ULN.
  3. Screening serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dL (221 µmol/L).
  4. History or presence of hepatic decompensation (e.g., variceal bleeds, encephalopathy, or poorly controlled ascites).
  5. History or presence of other concomitant liver diseases including hepatitis due to or C virus (, HBV) infection, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), alcoholic liver disease, definite hepatitis or -proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH/MASH/MAFLD).
  6. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) out of normal ranges.
  7. Administration of the following drugs at any time during the 3 months prior to the Screening Visit: colchicine, methotrexate, azathioprine, opioids, opioids antagonists, or systemic .
  8. Current or chronic history of inflammatory bowel disease, chronic diarrhea, Crohn's disease, or diarrhea related to malabsorption syndromes.
  9. Based on averaged interval (QTc) values of triplicate (ECGs) obtained at least 5 minutes apart: QTc ≥450 msec; or QTc ≥480 msec in participants with Bundle Branch Block.
  10. History of sensitivity to any of the study medications (or components thereof) or a history of drug or other allergy that, in the opinion of the Investigator or Medical Monitor, contraindicates their participation.
  11. History of regular alcohol consumption within 6 months of the Screening Visit defined as an average weekly intake of >21 units for men or >14 units for women. One unit is equivalent to 8 g of alcohol: a half-pint (approximately 240 mL) of beer, 1 glass (125 mL) of wine or 1 (25 mL) measure of spirits.
  12. A positive screening drug/alcohol screen. A minimum list of drugs that will be screened for include amphetamines, barbiturates, cocaine, opiates, cannabinoids, and benzodiazepines.
  13. Where participation in the study would result in blood in blood sampling in excess of 500 mL within a 56-day period.
  14. Treatment with sertraline and/or rifampicin \< 4 weeks prior to the Screening Visit.
  15. abnormality of the buccal mucosa which could impact drug absorption.
  16. Participation in a clinical trial with an product within 30 days, 5 half-lives, or twice the duration of the biological effect of the investigational product (whichever is longer) before the first dosing in this study.
  17. Decompensated liver disease (encephalopathy, ascites, or score > 10 points). Participants with compensated cirrhosis will be eligible for enrollment after the DSMB reviewed the safety and tolerability of TH104 for the first 10 non-cirrhotic participants).
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(17)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Biopsy and archival tissue

A biopsy takes a small piece of tissue to examine. “Archival tissue” is a sample already taken, for example at diagnosis, and kept by the hospital.

Whether a stored sample will do depends on when it was taken, how much there is and what the study needs. Ask whether the study accepts your stored sample or needs a new biopsy.

ULN (upper limit of normal)

The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.

“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.

Reproductive potential

Able to have children. For women this usually means from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery; for men, unless permanently sterile. Read who the line is about — participants, women, men, or their partners.

Criteria about it usually ask for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Postmenopausal

Periods have stopped for good: usually no period for 12 months in a row without another medical reason, sometimes confirmed by a blood test (FSH).

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

Hepatitis B tests

Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.

Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.

Hepatitis C tests

Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.

After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.

Autoimmune disease

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

QT and QTc

On an ECG, the QT interval is the time the heart’s lower chambers take to activate electrically and recover in each beat. QTc is that time adjusted for heart rate (QTcF by Fridericia’s formula, QTcB by Bazett’s). Some medicines lengthen it, and a long QTc can raise the risk of a dangerous heart rhythm.

The study may name a correction formula and a limit in milliseconds, often around 450–480.

ECG (electrocardiogram)

A recording of the heart’s electrical activity, taken with stickers on the chest, arms and legs. It takes a few minutes and does not hurt.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Child-Pugh class

A score of how well the liver works in people with liver disease such as cirrhosis: class A is mild, B moderate and C severe.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator)
Enrollment
40 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Treatment

    Drug: Nalmefene

  • Placebo comparator
    Control

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • Th-104 Nalmefene Mucoadhesive Buccal strip

  • DrugPlacebo

    Matching placebo to TH-104

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The primary objective is to investigate the safety and tolerability of repeat doses of TH104

    Percentage of participants with treatment-related adverse events as coded by MedDRA.

    Time frame: 42 days

Secondary outcomes

  1. Difference in daily itch score between TH104 and placebo

    Time frame: 42 days

  2. Change in participants reported outcome for PBC-40 questionnaire

    The PBC-40 is a disease specific questionnaire that assess PBC related symptoms . The six domains of PBC-40 relate to fatigue, emotional, social, and cognitive function, general symptoms, and itch

    Time frame: 42 days

  3. Change in participants reported outcome for 5-D itch questionnaire.

    The 5-D itch scale was developed as a brief but multidimensional questionnaire designed to be useful as an outcome measure in clinical trials. The five dimensions are degree, duration, direction, disability and distribution.

    Time frame: 42 days

  4. Change in participants reported outcome for EQ5D quality of life questionnaire

    EQ-5D assesses health status in terms of five dimensions of health.

    Time frame: 42 days

  5. Change in Fatigue Severity Scale from baseline to the end of treatment.

    The FSS questionnaire contains nine statements that rate the severity of fatigue symptoms

    Time frame: 42 days

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Jun 2026; primary completion for Mar 2027, 9 months later.

Of 37 industry-sponsored phase 2 interventional studies under Pruritus, half reached primary completion within 14 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 21. This study's planned 9 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 52 studies reached it within 16 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 31.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 3, 2024
First posted
Dec 13, 2024
StartEst.
Jun 1, 2026
Primary completionEst.
Mar 1, 2027
CompletionEst.
Jun 1, 2027
Last update
Sep 9, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 9, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06733519
Lead sponsor
Tharimmune Inc
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 13, 2024
Start date
Jun 1, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Mar 1, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 1, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 9, 2025

Study contacts

Head of Clinical Operations at Tharimmmune Inc
Contact
clinops@tharimmune.com
908-955-3140

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Dec 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Nalmefene

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