An interventional study of Experimental: Intervention Group in Multiple Sclerosis, sponsored by Gazi University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-03-18.
Sponsored by Gazi University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, degenerative disease of the central nervous system, causing demyelination and axonal damage. MS typically begins with attacks resulting from demyelination of axons, eventually evolving into a neurodegenerative disease associated with neurotrophic support deficiency and neuronal loss. Depending on the location and degeneration, various neurological disorders and symptoms such as walking and balance problems, fatigue, sensory loss, and cognitive impairments are observed in MS patients. Cognitive impairments in MS are associated with lesion count, localization, axonal loss, and brain atrophy, affecting approximately 50-60% of patients. Patients exhibit impairments in verbal fluency, visual-spatial memory, processing speed, executive functions, and episodic memory. Cognitive impairments also lead to a decrease in dual-task performance, referred to as the ability to perform two tasks simultaneously, in MS patients. Cognitive problems and impaired dual-task performance negatively impact various aspects of daily life, including social participation and employment status, thus reducing their quality of life.
Clinical-based exercise interventions are frequently utilized and effective in improving cognitive functions and dual-task performance in MS. Pilates is a commonly used exercise modality in clinical practice. Pilates is a core stability-based exercise method involving endurance, flexibility, movement, posture, and respiratory control. Previous studies have indicated that clinical Pilates improves cognitive functions. On the other hand, telerehabilitation approaches, the use of which has increased rapidly due to technological developments in recent times, enable the delivery of rehabilitation services to patients in distant places by using communication technologies. For this purpose, it is highly valuable to implement Pilates, which consists of core stability exercise content, through telerehabilitation. While there are studies on clinical-based Pilates interventions, no study has investigated the efficacy of one-on-one online Pilates exercises on cognitive functions and dual-task performance in an online platform. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of online Pilates on cognitive functions and dual-task performance in patients with MS.
This study is a randomized controlled study. The patients will be randomly divided into two groups exercise and control. Pilates exercises consisting of 3 days a week for 6 weeks will be given to the exercise group.
The control group will be a wait-list group without any additional specific treatment.
All assessments will be done before and after the 6-week intervention program or waiting period. The demographic characteristics of the participants initially will be taken and the Expanded Disability Status Scale score of those of MS will be recorded. As the outcome measures, cognitive functions and dual-task performance will be evaluated.
3,460 studies on the registry are indexed under Multiple Sclerosis; 661 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 28 is below the median of 50 across 2,342 interventional studies indexed under Multiple Sclerosis.
Browse Multiple Sclerosis studies →Gazi University is the lead sponsor of 531 studies on the registry; 99 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
The intervention group will be received online pilates training three times a week for 6 weeks.
Behavioral: Experimental: Intervention Group
The control group will be a wait-list group without any additional specific treatment.
The group that will receive pilates training via telerehabilitation
Mini-Mental test-Baseline
Mini Mental Test (MMT) consists of eleven items grouped under five main headings: orientation, recording memory, attention and calculation, recall and language, and is evaluated out of a total score of 30. Accordingly, getting 24 points and above is considered normal.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Mini-Mental test-Post intervention
Mini Mental Test (MMT) consists of eleven items grouped under five main headings: orientation, recording memory, attention and calculation, recall and language, and is evaluated out of a total score of 30. Accordingly, getting 24 points and above is considered normal.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Baseline
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was developed as a rapid screening test for mild cognitive impairment. MoCA evaluates different cognitive functions. These; attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visual structuring skills, abstract thinking, calculation and orientation. The highest total score that can be obtained from the test is 30. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Post intervention
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was developed as a rapid screening test for mild cognitive impairment. MoCA evaluates different cognitive functions. These; attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visual structuring skills, abstract thinking, calculation and orientation. The highest total score that can be obtained from the test is 30. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Trail Making Test-Baseline
Trail Making Test (TMT) is used to evaluate individuals' executive functions, task-sequence switching ability, attention, visual scanning speed, visual-motor perception, planning, organization, abstract thinking and reaction limitation. The test consists of 2 parts: A and B. In part A, the individual is asked to combine numbers from 1 to 25 and the completion time is recorded. In part B, the individual completes the sequence corresponding to a number and a letter respectively, and the completion time is recorded.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Trail Making Test-Post intervention
Trail Making Test (TMT) is used to evaluate individuals' executive functions, task-sequence switching ability, attention, visual scanning speed, visual-motor perception, planning, organization, abstract thinking and reaction limitation. The test consists of 2 parts: A and B. In part A, the individual is asked to combine numbers from 1 to 25 and the completion time is recorded. In part B, the individual completes the sequence corresponding to a number and a letter respectively, and the completion time is recorded.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Stroop Test-Baseline
Stroop Test, one of the neuropsychological tests, is used to evaluate selective attention, information processing speed and cognitive flexibility. The test consists of three parts. The first section contains words written in black (e.g. 'blue'), the second section contains colors, and the last section contains words written in different colors (e.g. the word blue written in red ink). The participant is expected to fulfill the tasks in these three sections respectively. While keeping time for each part, the participant must read the words correctly at first, say the colors in the next part, and say the color in which the word is written in the last part. In the test, reading time, number of errors made and number of spontaneous corrections are recorded.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Stroop Test-Post intervention
Stroop Test, one of the neuropsychological tests, is used to evaluate selective attention, information processing speed and cognitive flexibility. The test consists of three parts. The first section contains words written in black (e.g. 'blue'), the second section contains colors, and the last section contains words written in different colors (e.g. the word blue written in red ink). The participant is expected to fulfill the tasks in these three sections respectively. While keeping time for each part, the participant must read the words correctly at first, say the colors in the next part, and say the color in which the word is written in the last part. In the test, reading time, number of errors made and number of spontaneous corrections are recorded.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Functional mobility-baseline
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in functional mobility, Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-baseline
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic): Individuals will be asked to perform tasks by counting backward from 3 to 3 from 100.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in functional mobility, Cognitive additional task (verbal)-baseline
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again. Cognitive additional task (verbal): Individuals will be asked to fulfill their duties by producing name.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
functional mobility-post intervention
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in functional mobility, Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-post intervention
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic): Individuals will be asked to perform tasks by counting backward from 3 to 3 from 100.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in functional mobility, Cognitive additional task (verbal)-post intervention
Timed up and go test measures the time taken in seconds to arise from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn through 180 degrees, walk back, and sit down again. Cognitive additional task (verbal): Individuals will be asked to fulfill their duties by producing name.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
balance-baseline
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
balance, Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-baseline
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in balance, Cognitive additional task (verbal)-baseline
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability. Cognitive additional task (verbal)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in balance,Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-post intervention
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
balance-post intervention
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in balance,Cognitive additional task (arithmetic) -post intervention
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in balance,Cognitive additional task (verbal) -post intervention
The posturography (Biodex Balance System-BioSwayTM) will be used to assess postural stability. Cognitive additional task (verbal)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
gait-baseline
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in gait, Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-baseline
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Dual task performance in gait, Cognitive additional task (verbal)-baseline
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters. Cognitive additional task (verbal)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
gait-post intervention
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters.
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in gait, Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)-post intervention
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters. Cognitive additional task (arithmetic)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Dual task performance in gait, Cognitive additional task (verbal)-post intervention
Wearable system (G-Walk) will be used to assess gait parameters. Cognitive additional task (verbal)
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Plan to share: No — There is not a plan to make individual participant data but when the statistical analysis of all data are made, all results will be shared
This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Gazi University