A Phase 3 interventional study of Colchicine and Placebo in Cardiomyopathies, Myocarditis and Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy, sponsored by Niguarda Hospital. Recruiting at 10 sites in Italy. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-20.
Sponsored by Niguarda Hospital · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment
Two-parallel groups randomized, single-blinded, multi-center phase III controlled trial in patients with chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy to assess the efficacy of colchicine and associated prospective registry to assess the prognostic value of positive genetic testing in this population.
In a proportion of patients, myocarditis, an inflammatory injury of cardiomyocytes (CMs), can lead to chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy (Infl-CMP) characterized by an increased risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA) or ventricular dysfunction and heart failure (HF). Most cases of myocarditis have a viral trigger or an autoimmune etiology, while genetic predisposition has been sporadically reported. Recent data point to a relevant role of genetics, with pathogenic genetic variants associated with dilated or arrhythmic cardiomyopathies found in 8-31% of patients with Infl-CMP and left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Occasionally, patients with myocarditis may have a positive family history of cardiomyopathy, or sudden cardiac death (SCD), which can lead to genetic testing for myopathic cardiac gene variants (MCGV). Small series showed the co-existence of myocarditis and MCGV in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. In this complex background, it is still unclear whether targeting myocardial inflammation with immunomodulating drugs can ameliorate the outcome of these patients.
TRIAL - The Investigators will conduct a Trial to assess whether in patients with Infl-CMP with VA or HF phenotype, colchicine compared with placebo can reduce myocardial inflammation improving the clinical condition of patients. In the trial both patients with positive MCGV and negative MCGV will be randomized, and the investigators check if the genetic background can affect the response to colchicine. The target of this pilot trial is to randomize 40 patients in each arm and have ideally 15 patients with MCGV(+) in each arm. The use of colchicine in our proposal of trial relies on the safety of colchicine, and the relatively low rate of side effects at low dosages. It has shown that colchicine performs its functions by inhibiting the activation of pore formation carried out by P2X2 and P2X7 receptors, that concur to the activation of the inflammasome, thus potentially targeting a specific cause observed in Infl-CMP.
In a pilot, randomized, and single-blinded trial the investigators look at the immunomodulating effect of colchicine 0.5-1 mg vs. placebo in patients with Infl-CMP based on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) or fluorodeoxyglucose (FGD)-positron emission tomography (PET) scan with VA (including high premature ventricular complexes [PVC] burden), reduced LV ejection fraction (EF), or significantly increased levels of natriuretic peptides but without indication to immunosuppression (i.e., associated systemic autoimmune disorders) to assess whether colchicine can improve myocardial inflammation or decrease troponin release or the burden of PVCs or improve the clinical outcome (major VA, HF hospitalizations). The duration of the trial will be 6 months. The rationale of the pilot (CMP-MYTHiC CardioMyoPathy with MYocarditis THerapy with Colchicine) trial is based on a recent registry of 55 symptomatic patients with >5000 premature ventricular complexes (PVCs)/24 hours with FDG-PET imaging consistent with Infl-CMP, where a signal of benefit was observed in patients who received prednisone 40 mg for 3 months. The benefit was defined as a reduction in the PVC burden >80% and negative FDG-PET scan at follow-up. It must be noted that up to 24% of these cases had a diagnosis of sarcoidosis, where there is already an indication to therapy with steroids. In this study (MAVERIC registry) the improvement of patients treated with prednisone alone was 84% vs. 33% in patients not taking prednisone. As the investigators expect a lower effect of colchicine compared with prednisone but with a safer drug profile than prednisone, the investigators considered a theoretical optimal response in patients taking colchicine of 66%, while the investigators expected a similar optimal response in patients taking placebo as in the MAVERIC registry in patients not taking prednisone. Thus, considering an increase in the probability to reach the primary endpoint, defined as proportion of patients that are alive and free of any worsening (clinical, arrhythmic burden and imaging outcome) and that shows at least one of the signs of improvements (IMAGING or ARRHYTMIC improvements) at 6 months from 33% in the placebo arm to 66% in the colchicine therapy arm, the planned sample size of 80 patients (40 per group) will allow achieving a power of 0.80 with an overall type I error of 0.025 using one-sided Fisher's Exact test.
Endpoints will be analyzed according to the following principles:
REGISTRY - The main aim is to determine if patients with positive MCGV (+) Infl-CMP have a worse outcome compared with patients with negative MCGV (-) Infl-CMP in terms of recurrence of VA, including a high burden of PVCs or HF episodes or reduced improvement of ventricular function or persistence of myocardial inflammation on follow-up CMRI or FDG-PET. Furthermore, the investigators investigated characteristics that can help to identify patients with likely positive genetic tests among patients presenting with Infl-CMP, and variables that are independently associated with prognosis in patients with Infl-CMP. If patients have criteria to enter the registry, but not the trial, or (2) if do not consent to be randomized while they are willing to be followed in the registry, or (3) if the number of 80 patients is reached in the trial, even if the patients have the criteria to be included in the trial, these patients will enter the prospective registry. The foreseen number of the patients in the registry is 50-70 during the study period. To reach the objectives of the registry, deep phenotypical characterization of patients presenting with chronic Infl-CMP with VA and HF phenotypes will be performed in association with genetic testing.
TRANSLATIONAL STUDY - the investigators will perform translational experiments from the blood sample and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) from patients recruited in the trial and the registry, if they consent. In particular, 50 patients (the first 25 with positive genetics and 25 with negative genetics) who agree to donate 18 mL of their blood will enter the translational study. From the blood, the investigators will get human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CM) to unveil the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the inflammatory response in the myocardium. As a control group, the investigators will involve the first 25 family members of the probands with the negative cardiac phenotype (FMPNCP) test that agree to be sampled for the same amount of blood. The hypothesis of these experiments is that a specific genetic background identified in patients with Inf-CMP is sufficient to induce an inflammatory myocardial response. Briefly, the investigators will generate tridimensional cardiac tissues (EHTs) using CMs derived from human-iPSC-CM from patients with MCGV(+) Infl-CMP versus MCGV(-) Infl- CMP and FMPNCP. EHTs and CMs will be subjected to specific mechanical, cellular, and pharmacological stimuli to unveil the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the inflammatory response. The results of these experiments, together with the molecular analysis of EMBs could reveal novel molecular pathways that will be relevant to specific personalized therapeutic approaches.
174 studies on the registry are indexed under Myocarditis; 75 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 80 is close to the median of 80 across 53 interventional studies indexed under Myocarditis.
Browse Myocarditis studies →Niguarda Hospital is the lead sponsor of 68 studies on the registry; 29 are open to participants now.
Compared within Myocarditis, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Cardiomyopathies. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →
Inclusion Criteria Trial and Registry:
Exclusion Criteria Registry:
Exclusion Criteria Trial :
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The share of blood the heart’s main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) pushes out with each beat, measured by an echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) or a MUGA scan. About 50–70% is normal.
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.
Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
The other ingredients in a medicine besides the active drug, such as fillers, colours or preservatives.
GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².
Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.
LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction)
The share of blood the heart’s main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) pushes out with each beat, measured by an echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) or a MUGA scan. About 50–70% is normal.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Autoimmune disease
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Investigational drug or device
A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.
It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Life expectancy
The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Childbearing potential
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
NYHA class (heart failure)
The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.
Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraindication
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Excipients
The other ingredients in a medicine besides the active drug, such as fillers, colours or preservatives.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)
GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².
Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Patients treated with colchicine 0.5-1 mg (1 mg if tolerated) for 6 months.
Drug: Colchicine
Patients treated with placebo tablets.
Other: Placebo
Colchicine 1 mg daily (or 0.5 mg daily il weight \<70 kg) from randomization for 180 days (6 months)
Also known as: Treatment
Placebo 1 mg daily (or 0.5 mg daily il weight \<70 kg) from randomization for 180 days (6 months)
Patients alive and free of any worsening features (clinical, arrhythmic burden and imaging outcome) AND that show at least one of the signs of improvements (IMAGING or ARRHYTMIC improvements).
Clinical worsening (at least one of the following): 1. cardiac death 2. hospitalization for worsening HF or arrhythmic events, 3. Sustained ventricular tachycardia (SVT). Worsening arrhythmic burden: 1. PVC burden increase of 50% on ECG ambulatory monitoring 2. Increase in NSVT of 30% compared with baseline 3. Any SVT.
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Worsening imaging outcomes
1. Proportion of patients with LVEF reduction \>10%on echo/CMRI, 2. Proportion of patients with new areas of edema on CMRI or FDG-PET associated with an increase in the edema in the inflammatory lesion identified on baseline CMRI or FDG-PET. Improvement of imaging outcome: 1. Proportion of patients with a reduction in edema on CMRI or FDG without new areas of edema AND normal high sensitivity troponin. 2. Proportion of patients with disappearance of edema on CMRI OR NO FDG uptake on PET Improvement of arrhythmic outcome: 1\. Improvement of ARRHYTHMIC burden. Proportion of patients with a PVC burden reduction of 70% on the ECG ambulatory monitoring and no NSVT/SVT.
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
LVEF change on echocardiogram.
Absolute change at 6 months from randomization of the LVEF on echocardiogram. Patients not performing echocardiography due to death, heart transplantation (HTx) will be counted as -10 point in the LVEF.
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
LVEF change on CMRI
Absolute change at 6 months from randomization of the LVEF on CMRI when available. Patients not performing the CMRI due to death, HTx, LVAD implantation or device implantation after randomization will be counted as -10 point in the LVEF.
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Evidence of dysfunction and/or dilation on CMRI
Proportion of patients with LVEF\<55% AND/OR LV dilation on 6-month CMRI (CMRI clips will be centrally reviewed) or not performing the CMRI due to death, HTx, LVAD implantation or device implantation after randomization (i.e. ICD).
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Clinical secondary endpoints
Composite endpoint: (1) all-cause death or (2) HTx or (3) LVAD implantation, or (5) first rehospitalization due to HF or VA, or advanced atrioventricular (AV) block.
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Mortality
All-cause deaths
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Time to HF or arrhythmic events
Time to hospitalization for HF/VA or advanced AV block
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Changes on ambulatory ECG monitoring
Composite endpoint of NSVT OR increased burden of PVCs (\>5%) on 24-hour ECG ambulatory monitoring, performed at 6- months
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Changes in Quality of life
Changes in quality of life at 6 months follow up compared with baseline using 2 different questionnaires: the EoQ-5D-5L and KCCQ (CSS and OSS)
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
Need for immunosuppression
Need to initiate an immunosuppressive drug
Time frame: 6 months from randomization
The primary aim of the REGISTRY is the proportion of patients with MCGV(+) Infl-CMP versus MCGV(-) Infl-CMP with more primary endpoints
We will measure the outcome of the patients in the registry as described in the TRIAL at the end of a minimum follow-up of 6 months. The co-primary aim of the registry will be to the identify baseline variables that are independently associated with the above-mentioned 6-month endpoints. The patients who enter the registry are expected to follow an even longer follow-up of 2 The Registry endpoints pooling together patients included in the trial and registry.
Time frame: Minimum follow up at 6 months
Differences in the results of in-vitro experiments between MCGV(+) vs. MCGV(-) Infl-CMP patients and between MCGV(+) Infl-CMP patients and family members of the probands with the negative cardiac phenotype (FMPNCP)
We will compare in-vitro experiments between MCGV(+) vs. Infl-CMP versus MCGV(-) Infl-CMP patients and between MCGV(+) Infl-CMP patients and family members of the probands with the negative cardiac phenotype (FMPNCP). Samples for the experiments will be from patients included in the trial and registry.
Time frame: Minimum follow up at 6 months
Plan to share: No
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Studies of the drug tested here: Colchicine
Niguarda Hospital