ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05846425Updated Apr 17, 2024

Investigating the Effect of Yoga-based Breathing Styles on the Human Brain, With a Focus on Memory

An interventional study of Nose-breathing training and Mouth-breathing training in Hypoventilation and Hyperventilation, sponsored by Universität des Saarlandes. Recruiting at 1 site in Germany. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-04-17.

Sponsored by Universität des Saarlandes · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Jul 2024, 2 years 4 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Jun 2023; still recruiting 3 years 5 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
75
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if yoga-based breathing styles could improve memory performance in adult persons without relevant prior experience in yoga, meditation or similar disciplines and without existing health problems which could hinder the implementation of the breathing exercises.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Can the memory performance get better ?
  • Can the subjective stress level be reduced ?

Participants will complete a memory test while doing a specific nasal and oral breathing.

They will complete a two-week training period after the test with daily nasal or mouth breathing training or no training at all, depending on the group, the are divided into.

Researchers will compare the effect of different breathing styles on memory ability among themselves.

Read the detailed description

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the effect of yoga-based breathing styles on the human brain regarding memory performance in adult persons without relevant prior experience in yoga, meditation or similar disciplines and without existing health problems which could hinder the performance of the breathing exercises.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Is there an improve of memory performance through performing the controlled yoga-based breathing styles ?
  • Is there a relevant reduction of the subjective stress level through performing the controlled yoga-based breathing styles

Participants will complete a memory test while performing controlled nasal and oral breathing.

They will complete a two-week training period after the test with daily nasal or mouth breathing training or no training at all, depending on the group assignment.

Researchers will compare the nasal breathing group to the mouth breathing and the comparison group to see if the nasal breathing results in a significant improvement of the memory capacity.

02

Conditions studied

  • Hypoventilation
  • Hyperventilation

Keywords

  • Mnemonic similarity task
  • Yoga-breathing
  • Memory enhancement
03

In context

Hypoventilation

96 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypoventilation; 21 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 75 is above the median of 52 across 63 interventional studies indexed under Hypoventilation.

Browse Hypoventilation studies →

Lead sponsor

Universität des Saarlandes is the lead sponsor of 68 studies on the registry; 17 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Willingness to take on the 2-week exercises but no new athletic or meditative activities
  • Yoga-naive and without significant prior experience in various meditative or athletic disciplines that ostensibly involve elements of breath control
  • Access to a device with internet access
  • Signing of the consent form to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known internal or neurological diseases, especially if associated with chronic pathological oxygenation (e.g. , severe bronchial asthma, sleep apnea, but also CKD).
  • History of drug or alcohol abuse
  • Known psychiatric illnesses that currently require therapy (e.g., pronounced claustrophobia)
  • Medication that could falsify the data collected
  • Lack of consent to take note of possible incidental findings
  • known epileptic seizures, which could be intensified by the visual insertion of the stimuli
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
75 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Nose-breathing

    Controlled nose-breathing

    Other: Nose-breathing training

  • Active comparator
    Mouth-breathing

    Controlled mouth-breathing

    Other: Mouth-breathing training

  • No intervention
    Control group

    no intervention

Interventions

  • OtherNose-breathing training

    13 days of controlled nose-breathing training at a specific frequency with a duration of approximately 15 min a day

  • OtherMouth-breathing training

    13 days of controlled mouth-breathing training at a specific frequency with a duration of approximately 15 min a day

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Improvement of learned images

    Memory improvement by performing the home nasal breathing training. The correctness of the mapping is measured by the percentage correctness of the given answers in the memory test, which takes place promptly after the learning phase and 2 weeks later.

    Time frame: 2 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Reduction of subjective stress level

    The subjective stress level is determined by a subjective stress statement, before and after each learning and retrieval phase, at the first appointment and at the second after 2 weeks.

    Time frame: 2 weeks

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Saarland University Medical Center
    Homburg, Saarland 66421, Germany
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Zelano C, Jiang H, Zhou G, Arora N, Schuele S, Rosenow J, Gottfried JA. Nasal Respiration Entrains Human Limbic Oscillations and Modulates Cognitive Function. J Neurosci. 2016 Dec 7;36(49):12448-12467. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2586-16.2016. PubMed 27927961 ↗
  • Klippenstein JL, Stark SM, Stark CEL, Bennett IJ. Neural substrates of mnemonic discrimination: A whole-brain fMRI investigation. Brain Behav. 2020 Mar;10(3):e01560. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1560. Epub 2020 Feb 3. PubMed 32017430 ↗
  • Stark SM, Kirwan CB, Stark CEL. Mnemonic Similarity Task: A Tool for Assessing Hippocampal Integrity. Trends Cogn Sci. 2019 Nov;23(11):938-951. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Oct 6. PubMed 31597601 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jun 2023 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jul 2024, 13 months after the start.

Of 35 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Hypoventilation, half reached primary completion within 15 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 26. This study's planned 13 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 35 studies reached it within 15 months; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 26.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 26, 2023
First posted
May 6, 2023
StartActual
Jun 3, 2023
Primary completionEst.
Jul 2024
CompletionEst.
Dec 2024
Last update
Apr 17, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 17, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05846425
Lead sponsor
Universität des Saarlandes
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
May 6, 2023
Start date
Jun 3, 2023
Primary completion
Jul 2024 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2024 (estimated)
Last update
Apr 17, 2024

Study contacts

Maximilian A Becker
Contact
maximilian_arno.becker@uni-saarland.de
+49 176 20205231
Christoph Krick, Dr.rer.med.
principal investigator · University of Saarland

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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