ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT05610514Updated Feb 8, 2024

Pulmonary and Cardiac Effects of E-Cigarette Use in Pulmonary Patients Who Smoke Cigarettes

A Phase 2 interventional study of E-Cigarette and Financial Incentives in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema, sponsored by University of Vermont. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 40 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-02-08.

Primary conditionBronchitis, ChronicRegistry: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Bronchitis, Chronic
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Bronchitis, Chronic, a narrower term within Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by University of Vermont · Phase 2, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Apr 2022, registered Oct 2022).
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
21
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
40 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of e-cigarettes and continued smoking on pulmonary and cardiac outcomes in a population with established pulmonary disease.

Read the detailed description

E-cigarettes with nicotine can affect important cardiopulmonary outcomes and likely pose less risk than cigarettes, but they are not harmless. Given the existing literature, there is a need for controlled trials of e-cigarette use in populations with cardiopulmonary disease to fill the gaps between these existing examinations. Clarifying how the pulmonary and cardiac effects of e-cigarettes compare to use of conventional cigarettes in those with cardiopulmonary disease beyond single acute exposures will provide important new health information that can help inform policy.

02

Conditions studied

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • Chronic Bronchitis
  • Emphysema
  • Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • pulmonary
  • cardiac
  • cigarettes
  • e-cigarettes
  • smokers
03

In context

Bronchitis, Chronic Reclassified

209 studies on the registry are indexed under Bronchitis, Chronic; 14 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 21 is below the median of 101 across 154 interventional studies indexed under Bronchitis, Chronic.

Browse Bronchitis, Chronic studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Vermont is the lead sponsor of 221 studies on the registry; 27 are open to participants now.

Of its 17 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 9 (53%) have results posted.

Compared within Bronchitis, Chronic, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
40 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Men and women 40 years of age or older
  • Current, every day smoker (5 or more cigarettes per day for one year or longer) confirmed with intake CO of 8ppm or greater
  • Established pulmonary disease ( [COPD], chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma-COPD overlap syndrome) confirmed by physician diagnosis and/or current prescription of medication for treatment (i.e., LABA, LAMA, +/- ICS, or combination)
  • Lives and plans to remain in the greater Burlington, VT area for the next month
  • No intention to quit smoking within the next month
  • Speaks English

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who are medically unstable (unstable symptoms, changes in medications or hospitalizations within last 3 months)
  • Inability to conduct in-home measurements.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
21 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • No intervention
    Combustible Cigarette

    Participants in this arm will smoke their usual brand of combustible cigarettes for two weeks.

  • Experimental
    E-Cigarette

    Participants in this arm will smoke electronic cigarettes for two weeks. E-cigarettes (either JUUL or Vuse Alto) and pods (JUUL: Virginia tobacco flavor at 3% or 5% nicotine concentration; Vuse Alto: golden tobacco flavor at 1.8%, 2.4%, or 5% nicotine concentration) will be provided.

    Other: E-Cigarette · Behavioral: Financial Incentives

Interventions

  • OtherE-Cigarette

    Altering the availability of e-cigarettes

  • BehavioralFinancial Incentives

    Altering the availability of financial incentives for abstaining from combustible cigarettes

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Baseline FEV1/FVC Ratio

    Ratio of the amount of air forced from the lungs in one second (Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second; FEV1) to the amount of air forced from the lungs throughout an entire measurement (Forced Vital Capacity; FVC), as assessed via spirometry

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  2. Change from Baseline FEV1/FVC Ratio each day

    Ratio of the amount of air forced from the lungs in one second (Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second; FEV1) to the amount of air forced from the lungs throughout an entire measurement (Forced Vital Capacity; FVC), as assessed via spirometry

    Time frame: Daily through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

  3. Change from Baseline FEV1/FVC Ratio at 2 weeks

    Ratio of the amount of air forced from the lungs in one second (Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second; FEV1) to the amount of air forced from the lungs throughout an entire measurement (Forced Vital Capacity; FVC), as assessed via spirometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  4. Change from Baseline FEV1/FVC Ratio at 4 weeks

    Ratio of the amount of air forced from the lungs in one second (Forced Expiratory Volume in the First Second; FEV1) to the amount of air forced from the lungs throughout an entire measurement (Forced Vital Capacity; FVC), as assessed via spirometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  5. Baseline Lung Reactance at 5Hz (X5)

    Measurement of the ability of the lung to store energy, as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  6. Change from Baseline Lung Reactance at 5Hz (X5) at 2 weeks

    Measurement of the ability of the lung to store energy, as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  7. Change from Baseline Lung Reactance at 5Hz (X5) at 4 weeks

    Measurement of the ability of the lung to store energy, as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  8. Baseline Lung Resistance at 5Hz and 19Hz (R5 and R19)

    Airway impedence in the lungs as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  9. Change from Baseline Lung Resistance at 5Hz and 19Hz (R5 and R19) at 2 weeks

    Airway impedence in the lungs as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  10. Change from Baseline Lung Resistance at 5Hz and 19Hz (R5 and R19) at 4 weeks

    Airway impedence in the lungs as measured by oscillometry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  11. Baseline Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)

    Amount of oxygen carried in the blood as a percentage of the normal maximum, as assessed via pulse oximetry

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  12. Change from Baseline Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) each day

    Amount of oxygen carried in the blood as a percentage of the normal maximum, as assessed via pulse oximetry

    Time frame: Daily through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

  13. Change from Baseline Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) at 2 weeks

    Amount of oxygen carried in the blood as a percentage of the normal maximum, as assessed via pulse oximetry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  14. Change from Baseline Oxygen Saturation (SpO2) at 4 weeks

    Amount of oxygen carried in the blood as a percentage of the normal maximum, as assessed via pulse oximetry

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  15. Baseline Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO)

    Amount of nitric oxide in the breath

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  16. Change From Baseline Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) at 2 weeks

    Amount of nitric oxide in the breath

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  17. Change From Baseline Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) at 4 weeks

    Amount of nitric oxide in the breath

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  18. Baseline COPD Assessment Test Score

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on an individual's life; scale of 0-40; higher score indicates worse outcome

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  19. Change from Baseline COPD Assessment Test Score at 2 weeks

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on an individual's life; scale of 0-40; higher score indicates worse outcome

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  20. Change from Baseline COPD Assessment Test Score at 4 weeks

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on an individual's life; scale of 0-40; higher score indicates worse outcome

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  21. Baseline St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD Patients Score

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on overall health, daily life, and perceived well-being; scale of 0-100; higher scores indicate more limitations on overall health

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  22. Change from Baseline St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD Patients Score at 2 weeks

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on overall health, daily life, and perceived well-being; scale of 0-100; higher scores indicate more limitations on overall health

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  23. Change from Baseline St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD Patients Score at 4 weeks

    Score measuring the impact of COPD on overall health, daily life, and perceived well-being; scale of 0-100; higher scores indicate more limitations on overall health

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Baseline Blood Pressure

    Force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  2. Change from Baseline Blood Pressure each day

    Force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries

    Time frame: Daily through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

  3. Change from Baseline Blood Pressure at 2 weeks

    Force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  4. Change from Baseline Blood Pressure at 4 weeks

    Force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  5. Baseline Heart Rate

    Number of time the heart beats per minute

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  6. Change from Baseline Heart Rate each day

    Number of time the heart beats per minute

    Time frame: Daily through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

  7. Change From Baseline Heart Rate at 2 weeks

    Number of time the heart beats per minute

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  8. Change From Baseline Heart Rate at 4 weeks

    Number of time the heart beats per minute

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

Other outcomes

  1. Baseline Carbon Monoxide (CO)

    Amount of carbon monoxide in the breath

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  2. Change from Baseline Carbon Monoxide (CO) each day

    Amount of carbon monoxide in the breath

    Time frame: Daily through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

  3. Change from Baseline Carbon Monoxide (CO) at 2 weeks

    Amount of carbon monoxide in the breath

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  4. Change from Baseline Carbon Monoxide (CO) at 4 weeks

    Amount of carbon monoxide in the breath

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  5. Baseline Tobacco Use Questionnaire

    Assess tobacco use history

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  6. Baseline Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND)

    Survey assessing addiction to nicotine

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  7. Baseline Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives - Brief (WISDM-Brief)

    Survey assessing smoking dependence

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  8. Baseline Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale (MNWS)

    Evaluates effects of smoking cessation; scale of 0-60; higher scores are a worse outcome

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  9. Change from Baseline Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) at 2 weeks

    Evaluates effects of smoking cessation; scale of 0-60; higher scores are a worse outcome

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  10. Change from Baseline Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) at 4 weeks

    Evaluates effects of smoking cessation; scale of 0-60; higher scores are a worse outcome

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  11. Baseline Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-Brief)

    Assesses smoking urges; scale of 10-70; higher scores indicate greater urge to smoke

    Time frame: Intake assessment

  12. Change from Baseline Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-Brief) at 2 weeks

    Assesses smoking urges; scale of 10-70; higher scores indicate greater urge to smoke

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  13. Change from Baseline Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU-Brief) at 4 weeks

    Assesses smoking urges; scale of 10-70; higher scores indicate greater urge to smoke

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

  14. Daily Tobacco Use Questionnaire

    Measure tobacco use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco) on a daily basis;

    Time frame: Daily during each two-week arm of the study

  15. Health Changes Questionnaire at 2 week assessment

    Assesses how health has changed since previous visit; 4 yes/no questions about whether there have been any changes in physical/mental health, changes in medications, access to medical care, or changes in normal routine in the last 24 hours; 1 question rating overall health on a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the best

    Time frame: Assessment completed 2 weeks after intake assessment

  16. Health Changes Questionnaire at 4 week assessment

    Assesses how health has changed since previous visit; 4 yes/no questions about whether there have been any changes in physical/mental health, changes in medications, access to medical care, or changes in normal routine in the last 24 hours; 1 question rating overall health on a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the best

    Time frame: Assessment completed 4 weeks after intake assessment

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Vermont Center on Behavior and Health
    Burlington, Vermont 05401, United States
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Apr 2022 to primary completion in Dec 2023, 19 months.

Of 14 phase 2 interventional studies under Bronchitis, Chronic, half reached primary completion within 18 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 20. This study's 19 months is close to that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 28, 2022
First posted
Nov 9, 2022
StartActual
Apr 28, 2022
Primary completionActual
Dec 1, 2023
CompletionActual
Dec 1, 2023
Last update
Feb 8, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 8, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05610514
Responsible party
Diann Gaalema (Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont) — Principal investigator
First posted
Nov 9, 2022
Start date
Apr 28, 2022
Primary completion
Dec 1, 2023
Completion
Dec 1, 2023
Last update
Feb 8, 2024

Study contacts

Diann E Gaalema, PhD
principal investigator · University of Vermont

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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