ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT04977375Updated Sep 21, 2026

Trial of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy and Stereotactic Radiation in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma

A Phase 1/2 interventional study of Pembrolizumab and Stereotactic Radiation Therapy in Glioblastoma Multiforme, sponsored by Chirag G. Patil. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-21.

Sponsored by Chirag G. Patil · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Dec 2021; still recruiting 4 years 11 months later.
Phase
Phase 1/2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
10
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety/tolerability/feasibility of pembrolizumab and radiation therapy before surgical resection in patients with recurrent glioblastoma as defined by treatment-related AEs and the number of patients who do not necessitate a delay in surgical resection, and to assess overall survival. The secondary objectives are to assess progression free survival, and to assess the T cell clonality, CD8 T cell activation and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) score after treatment

02

Conditions studied

  • Glioblastoma Multiforme

Keywords

  • Central Nervous System Tumor
  • neurosurgery
  • Brain tumor
  • spinal cord tumor
  • surgical resection
  • glioma
  • glioblastoma
  • neuropathology
  • maximal safe resection
  • CNS
03

In context

Glioblastoma

2,132 studies on the registry are indexed under Glioblastoma; 464 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 10 is below the median of 36 across 1,753 interventional studies indexed under Glioblastoma.

Browse Glioblastoma studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Chirag G. Patil as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 18 years or older
  • Confirmed histologic diagnosis of WHO Grade IV, Glioblastoma Multiforme
  • GBM recurrence or progression with planned standard of care surgical resection and repeat radiation
  • Tumor size less than 6 cm
  • performance status of 0-1
  • Adequate laboratory values

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • to additional radiation
  • Prior therapy with an , anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agent or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or co-inhibitory T-cell receptor
  • Immunodeficiency diagnosis or receiving chronic systemic therapy (exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone) or any other form of therapy
  • Severe to pembrolizumab

Complete inclusion/exclusion criteria are detailed in the protocol.

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(6)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

ECOG performance status

A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.

0
Fully active, no restrictions.
1
Limited in strenuous activity, but walking and able to do light work, such as housework or office work.
2
Walking and able to look after yourself, but unable to work; up and about more than half of waking hours.
3
Able to look after yourself only in part; in bed or a chair more than half of waking hours.
4
Unable to look after yourself at all; in bed or a chair all day.

Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

PD-1, PD-L1 and checkpoint inhibitors

PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.

PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1 / Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
10 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Pembrolizumab with stereotactic radiation therapy and surgical resection

    Drug: Pembrolizumab · Radiation: Stereotactic Radiation Therapy · Procedure: Surgical Resection

Interventions

  • Pembrolizumab 400mg administered intravenously on Day 1, and then beginning 6 weeks post-surgery, subjects will receive 400 mg pembrolizumab every 6 weeks

  • RadiationStereotactic Radiation Therapy

    Standard of care stereotactic radiation of 24 grays over 3 days, administered beginning on Day 7

  • ProcedureSurgical Resection

    Standard of care surgical resection of tumor on Day 10-28

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Safety and tolerability measured by the incidence of adverse events, serious adverse events and grade 3 or above treatment related adverse events.

    Safety and tolerability measured by the incidence of adverse events, serious adverse events and grade 3 or above treatment related adverse events as assessed per CTCAE, Version 5.0.

    Time frame: From start of study treatment until confirmation of disease progression, intolerable toxicities, withdrawal of consent. Assessed up to 2 years.

  2. Overall survival

    From start of study treatment until death, loss to follow-up, or withdrawal of consent. Subjects who are lost to survival follow-up will not be replaced, and public records may be accessed to assess Overall Survival.

    Time frame: From start of study treatment until death, loss to follow-up, or withdrawal of consent. Assessed up to 2 years.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Progression free survival

    From start of study treatment until confirmation of disease progression (per iRANO Criteria), intolerable toxicities, withdrawal of consent, or up to 2 years or 18 cycles of pembrolizumab, whichever comes first.

    Time frame: From start of study treatment until until confirmation of disease progression, intolerable toxicities, withdrawal of consent. Assessed up to 2 years.

  2. Immune action

    To assess the T cell clonality, CD8 T cell activation and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) score after treatment. Blood draws for research purposes performed after obtaining consent but prior to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab administration, and at the time of initiation of SRT and at the time of surgery

    Time frame: At baseline, prior to stereotactic radiation therapy, and prior to surgery.

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
    Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
    Recruiting
    • Clinical Trial Recruitment Navigator · ContactGroupCancerTrialInformation@cshs.org · 310-423-5842
    • Stephen Shiao, MD, PhD · Principal investigator
    • Jethro Hu, MD · Sub investigator
    • Jeremy Rudnick, MD · Sub investigator
    • Keith Black, MD · Sub investigator
    • Ray Chu, MD · Sub investigator
    • John Yu, MD · Sub investigator
    • Adam Mamelak, MD · Sub investigator
    • Amin Mirhadi, MD · Sub investigator
    • Behrooz Hakimian, MD · Sub investigator
08

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Dec 2021 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2027, 72 months after the start.

Of 84 non-industry phase 1/2 interventional studies under Glioblastoma, half reached primary completion within 73 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 50 and three quarters within 102. This study's planned 72 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 137 studies reached it within 66 months; a quarter within 45 and three quarters within 100.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 22, 2021
First posted
Jul 26, 2021
StartActual
Dec 9, 2021
Primary completionEst.
Dec 2027
CompletionEst.
Dec 2028
Last update
Sep 21, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 21, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04977375
Lead sponsor
Chirag G. Patil
Responsible party
Chirag G. Patil (Associate Professor of Neurosurgery Program Director, Neurosurgery Residency Training, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jul 26, 2021
Start date
Dec 9, 2021
Primary completion
Dec 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 21, 2026

Study contacts

Clinical Trial Recruitment Navigator
Contact
GroupCancerTrialInformation@cshs.org
310-423-5842
Chirag G Patil, MD, MS
principal investigator · Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Studies of the drug tested here: Pembrolizumab

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