ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT04934943MINI3Updated Jun 29, 2025

"Mini Fluid Challenge Assessment: a Comparison Among Three Hemodynamic Tools"

An observational study in Sepsis, Shock, Septic and Critically Ill, sponsored by Humanitas Clinical and Research Center. Not yet recruiting at 2 sites in Italy. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-06-29.

Primary conditionShock, SepticRegistry: SepsisReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Sepsis — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Shock, Septic
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Shock, Septic, a narrower term within Sepsis.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Humanitas Clinical and Research Center · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Aug 2025, 1 year 3 months ago, but the record still lists the study as not yet recruiting.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
45
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 53 studies in Shock, Septic with a site in Italy — 7 open to participants now, 8 under way, none of them phase 3. Shock, Septic · Italy.

Planned enrollment
13th of 23
45 · median 50
Started
2025
with 4 others
Observational
23 of 53
5 open now
Registered
39th of 53
by date
Lead sponsor
3 of 53
Humanitas Clinical and Research Center

Among the 53 studies in Shock, Septic with a site in Italy, this one is the 13th largest by planned enrollment of the 23 observational ones that give a count, is one of 5 that started in 2025, is one of 23 observational ones, and was the 39th registered.

Shock, Septic

1,078 studies on the registry are indexed under Shock, Septic; 232 are open to participants now.

Browse Shock, Septic studies →

Open to participants now

7 of the 53 studies in Shock, Septic with a site in Italy are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

1 more — sign in →

All 7 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Italy have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Italy →

Who these studies take

Of the 136 Shock, Septic studies recruiting now, 102 (75%) set no upper age limit and 19 (14%) stop at 75 or younger; 12 take children under 18; 13 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 53 studies in Shock, Septic with a site in Italy, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The mini fluid challenge (mini_FC) is a functional hemodynamic test which has been used in different clinical contexts to assess fluid responsiveness.

This test is performed by rapidly injecting a small aliquot of fluid (100 ml over 1 minute), which is followed by the infusion of the residual aliquot of fluid.

Since the threshold of the mini_FC identified by the literature is rather small (5% of stroke volume (SV) increase after the 100 ml bolus to discriminate between responder and non-responder), it is crucial that the hemodynamic tool assessing this change could be reliable. Moreover, the SV changes with inspiratory/expiratory movements and the increase after the mini_FC should also consider the physiological fluctuations of the SV.

In the literature this test has been performed by means of tolls with different least significant change of the SV. The least significant change (LSC) represents the smallest difference between successive measurements of SV that can be considered to be a real change and not attributable to chance.

The purpose of this study is to assess the agreement among MOSTCARE system (4.5\& of SV LSC described in the literature) and the echocardiography (about 10% of SV LSC described in the literature) with the PICCO system (about 1% of SV LSC described in the literature - considered the gold standard) in discriminating fluid responsiveness after a mini_FC

Read the detailed description

Targeted fluid therapy has received increasing attention in the management of patients showing acute circulatory failure in both intensive care unit (ICU) and operating room (OR), aiming at preventing both inadequate tissue blood flow and fluid overload. In fact, unnecessary fluid administration can increase morbidity and mortality and length of hospital stay of critically ill and surgical patients.

Since the only physiological reason to give a fluid challenge (FC) is to increase the stroke volume (SV) and this effect is obtained only in about 50% of ICU and OR patients, a vast literature investigated the possibility of predict this effect before FC administration, but the issue remains extremely challenging. Bedside clinical signs and pressure and static volumetric static variables, do not predict fluid responsiveness. Moreover, several physiological factors affect the reliability of the ventilator-induced dynamic changes in pulse pressure and stroke volume [pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume (SV) variation (SVV), respectively], and their echographic surrogates, in a significant number of ICU and OR patients.

To overcome these limitations, the functional hemodynamic assessment (i.e. the assessment of the dynamic interactions of hemodynamic variables in response to a defined perturbation), of fluid responsiveness has gained in popularity. A functional hemodynamic test (FHT) consist in a manoeuvre determining a sudden change in cardiac function and/or heart lung interaction, affecting the hemodynamics of fluid responders and non-responders to a different extent.

The FHT called passive leg raising (PLR) has been successfully used for assessing the fluid responsiveness in ICU patients since 2009 and its reliability has been confirmed by three large meta-analyses. However, the PLR is not usually practicable in the OR.

A lot of different FHTs have been proposed, as alternative to the PLR, in ICU and, more recently, OR. These tests could be basically subdivided in two groups. A subgroup of FHTs is based on sudden and brief variations of the mechanical ventilation to induce a change in right ventricle preload and/or after load and, as consequence, of left ventricle. Among these tests, the rapid administration of a small aliquot of the predefined FC (the so-called mini FC) has gained in popularity in the last years.

On of the drawbacks of this test is that the optimal threshold identified in the literature to stratify responders and non-responders (5% of SV variation) is quite small, and potentially affected by the reliability of the hemodynamic tool used. The aim of this paper is to compare the reliability of a hemodynamic invasive tool (the (PiCCO2 TM, Pulsion Medical Systems, Munich, Germany - considered the gold standard) with a mini-invasive tool (MostCareTM system (Vytech Health, Padua, Italy) and a non-invasive (echocardiography) in predicting the response to the mini-FC in critically ill patients.

03

Conditions studied

  • Sepsis
  • Shock, Septic
  • Critically Ill

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Fluid challenge
  • Functional hemodynamic test
04

In context

Shock, Septic Reclassified

1,078 studies on the registry are indexed under Shock, Septic; 232 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 45 is below the median of 108 across 406 observational studies indexed under Shock, Septic.

Browse Shock, Septic studies →

Lead sponsor

Humanitas Clinical and Research Center is the lead sponsor of 33 studies on the registry; 6 are open to participants now.

Compared within Shock, Septic, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Sepsis. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Adults critically ill patients with acute circulatory failure, who require volume expansion decided by the clinician in charge.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

1) Acute circulatory failure defined as:

  • SAP ≤ 90 mmHg (or a decrease > 50 mm Hg in hypertensive patients)
  • or a mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≤ 70 mmHg
  • or the use of vasopressors to maintain SAP >90 mmHg,
  • associated with skin mottling; tachycardia ≥100 beats/min; urinary flow ≤0.5 mL/kg for at least 2 hours; blood lactate level ≥4 mmol/L.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  • known severe myocardial or valvular dysfunction
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
  • on-going haemodialysis or continuous hemofiltration
  • moribund patients
  • persistent low quality of the arterial signal affecting hemodynamic monitoring measurements
  • poor echographic windows.
06

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
45 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Intervention _mini_FC

    The fluid challenge consists of 4 ml\*Kg of Crystalloids' solution infused over 10 minutes, administered via either a central or a peripheral line. 1. The patient is already connected to the PICCO monitoring for clinical purpose of hemodynamic monitoring (before study enrollment) 2. The MOSTCARE system is connected to the MONITOR of the patient (and not to the patient itself) by means of a cable inserted into the connections system. 3. The echocardiography will be performed by a senior intensivist/cardiologist. The stroke volume is calculated by measuring VTI and diameter at the same point. This is best performed by measuring the diameter of the LVOT in the parasternal long axis (PLAX) view

    Diagnostic Test: mini_FC

Interventions

  • Diagnostic testmini_FC

    100 ml of Crystalloids infused over 1 minute - data recording and new baseline - FC 4 ml/kg in 10 minutes - data recording

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Agreement of allocation

    Number of responders and non-responders identified by the MOSTCARE and the Echocardiography with respect to the PICCO system (considered as gold standard)

    Time frame: immediately after the procedure

Secondary outcomes

  1. Least significant change of the stroke volume - PICCO

    off-line analysis of the recorded stroke volume change before the test

    Time frame: 5 minutes before FC administration

  2. Least significant change of the stroke volume - MOSTCARE

    off-line analysis of the recorded stroke volume change before the test

    Time frame: 5 minutes before FC administration

  3. Least significant change of the stroke volume - Echocardiography

    off-line analysis of the recorded stroke volume change before the test

    Time frame: 5 minutes before FC administration

  4. ROC curve - PICCO

    ROC curve analysis of stroke volume changes after mini fluid challenge infusion

    Time frame: 1 minute after mini fluid challenge infusion

  5. ROC curve - MOSTCARE

    ROC curve analysis of stroke volume changes after mini fluid challenge infusion

    Time frame: 1 minute after mini fluid challenge infusion

  6. ROC curve - Echocardiograhy

    ROC curve analysis of stroke volume changes after mini fluid challenge infusion

    Time frame: 1 minute after mini fluid challenge infusion

  7. Agreement stroke volume estimation - MOSTCARE versus PICCO

    Agreements between stroke volume data are determined using the Bland-Altman method, with the bias calculated as the mean difference between methods and reflecting the measurement error between the two tests.

    Time frame: immediately after the procedure

  8. Agreement stroke volume estimation - Echocardiography versus PICCO

    Agreements between stroke volume data are determined using the Bland-Altman method, with the bias calculated as the mean difference between methods and reflecting the measurement error between the two tests.

    Time frame: immediately after the procedure

08

Study locations

2 sites
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Messina A, Lionetti G, Foti L, Bellotti E, Marcomini N, Cammarota G, Bennett V, Saderi L, Sotgiu G, Della Corte F, Protti A, Monge Garcia MI, Romagnoli S, Cecconi M. Mini fluid chAllenge aNd End-expiratory occlusion test to assess flUid responsiVEness in the opeRating room (MANEUVER study): A multicentre cohort study. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2021 Apr 1;38(4):422-431. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001406. PubMed 33399372 ↗
  • de Courson H, Ferrer L, Cane G, Verchere E, Sesay M, Nouette-Gaulain K, Biais M. Evaluation of least significant changes of pulse contour analysis-derived parameters. Ann Intensive Care. 2019 Oct 11;9(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s13613-019-0590-z. PubMed 31602550 ↗
  • Georges D, de Courson H, Lanchon R, Sesay M, Nouette-Gaulain K, Biais M. End-expiratory occlusion maneuver to predict fluid responsiveness in the intensive care unit: an echocardiographic study. Crit Care. 2018 Feb 8;22(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1938-0. PubMed 29415773 ↗
  • Messina A, Dell'Anna A, Baggiani M, Torrini F, Maresca GM, Bennett V, Saderi L, Sotgiu G, Antonelli M, Cecconi M. Functional hemodynamic tests: a systematic review and a metanalysis on the reliability of the end-expiratory occlusion test and of the mini-fluid challenge in predicting fluid responsiveness. Crit Care. 2019 Jul 29;23(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2545-z. PubMed 31358025 ↗
  • Shi R, Monnet X, Teboul JL. Parameters of fluid responsiveness. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2020 Jun;26(3):319-326. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000723. PubMed 32332283 ↗
  • Vistisen ST, Scheeren TWL. Challenge of the Mini-fluid Challenge: Filling Twice without Creating a Self-fulfilling Prophecy Design. Anesthesiology. 2018 May;128(5):1043-1044. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002141. No abstract available. PubMed 29664782 ↗
  • Biais M, de Courson H, Lanchon R, Pereira B, Bardonneau G, Griton M, Sesay M, Nouette-Gaulain K. Mini-fluid Challenge of 100 ml of Crystalloid Predicts Fluid Responsiveness in the Operating Room. Anesthesiology. 2017 Sep;127(3):450-456. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001753. PubMed 28640019 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Aug 2025; primary completion for Aug 2025, 0 months later.

Of 188 non-industry observational studies under Shock, Septic, half reached primary completion within 25 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 13 and three quarters within 47. This study's planned 0 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 201 studies reached it within 25 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 47.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 11, 2021
First posted
Jun 22, 2021
StartEst.
Aug 1, 2025
Primary completionEst.
Aug 1, 2025
CompletionEst.
Aug 1, 2025
Last update
Jun 29, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 29, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04934943
Lead sponsor
Humanitas Clinical and Research Center
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 22, 2021
Start date
Aug 1, 2025 (estimated)
Primary completion
Aug 1, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 1, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 29, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jun 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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