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RecruitingNCT04367883Updated Mar 25, 2026

Influenza Vaccination, ACEI and ARB in the Evolution of SARS-CoV2 Infection

An observational study in COVID19, Influenza Vaccination and ACE Inhibitors, sponsored by Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa. Recruiting at 1 site in Spain. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-25.

Sponsored by Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Mar 2020; still recruiting 6 years 8 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
3,000
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Some authors have proposed the use of the flu vaccine to reduce the severity of COVID-19 cases, while some have proposed the use of ACE Inhibitors (ACEI) or Angiotensin Receptor blockers (ARB), since this virus shares hemagglutinin as a transmission mechanism and acts on the ACE2 enzyme during infection.

Other authors described how none of the elderly patients receiving antihistamines and azythromycin in two nursing homes in Toledo -Spain- during the first wave died or needed hospital admission, even considering that 100% of residents had a positive serological test after that wave. Other authors have described a positive evolution in patients receiving amantadine for their Parkinson's disease.

The aim is to evaluate whether the admitted patients who are previously vaccinated or those who were already receiving these treatments showed a better evolution.

Read the detailed description

The number COVID cases would be related to hospital admissions. Among hospital admissions, the number of previous treatments, the length of admission, the need or not of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and their final status (survivors or non survivors) would be studied.

If patients that previously received the influenza vaccine or treated with ACEI, ARB, antihistamines or amantadine showed a better evolution, it would be proposed to extend vaccination and the inclusion of ACE inhibitors, ARB, antihistamines or amantadine in the treatment of infection.

02

Conditions studied

  • COVID19
  • Influenza Vaccination
  • ACE Inhibitors
  • ARB
  • Antihistamine Allergy
  • Amantadine
03

In context

COVID-19

7,990 studies on the registry are indexed under COVID-19; 466 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 3,000 is above the median of 268 across 3,208 observational studies indexed under COVID-19.

Browse COVID-19 studies →

Lead sponsor

Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa is the lead sponsor of 41 studies on the registry; 15 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

All hospital admissions in the Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020 were innitially included.

Population of reference: the population assigned to the Terrassa Health Consortium population.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Hospital Admissions at the Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020 for any cause.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None.
  • For comparison of percentage of Influenza vaccination, ACEI and ARB vs general population, patients from outside the reference area of the Terrassa Health Consortium would be excluded.
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
3,000 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome and thrombosis among COVID cases in CST population

    Observation of patient characteristics of hospital incomes in Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020. No intervention is performed.

    Drug: Antihistamine · Drug: Amantadine · Drug: ACEI · Drug: ARB · Other: Influenza vaccine and COVID

  • Evolution of COVID cases in patients receiving antihistamines

    COVID cases, hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome, thrombosis and deaths related to COVID from march 1, 2020 in patients of the participating institutions receiving chronic treatment with antihistamines. No intervention is performed.

    Drug: Antihistamine

  • Evolution of COVID cases in patients receiving amantadine.

    COVID cases, hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome, thrombosis and deaths related to COVID from march 1, 2020 in patients of the participating institutions receiving chronic treatment with amantadine. No intervention is performed.

    Drug: Amantadine

Interventions

  • No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.

    Also known as: Antihistamines for COVID

  • No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study

    Also known as: Amantadine for COVID

  • DrugACEI

    No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.

    Also known as: ACEI and COVID

  • DrugARB

    No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.

    Also known as: ARB and COVID

  • OtherInfluenza vaccine and COVID

    No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. hospital output

    exitus vs hospital output

    Time frame: from March 1, 2020.

Secondary outcomes

  1. hospital stay

    length of the hospital stay

    Time frame: From March 1, 2020.

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Zhang L, Liu Y. Potential interventions for novel coronavirus in China: A systematic review. J Med Virol. 2020 May;92(5):479-490. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25707. Epub 2020 Mar 3. PubMed 32052466 ↗
  • Gurwitz D. Angiotensin receptor blockers as tentative SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. Drug Dev Res. 2020 Aug;81(5):537-540. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21656. Epub 2020 Mar 4. PubMed 32129518 ↗
  • Moran Blanco JI, Alvarenga Bonilla JA, Homma S, Suzuki K, Fremont-Smith P, Villar Gomez de Las Heras K. Antihistamines and azithromycin as a treatment for COVID-19 on primary health care - A retrospective observational study in elderly patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Apr;67:101989. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.101989. Epub 2021 Jan 16. PubMed 33465426 ↗
  • Cortes-Borra A, Aranda-Abreu GE. Amantadine in the prevention of clinical symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2. Pharmacol Rep. 2021 Jun;73(3):962-965. doi: 10.1007/s43440-021-00231-5. Epub 2021 Feb 18. PubMed 33604795 ↗
  • Puigdellivol-Sanchez A, Juanes-Gonzalez M, Calderon-Valdiviezo A, Valls-Foix R, Gonzalez-Salvador M, Lozano-Paz C, Vidal-Alaball J. COVID-19 in Relation to Polypharmacy and Immunization (2020-2024). Viruses. 2024 Sep 27;16(10):1533. doi: 10.3390/v16101533. PubMed 39459868 ↗
  • Puigdellivol-Sanchez A, Juanes-Gonzalez M, Calderon-Valdiviezo AI, Losa-Puig H, Gonzalez-Salvador M, Leon-Perez M, Pueyo-Anton L, Franco-Romero M, Lozano-Paz C, Cortes-Borra A, Valls-Foix R. COVID-19 Pandemic Waves and 2024-2025 Winter Season in Relation to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Amantadine. Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 27;13(11):1270. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13111270. PubMed 40508884 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 25, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04367883
Lead sponsor
Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa
Collaborators
Fundacio d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol i Gurina, Institut Català de la Salut
Responsible party
Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez (M.D., Ph.D., Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 29, 2020
Start date
Mar 1, 2020
Primary completion
Jan 19, 2025
Completion
Feb 24, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Mar 25, 2026

Study contacts

Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Ph.D.
Contact
apuigdellivol@cst.cat
34-93-5884555
Mar Muñoz
Contact
Reserca@cst.cat
34-93-7003657 ext. 1895
Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Ph D
principal investigator · Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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