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CompletedNCT03338907Updated Feb 20, 2019

CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) - Cerebral Oxygenation

A Phase 2 interventional study of Oxycarbon (5% CO2+ 95% O2) in Hypoxia, Brain, sponsored by University of Zurich. Completed at 1 site in Switzerland. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-02-20.

Sponsored by University of Zurich · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
30
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Several projects in high altitude research in environments with a low oxygen partial pressure (hypobaric hypoxia) leading to hypoxemia showed, that cerebral perfusion and cerebral performance could be improved by adding C02 (cabon dioxide).

The investigators hypothesize that adding 5% C02 to 02 (Oxygen) also under normobaric conditions increases the time until a significant cerebral hyopxia is measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) compared to the administration of 95% 02.

lf this hypothesis proves to be true, this approach might be used in situations in which individuals are prone to cerebral hypoxia. In bariatric surgery, patients that experience an apnea phase are more prone to (cerebral) hypoxia due to the fact, that they have a higher body mass index (BMI) leading to a reduced functional residual capacity (FRC), which serves as the oxygen reserve in the body.

Read the detailed description

On the day of surgery patients will be randomized. After induction of anesthesia and endotracheal intubation patients will be managed by the study team to perform the intervention and the measurements.

According to randomization, investigational medical product (IMP) or comparator will be administrated by ventilator 1/ventilator 2.

At time point 1 apnea will be performed by disconnecting the ventilator from the endotracheal tube until the NIRS value has dropped by 20% from baseline. After that, re-ventilation will be resumed immediately, until parameters have returned to baseline.

During apnea time NIRS and vital signs will be recorded permanently, blood samples will be drawn at definite time points.

Application of IMP (or comparator) will be performed in this cross-over study design in the same manner after the baseline level is reached again.

At the end of the study procedure, after the baseline level of end-expiratory CO2 is reached again, patient will be taken over by the clinical anesthesia team and surgeons.

02

Conditions studied

  • Hypoxia, Brain

Keywords

  • cerebral hypoxia
  • CO2
  • cerebral perfusion
  • hypoxia
03

In context

Hypoxia, Brain

81 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypoxia, Brain; 19 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 30 is below the median of 60 across 55 interventional studies indexed under Hypoxia, Brain.

Browse Hypoxia, Brain studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Zurich is the lead sponsor of 1,049 studies on the registry; 133 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients who are designated for bariatric surgery at the University Hospital Zurich (USZ)
  • as documented by signature
  • >35 kg/m2

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Severe end-organ damage: chronic obstuctive pulmonary disease () GOLD (cassification) III and IV, known hepatic insufficiency or elevated liver enzymes, renal \<30ml/min
  • Severe cardiovascular disease ( classification III and IV)
  • Known pulmonary Hypertension
  • Cerebrovascular disease
  • Pregnancy and lactation
  • Cardiac dysrhythmias
  • acidosis, chronic pulmonary disease
  • Known or suspected non-compliance, drug or alcohol abuse
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(5)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Creatinine clearance (CrCl)

How quickly the kidneys clear creatinine, a waste product, from the blood. A study may estimate it from a blood test with age, weight and sex (often by the Cockcroft–Gault formula), or measure it using blood and urine collected over a set time. Given in mL/min; higher is better.

NYHA class (heart failure)

The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.

I
No limits: ordinary activity causes no undue tiredness or breathlessness.
II
Slight limits: comfortable at rest, ordinary activity causes symptoms.
III
Marked limits: comfortable at rest, less than ordinary activity causes symptoms.
IV
Symptoms even at rest; any activity makes them worse.

Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
30 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Oxycarbon (5% CO2 + 95% O2)

    Patients will be mechanical ventilated with Oxycarbon (5%CO2 +95% O2) after normocapnia is reached until FeO2 is stable for at least 1 min ≥ 80%. At timepoint 1 immediately prior apnea NIRS and vital parameters will be registered and an bloodsample will be drawn.

    Drug: Oxycarbon (5% CO2+ 95% O2)

  • Placebo comparator
    Control (95% O2)

    Same procedure as arm "active comparator"

    Drug: Oxycarbon (5% CO2+ 95% O2)

Interventions

  • DrugOxycarbon (5% CO2+ 95% O2)

    Oxycarbon will be administered by mechanical ventilation

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Time to decrease of tissue oxygenation index by 20 %

    Parameter will be measured by NIRS

    Time frame: 1 Day

Secondary outcomes

  1. PaO2 (Oxygen partial pressure)

    Parametere will be measured by arterial bloodgas

    Time frame: 1 Day

  2. SpO2 (oxygen saturation)

    Parametere will be measured by arterial bloodgas

    Time frame: 1 Day

  3. PCO2 ( partial pressure of carbon)

    Parametere will be measured by arterial bloodgas

    Time frame: 1Day

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University Hospital Zurich
    Zurich, Switzerland
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Kety SS, Schmidt CF. THE EFFECTS OF ALTERED ARTERIAL TENSIONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND CEREBRAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF NORMAL YOUNG MEN. J Clin Invest. 1948 Jul;27(4):484-92. doi: 10.1172/JCI101995. No abstract available. PubMed 16695569 ↗
  • Karl AA, McMillan GR, Ward SL, Kissen AT, Souder ME. Effects of increased ambient CO2 on brain tissue oxygenation and performance in the hypoxic rhesus. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978 Aug;49(8):984-9. PubMed 98161 ↗
  • Brzecka A. Role of hypercapnia in brain oxygenation in sleep-disordered breathing. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2007;67(2):197-206. doi: 10.55782/ane-2007-1648. PubMed 17691228 ↗
  • Kronenberg RS, Drage CW. Attenuation of the ventilatory and heart rate responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia with aging in normal men. J Clin Invest. 1973 Aug;52(8):1812-9. doi: 10.1172/JCI107363. PubMed 4719663 ↗
  • Hannay DR, Maddox EJ. Symptom prevalence and referral behaviour in Glasgow. Soc Sci Med (1967). 1976 Mar-Apr;10(3-4):185-9. doi: 10.1016/0037-7856(76)90046-9. No abstract available. PubMed 968505 ↗
  • Ainslie PN, Poulin MJ. Ventilatory, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular interactions in acute hypoxia: regulation by carbon dioxide. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2004 Jul;97(1):149-59. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01385.2003. Epub 2004 Mar 5. PubMed 15004003 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Ist not planned to share data with other researchers

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Oct 2018, 9 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 30, 2017
First posted
Nov 9, 2017
StartActual
Jan 25, 2018
Primary completionActual
Oct 26, 2018
CompletionActual
Feb 12, 2019
Last update
Feb 20, 2019
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 20, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03338907
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 9, 2017
Start date
Jan 25, 2018
Primary completion
Oct 26, 2018
Completion
Feb 12, 2019
Last update
Feb 20, 2019

Study contacts

Martin Schläpfer, MD, M.Sc.
principal investigator · University of Zurich

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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