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CompletedNCT03307070Updated Apr 10, 2023

Adapted Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Depression in Patients With Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

An interventional study of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with TBI and Waitlist Control in Major Depressive Disorder and Traumatic Brain Injury, sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-04-10.

Sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
62
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Cognitive behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) was adapted for individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) (CBT-TBI). A structured, treatment manual was developed.

The primary aim is to evaluate the acceptability and tolerability of, and adherence to, CBT-TBI in a randomized waitlist-controlled, 12-week pilot trial (N=40).

The exploratory aim is to evaluate the potential efficacy of CBT-TBI for MDD in the randomized pilot trial (N=40) and possible moderators and mediators of outcome.

Read the detailed description

The primary aim of this study is to develop a highly acceptable, manualized treatment (CBT-TBI) for MDD in patients with moderate to severe TBI. Initial feasibility data from a small, open pilot will inform the randomized controlled trial. Primary analyses will examine feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. The investigators will then pilot test the efficacy of the intervention to reduce depressive symptoms (IDS-C) after 12 weeks compared to a waitlist control group.

The proposed study involves the following points of contact: (1) Obtaining informed consent and screening (may be broken up into multiple visits), (2) biweekly clinician assessments of depressive and neuropsychiatric symptoms (weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10), (3) weekly self-report assessments of depressive symptoms for those receiving the intervention, (4) 12 weekly individual CBT-TBI sessions for those randomized to the intervention, (5) a comprehensive assessment at week 12 (primary endpoint), which includes the neuropsychological battery, and (6) a 3-month follow-up assessment for those who received the intervention. The week 12 visit can be split into two parts, with the neuropsychological assessment occurring during the second part, in order to accommodate subjects' potential limitations due to fatigue. Procedures for this study were all conducted remotely after March 17, 2020.

02

Conditions studied

  • Major Depressive Disorder
  • Traumatic Brain Injury
03

In context

Depressive Disorder, Major

2,805 studies on the registry are indexed under Depressive Disorder, Major; 565 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 62 is below the median of 80 across 2,338 interventional studies indexed under Depressive Disorder, Major.

Browse Depressive Disorder, Major studies →

Lead sponsor

Massachusetts General Hospital is the lead sponsor of 2,582 studies on the registry; 451 are open to participants now.

Of its 221 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 168 (76%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Adults aged 18 and older
  2. English language proficiency
  3. Ability to provide written, informed consent; OR consent provided by legally authorized representative with assent from subject
  4. Ability to see and hear (hearing or visual loss cannot impair ADLs or in-room conversation)
  5. Has access to a smartphone/tablet/computer with internet and video capabilities for virtual sessions
  6. Having been hospitalized for moderate to severe TBI that occurred at least 3 months prior to study entry
  7. Meeting ANY ONE of the following severity criteria, as documented in electronic medical record (EPIC) or available outside records:

    1. GCS 3-12 with GCS motor score ≤ 5 within 4 hours after injury
    2. GCS 3-12 with GCS motor score =6 within 4 hours after injury AND documented intracranial abnormalities on imaging
    3. GCS 13-15 within 4 hours after injury AND documented intracranial abnormalities on imaging
    4. Loss of consciousness (LOC) > 30 min.
    5. Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) > 24 hours
  8. Out of PTA at the time of enrollment (GOAT>75)
  9. Clinically significant depressive symptoms: meets criteria for Major Depressive Episode on the MINI or has a total score ≥ 23 on the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Clinician rated (IDS-C)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Uncontrolled medical illness
  2. Behavioral dyscontrol, defined as the presence of verbally or physically aggressive behavior in the past month, as evidenced in medical records, pre-screening interviews, or observed by any study staff
  3. Presents with PTSD as the primary diagnosis, as determined by a clinician
  4. Substance use disorder, moderate or severe, within the past 6 months
  5. Has bipolar disorder, a primary psychotic disorder or current psychotic symptoms, or acute suicidality or homicidality
  6. Currently receiving regular (≥ 2 times/ mo.) psychosocial treatment for depression
  7. Has participated in CBT for depression within the past 6 months
  8. Individuals with history of dementia or severe cognitive impairment that is not related to TBI (e.g., cognitive impairment requiring assistance with basic activities of daily living, such as getting ready in the morning)
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
62 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Active Group

    Participants who are randomized to begin the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with TBI immediately after screening. This treatment is a version of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) adapted specifically for patients who have experienced a moderate to severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

    Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with TBI

  • Other
    Waitlist Control

    Participants who are randomized to be put on a waitlist after screening. After 12 weeks of being on the waitlist, participants will be offered the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with TBI

    Other: Waitlist Control

Interventions

  • BehavioralCognitive Behavioral Therapy for individuals with TBI

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for depression that has been adapted for a population who has experienced a moderate to severe Traumatic Brain Injury. This is a 12 week long treatment for depression with weekly visits that challenges negative thoughts and behaviors. This version has been specifically developed for the study to account for specific cognitive needs of individuals who have experienced a moderate to severe TBI.

  • OtherWaitlist Control

    Participants will be randomized to a waitlist. They will attend biweekly study sessions for 12 weeks to track progress, but will receive their treatment as usual.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Feasibility - retention/completion rates

    For examining the feasibility of treatment with CBT-TBI, descriptive analyses will be conducted to assess participants' retention/completion rates across study visits.

    Time frame: 12 weeks

  2. Feasibility - drop out rates

    For examining the feasibility of treatment with CBT-TBI, descriptive analyses will be conducted to assess participants' drop-out rates across study visits.

    Time frame: 12 weeks

  3. Feasibility - randomization, recruitment rates

    For examining the feasibility of treatment with CBT-TBI, descriptive analyses will be conducted to assess rate of recruitment and randomization (number randomized/number consented).

    Time frame: 12 weeks

  4. Acceptability - satisfaction with treatment

    Descriptive analyses will be conducted to assess participants' satisfaction with CBT-TBI (Satisfaction with Therapy and Therapist Scale - Revised).

    Time frame: 12 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Efficacy - Treatment Response [Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Clinician Rated (IDS-C)] (Exploratory Aim)

    The IDS-C is a 30-item clinician rated scale that assesses severity of depression. Scores range from 0 to 84, with higher scores indicative of greater depression severity. Descriptive analyses will be performed for percentage of responders (defined as 50% improvement on the IDS-C total) and remitters (≤6 on IDS-C total) at the end of treatment. The percent of responders and remitters in each group will be computed in order to estimate an effect size for a larger trial.

    Time frame: 12 weeks

  2. Efficacy - Treatment Response [Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Clinician Rated (IDS-C)] (Exploratory Aim)

    The IDS-C is a 30-item clinician rated scale that assesses severity of depression. Scores range from 0 to 84, with higher scores indicative of greater depression severity. Change in depressive severity (IDS-C total) scores from baseline to post-treatment will also be analyzed.

    Time frame: 12 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Massachusetts General Hospital
    Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Fisher LB, Tuchman S, Curreri AJ, Markgraf M, Nyer MB, Cassano P, Iverson GL, Fava M, Zafonte RD, Pedrelli P. Transitioning From In-Person to Remote Clinical Research on Depression and Traumatic Brain Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Modifications and Preliminary Feasibility From a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. JMIR Form Res. 2021 Dec 1;5(12):e28734. doi: 10.2196/28734. PubMed 34662285 ↗

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Mar 14, 2023
  • Statistical analysis plan · Mar 7, 2023

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Sep 2017 to primary completion in Nov 2022, 61 months.

Of 612 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Depressive Disorder, Major, half reached primary completion within 31 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 17 and three quarters within 53. This study's 61 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 652 studies reached it within 30 months; a quarter within 16 and three quarters within 53.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 4, 2017
First posted
Oct 11, 2017
StartActual
Sep 23, 2017
Primary completionActual
Nov 18, 2022
CompletionActual
Nov 28, 2022
Last update
Apr 10, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 10, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03307070
Responsible party
Lauren Fisher (Clinical Psychologist, Massachusetts General Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 11, 2017
Start date
Sep 23, 2017
Primary completion
Nov 18, 2022
Completion
Nov 28, 2022
Last update
Apr 10, 2023

Study contacts

Lauren B Fisher, PhD
principal investigator · Massachusetts General Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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