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CompletedNCT03144596Updated May 9, 2017

The Effects of α-adrenergic Receptor Antagonists on Choroid and Pupil

A Phase 4 interventional study of Alfuzosin Hydrochloride 10 MG and Tamsulosin Hydrochloride 0.4 MG in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Pupil Anomaly and Choroid Disease, sponsored by Kocatepe University. Completed. Open to male participants aged 45 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-05-09.

Sponsored by Kocatepe University · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Feb 2016, 10 years 9 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
  • Registered 1 year 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Oct 2015, registered May 2017).
Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
63
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
45 Years and older
Sex
Male
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 14 studies testing alfuzosin in Prostatic Hyperplasia — none open to participants now, none under way, none of them phase 3. alfuzosin · Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Enrollment
12th of 14
63 · median 210
Started
2015
the only one that year
Phase 4
7 of 14
none open now
Registered
14th of 14
by date
Lead sponsor
1 of 14
Kocatepe University

Among the 14 studies testing alfuzosin in Prostatic Hyperplasia, this one is the 12th largest by enrollment, is the only one that started in 2015, is one of 7 in phase 4, and was the 14th registered.

By phase

14 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

Phase 4this study7 · 0 open
Phase 36 · 0 open
Phase 21 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 2001; this study’s year is marked. 1 started in 2015.

Tested beside alfuzosin

Size and results

Median enrollment 210 across the 14 interventional studies. Of the 14 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.

Was this useful?
Download CSVWith an account: the 14 studies testing alfuzosin in Prostatic Hyperplasia as a file.
02

Study summary

It was aimed to evaluate and investigate the effects of tamsulosin hydrochloride, has preferential selectivity for the α1A receptor in the prostat versus the α1B receptor in the blood vessels, and alfuzosin hydrochloride on choroidal thickness (CT), pupil diameter sizes evaluated by using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and scheimpflug/placido photography-based topoghraphy system in this study.

63 men patients with newly diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly assigned to either alfuzosin hydrochloride or to tamsulosin hydrochloride groups in this prospective, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial. Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, pupillography were obtained at baseline, 1st and 3rd month, and choroidal thicknesses and pupil diameter sizes were compared between the 2 groups.

Read the detailed description

The local authorized clinical trials ethics committee approved the study and this study was performed following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Detailed information was given to patients about clinical applications and tests, and signed informed consent forms were also obtained from all patients. 32 right eyes of 32 men with diagnosis of BPH initiated on AH (Xatral®) (10 mg/day) and 31 right eyes of 31 men with diagnosis of BPH initiated on TH (Flomax®) (0.4 mg/day) were included in this self-controlled prospective clinical trial. Urologists in the urology clinic made diagnosis of BPH, and 63 men diagnosis of BPH were directed towards eye clinic. AH or TH treatments were randomly recommended for previously untreated patients with newly diagnosis of BPH by urologists. After providing information to patients about the disease and treatment, patients predicted to show adherence to treatment, were enrolled in the study.

Ophthalmological examinations were performed in all cases. Choroidal thicknesses (CTs) were measured under the fovea, 3 mm nasal to the fovea and 3 mm temporal to the fovea, and they were recorded as submacular (SCT), nasal (NCT) and temporal (TCT) choroidal thicknesses. CTs were measured and recorded by using EDI-OCT imaging (Cirrus HD 4000, Carl Zeis Meditec, CA, USA). Mesopic, scotopic and photopic pupil diameter sizes were measured and recorded by using Scheimpflug/Placido photography-based topography system in the pupillometer mode (Sirius, Italy). CTs, scotopic, mesopic and photopic pupil diameter sizes were measured and recorded at baseline, 1st and 3rd months.

Data obtained from cases were encoded and they were transferred to the computer program. SPSS 20.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical evaluation. Data distribution was tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Baseline values and 1st, 3rd month values were compared by using the repeated measure of ANOVA in intra-group evaluation and independent samples t-test in inter-group evaluation, and the significance level of p-value was accepted as 0,05 (P ≤ 0, 05). Progressions were evaluated by using repeated measures analyses of variance-ANOVA (with the Bonferroni correction) and the correlation between parameters were evaluated by using bivariate (Pearson's) correlation analysis. Positive values and negative values were considered to be correlated in the same direction and opposite direction, respectively in correlation analysis. Correlation coefficient values r ≥ \|± 0.3\| were accepted as correlation; and the significance level of P value that was below 0,05 was evaluated as the significant correlation.

03

Conditions studied

  • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
  • Pupil Anomaly
  • Choroid Disease
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
45 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Male
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≥ 0.8
  • Diagnosis of BPH and initiation of alfuzosin hydrochloride or tamsulosin hydrochloride treatments
  • 45 years of age or older man

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Occluded angle by gonioscopy (grade 0, narrow angle, grade I, grade II)
  • Corneal scarring or cataract that prevents appearance of the fundus
  • Formation of macular or peripheral retinal pathologies or choroidopathy
  • Optic nerve pathologies such as optic neuropathy
  • Spherical refractive error ≥ ±6.00 D or cylinder refractive error ≥ ±3.00 D
  • Systemic diseases that may affect choroidal blood flow
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
63 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Alfuzosin Hydrochloride

    Alfuzosin hydrochloride 10 mg tablet by mouth, every 24 hours for 3 months

    Drug: Alfuzosin Hydrochloride 10 MG

  • Active comparator
    Tamsulosin Hydrochloride

    Tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.4 mg tablet by mouth, every 24 hours for 3 months

    Drug: Tamsulosin Hydrochloride 0.4 MG

Interventions

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change from baseline choroidal thicknesses at 3 months

    Choroidal thicknesses (CTs) measurement under the fovea, 3 mm nasal to the fovea and 3 mm temporal to the fovea at baseline, 1st and 3rd month, and recording as submacular (SCT), nasal (NCT) and temporal (TCT) choroidal thicknesses.

    Time frame: 1 month and 2 months

  2. Change from baseline pupil diameter sizes at 3 months

    Mesopic, scotopic and photopic pupil diameter sizes measurement at baseline, 1st and 3rd months

    Time frame: 1 month and 2 months

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, Ewing LL. The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J Urol. 1984 Sep;132(3):474-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)49698-4. PubMed 6206240 ↗
  • Yuan J, Liu Y, Yang Z, Qin X, Yang K, Mao C. The efficacy and safety of alpha-1 blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an overview of 15 systematic reviews. Curr Med Res Opin. 2013 Mar;29(3):279-87. doi: 10.1185/03007995.2013.766594. Epub 2013 Jan 29. PubMed 23323875 ↗
  • McVary KT, Roehrborn CG, Avins AL, Barry MJ, Bruskewitz RC, Donnell RF, Foster HE Jr, Gonzalez CM, Kaplan SA, Penson DF, Ulchaker JC, Wei JT. Update on AUA guideline on the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2011 May;185(5):1793-803. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.01.074. Epub 2011 Mar 21. PubMed 21420124 ↗
  • Filson CP, Hollingsworth JM, Clemens JQ, Wei JT. The efficacy and safety of combined therapy with alpha-blockers and anticholinergics for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis. J Urol. 2013 Dec;190(6):2153-60. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.05.058. Epub 2013 May 30. PubMed 23727412 ↗
  • Osman NI, Chapple CR, Cruz F, Desgrandchamps F, Llorente C, Montorsi F. Silodosin : a new subtype selective alpha-1 antagonist for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012 Oct;13(14):2085-96. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2012.714368. Epub 2012 Aug 28. PubMed 22924980 ↗
  • Oelke M, Gericke A, Michel MC. Cardiovascular and ocular safety of alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonists in the treatment of male lower urinary tract symptoms. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014 Sep;13(9):1187-97. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2014.936376. Epub 2014 Jul 29. PubMed 25073735 ↗
  • Hollingsworth JM, Wilt TJ. Lower urinary tract symptoms in men. BMJ. 2014 Aug 14;349:g4474. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g4474. PubMed 25125424 ↗
  • Schwinn DA, Michelotti GA. alpha1-adrenergic receptors in the lower urinary tract and vascular bed: potential role for the alpha1d subtype in filling symptoms and effects of ageing on vascular expression. BJU Int. 2000 Apr;85 Suppl 2:6-11. doi: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2000.00061.x. No abstract available. PubMed 10781179 ↗
  • Hatano A, Takahashi H, Tamaki M, Komeyama T, Koizumi T, Takeda M. Pharmacological evidence of distinct alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating the contraction of human prostatic urethra and peripheral artery. Br J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;113(3):723-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb17053.x. PubMed 7858860 ↗
  • de Mey C. alpha(1)-blockers for BPH: are there differences? Eur Urol. 1999;36 Suppl 3:52-63. doi: 10.1159/000052349. PubMed 10559631 ↗
  • Dunn CJ, Matheson A, Faulds DM. Tamsulosin: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the management of lower urinary tract symptoms. Drugs Aging. 2002;19(2):135-61. doi: 10.2165/00002512-200219020-00004. PubMed 11950378 ↗
  • Bird ST, Delaney JA, Brophy JM, Etminan M, Skeldon SC, Hartzema AG. Tamsulosin treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia and risk of severe hypotension in men aged 40-85 years in the United States: risk window analyses using between and within patient methodology. BMJ. 2013 Nov 5;347:f6320. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6320. PubMed 24192967 ↗
  • Chrischilles E, Rubenstein L, Chao J, Kreder KJ, Gilden D, Shah H. Initiation of nonselective alpha1-antagonist therapy and occurrence of hypotension-related adverse events among men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Ther. 2001 May;23(5):727-43. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80022-9. PubMed 11394731 ↗
  • Chang DF, Campbell JR. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome associated with tamsulosin. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2005 Apr;31(4):664-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2005.02.027. PubMed 15899440 ↗
  • Abdel-Aziz S, Mamalis N. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2009 Jan;20(1):37-41. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32831bc0ad. PubMed 19077827 ↗
  • Mamalis N. Intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome associated with systemic alpha blockers. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Jul;34(7):1051-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.05.017. No abstract available. PubMed 18571055 ↗
  • Chang DF, Braga-Mele R, Mamalis N, Masket S, Miller KM, Nichamin LD, Packard RB, Packer M; ASCRS Cataract Clinical Committee. ASCRS White Paper: clinical review of intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008 Dec;34(12):2153-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.08.031. PubMed 19027575 ↗
  • Nickla DL, Wallman J. The multifunctional choroid. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2010 Mar;29(2):144-68. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002. Epub 2009 Dec 29. PubMed 20044062 ↗
  • Konno F, Takayanagi I. Characterization of postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the rabbit iris dilator smooth muscle. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1986 Jul;333(3):271-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00512940. PubMed 2876390 ↗
  • Shapiro BL, Petrovic V, Lee SE, Flach A, McCaffery S, O'Brien JM. Choroidal detachment following the use of tamsulosin (Flomax). Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Feb;143(2):351-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.09.032. Epub 2006 Oct 23. PubMed 17258532 ↗
  • Kerimoglu H, Zengin N, Ozturk B, Gunduz K. Unilateral chemosis, acute onset myopia and choroidal detachment following the use of tamsulosin. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar;88(2):e20-1. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01503.x. Epub 2009 Mar 19. No abstract available. PubMed 19302075 ↗
  • Nieminen T, Ylitalo R, Koobi T, Ylitalo P, Kahonen M. The vasodilatory effect of alfuzosin and tamsulosin in passive orthostasis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur Urol. 2005 Mar;47(3):340-5. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.11.002. Epub 2004 Dec 29. PubMed 15716198 ↗
  • Gu N, Kim J, Lim KS, Shin KH, Kim TE, Lee B, Shin SG, Jang IJ, Yu KS. Assessment of the effect of mirodenafil on the hemodynamics of healthy male Korean volunteers administered tamsulosin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-period crossover study. Clin Ther. 2012 Sep;34(9):1929-39. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.08.002. Epub 2012 Aug 24. PubMed 22921287 ↗
  • Kiel JW, Lovell MO. Adrenergic modulation of choroidal blood flow in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Mar;37(4):673-9. PubMed 8595968 ↗
  • Tanabe H, Ito Y, Iguchi Y, Ozawa S, Ishikawa K, Terasaki H. Correlation between cross-sectional shape of choroidal veins and choroidal thickness. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2011 Nov;55(6):614-9. doi: 10.1007/s10384-011-0079-2. Epub 2011 Aug 27. PubMed 21874308 ↗
  • Vance SK, Imamura Y, Freund KB. The effects of sildenafil citrate on choroidal thickness as determined by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Retina. 2011 Feb;31(2):332-5. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181eef0ae. PubMed 20975620 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Oct 2015 to primary completion in Feb 2016, 3 months.

Of 28 phase 4 interventional studies under Prostatic Hyperplasia, half reached primary completion within 23 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 26. This study's 3 months is below that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 2, 2017
First posted
May 9, 2017
StartActual
Oct 29, 2015
Primary completionActual
Feb 3, 2016
CompletionActual
Nov 19, 2016
Last update
May 9, 2017
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 9, 2017, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03144596
Lead sponsor
Kocatepe University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
May 9, 2017
Start date
Oct 29, 2015
Primary completion
Feb 3, 2016
Completion
Nov 19, 2016
Last update
May 9, 2017

Study contacts

Mustafa Dogan, Asst. Prof.
study director · Afyon Kocatepe University Eye Clinics

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in May 2017. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Alfuzosin

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