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CompletedNCT01223677Updated Dec 3, 2014

Rumination-focused CBT Training for the Prevention of Depression and Anxiety

A Phase 1 interventional study of Rumination Focused CBT in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, sponsored by VU University of Amsterdam. Completed at 1 site in Netherlands. Open to participants aged 15 Years to 22 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2014-12-03.

Sponsored by VU University of Amsterdam · Phase 1, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
251
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
15 Years to 22 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Depression and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and associated with reduced quality of life for patients and enormous economic costs for society. Although effective treatments are available, a substantial number of patients fail to respond, and the time between disorder onset and treatment is typically long. The development of prevention programs therefore appears promising. The current project aims to prevent depression and anxiety by targeting excessive levels of worry and rumination, two important risk factors for emotional disorders. Participants will be selected on the basis of a high score on two validated questionnaires on worry and rumination. They will be randomly assigned to a rumination-focused cognitive-behavioral training delivered in a group format, a rumination-focused cognitive-behavioral training delivered via internet, or a no-training control condition. It is expected that both versions of the rumination-focused training will reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, will reduce the incidence of major depressive episodes and generalized anxiety disorder, and will reduce symptom levels of other emotional disorders.

Read the detailed description

see above

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Conditions studied

  • Depression
  • Anxiety Disorders
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In context

Depression

8,057 studies on the registry are indexed under Depression; 1,641 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 251 is above the median of 84 across 6,720 interventional studies indexed under Depression.

Browse Depression studies →

Lead sponsor

VU University of Amsterdam is the lead sponsor of 47 studies on the registry; 7 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
15 Years to 22 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • A score above the 75% and 66.7% percentile on two validated self-report measures of rumination and worry, the Ruminative Response Scale of the Response Style Questionnaire (RSQ; Nolen-Hoeksema \& Morrow, 1991), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ; Meyer et al. 1990).

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • A score indicating fulfillment of DSM-IV criteria for depression or generalized anxiety disorder according to the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer, \& Williams, 2001) or the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-IV (GADQ-IV; Newman et al., 2002)
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Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
251 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    rumination focused CBT

    RFCBT-group. This group training is based on research showing that dysfunctional forms of rumination are characterized by an abstract evaluative style of processing, whereas functional forms of of processing are more concrete and process-focused. The training uses psycho-education, functional analysis, group discussion, experiential exercises and behavioral experiments to facilitate the shift from dysfunctional ruminative thinking to a more helpful concrete thinking style.

    Behavioral: Rumination Focused CBT

  • Active comparator
    rumination focused CBT (online)

    The online training is based on research showing that dysfunctional forms of rumination are characterized by an abstract evaluative style of processing, whereas functional forms of of processing are more concrete and process-focused. The training uses psycho-education, functional analysis, experiential exercises and behavioral experiments to facilitate the shift from dysfunctional ruminative thinking to a more helpful concrete thinking style.

    Behavioral: Rumination Focused CBT

  • No intervention
    No training control group

    No training control group. Participants within this condition received no treatment, but only filled out the outcome measures at each measurement period.

Interventions

  • BehavioralRumination Focused CBT

    see arms

    Also known as: RFCBT

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

    self-report questionnaire of depressive symptom severity

    Time frame: 1 year after training has ended

Secondary outcomes

  1. Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ-30)

    Symptom severity of anxiety

    Time frame: 1 year after training has ended

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Study locations

1 site
  • University of Amsterdam
    Amsterdam, Noord-Holland 1018XA, Netherlands
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References and documents

Publications

  • Watkins ER, Moberly NJ. Concreteness training reduces dysphoria: a pilot proof-of-principle study. Behav Res Ther. 2009 Jan;47(1):48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2008.10.014. Epub 2008 Oct 21. PubMed 19036353 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 3, 2014, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01223677
Lead sponsor
VU University of Amsterdam
Collaborators
ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
Responsible party
Thomas Ehring (PhD., Universität Münster) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 19, 2010
Start date
Oct 2010
Primary completion
Sep 2014
Completion
Sep 2014
Last update
Dec 3, 2014

Study contacts

Thomas Ehring, PhD
principal investigator · Westfalische Wilhelms Universitat Munster

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Dec 2014. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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