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CompletedNCT00552097ENHANCEUpdated Aug 15, 2024

Effect of Ezetimibe Plus Simvastatin Versus Simvastatin Alone on Atherosclerosis in the Carotid Artery (ENHANCE)(P02578)

A Phase 3 interventional study of ezetimibe (plus simvastatin) and placebo (plus simvastatin) in Atherosclerosis, Hypercholesterolemia and Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, sponsored by Organon and Co. Completed. Open to participants aged 30 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-08-15.

Sponsored by Organon and Co · Phase 3, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 5 years 4 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jun 2002, registered Oct 2007).
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
720
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
30 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of the study is to determine whether ezetimibe plus simvastatin will be more effective than simvastatin alone in preventing progression of atherosclerosis of the inner layer of the carotid artery.

02

Conditions studied

  • Atherosclerosis
  • Hypercholesterolemia
  • Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II
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In context

Atherosclerosis

1,567 studies on the registry are indexed under Atherosclerosis; 264 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 720 is above the median of 106 across 882 interventional studies indexed under Atherosclerosis.

Browse Atherosclerosis studies →

Lead sponsor

Organon and Co is the lead sponsor of 478 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Of its 21 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 17 (81%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
30 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Genotype-confirmed heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia with written documentation of the genetic diagnosis at the time of screening and LDL-C >=210 mg/dL (5.43 mmol/L), or clinical diagnosis of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, defined as LDL-C >=210 mg/dL (5.43 mmol/L) and at least one of the following:

    • tendinous xanthoma
    • child \<18 years of age with hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C >159 mg/dL (4.11 mmol/L)
    • has a sibling with hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C >190 mg/dL [4.91 mmol/L]) and tendinous xanthoma
    • family history with an LDL-C value distribution pattern compatible with dominant autosomal transmission and at least one relative presenting fasting total cholesterol values >348 mg/dL (9.0 mmol/L) after exclusion of secondary causes of dyslipidemia
  • LDL-C >=210 mg/dL (5.43 mmol/L) 1 week before randomization
  • plasma triglyceride level \<=400 mg/dL (4.52 mmol/L)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • pregnancy or any other situation, condition, or illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with optimal participation in the study
  • presence of an apolipoprotein B gene mutation with confirmed absence of an LDL receptor mutation in either allele
  • undergoing LDL-apheresis or plasma apheresis
  • unsuitable plaque or artery morphology
  • use of certain drugs, foods, or other agents known to alter cholesterol levels or to cause pharmacokinetic interactions with either ezetimibe or simvastatin
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
720 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    EZ/Simva

    Drug: ezetimibe (plus simvastatin)

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo/Simva

    Drug: placebo (plus simvastatin)

Interventions

  • Drugezetimibe (plus simvastatin)

    oral tablets; ezetimibe 10 mg (plus simvastatin 80 mg) once daily for 24 months

    Also known as: ZETIA, VYTORIN, SCH 58235, SCH 465981

  • Drugplacebo (plus simvastatin)

    tablets; placebo to match ezetimibe 10 mg (plus simvastatin 80 mg) once daily for 24 months

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in ultrasound-determined average carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) on a per subject basis between baseline and endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Proportion of subjects with a reduction in ultrasound-determined average carotid artery IMT between baseline and endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

  2. Change in ultrasound-determined maximum carotid artery IMT on a per subject basis between baseline and endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

  3. Proportion of subjects developing new carotid artery plaques between baseline and endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

  4. Change in ultrasound-determined average carotid artery plus average common femoral artery IMT on a per subject basis between baseline and endpoint.

    Time frame: 24 months

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Kastelein JJ, Sager PT, de Groot E, Veltri E. Comparison of ezetimibe plus simvastatin versus simvastatin monotherapy on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolemia. Design and rationale of the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression (ENHANCE) trial. Am Heart J. 2005 Feb;149(2):234-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.06.024. PubMed 15846260 ↗
  • Kastelein JJ, Akdim F, Stroes ES, Zwinderman AH, Bots ML, Stalenhoef AF, Visseren FL, Sijbrands EJ, Trip MD, Stein EA, Gaudet D, Duivenvoorden R, Veltri EP, Marais AD, de Groot E; ENHANCE Investigators. Simvastatin with or without ezetimibe in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2008 Apr 3;358(14):1431-43. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0800742. Epub 2008 Mar 30. Erratum In: N Engl J Med. 2008 May 1;358(18):1977. PubMed 18376000 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 15, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00552097
Lead sponsor
Organon and Co
Collaborators
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 1, 2007
Start date
Jun 1, 2002
Primary completion
Apr 25, 2006
Completion
Apr 25, 2006
Last update
Aug 15, 2024

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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