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Not yet recruitingNCT07771062VRUpdated Aug 18, 2026

Virtual Reality and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training

An interventional study of Training in VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training and Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training, sponsored by Sakarya University. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 22 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-18.

Sponsored by Sakarya University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
90
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
22 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses. The study will evaluate whether these different educational methods affect nurses' knowledge, psychomotor skills, attitudes toward diabetic foot care, and satisfaction with the training.

Read the detailed description

To compare the effectiveness of VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional training for diabetic foot wound care among nurses.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Do VR simulation, moulage simulation, and conventional role-play training differ in their effects on nurses' knowledge of diabetic foot care?
  2. Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' psychomotor skills related to diabetic foot wound care?
  3. Do the three training methods differ in their effects on nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care?
  4. Do nurses' satisfaction levels differ according to the training method they receive?

Researchers will compare nurses assigned to the VR simulation group, the moulage simulation group, and the conventional role-play group to determine whether VR and moulage-based simulation provide greater educational benefits than conventional role-play training.

02

Conditions studied

  • VR Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training
  • Moulage Simulation in Diabetic Foot Wound Care Training

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Keywords

  • virtual reality
  • moulage
  • simulation
  • diabetic wound care
  • nurse
  • training
03

In context

Diabetic Foot

1,077 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetic Foot; 222 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 90 is above the median of 60 across 847 interventional studies indexed under Diabetic Foot.

Browse Diabetic Foot studies →

Lead sponsor

Sakarya University is the lead sponsor of 190 studies on the registry; 53 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
22 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Being a graduate with a bachelor's degree in nursing
  • Volunteering to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have graduated from a vocational high school specializing in healthcare or have completed a program in the healthcare field.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Care provider)
Enrollment
90 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Moulage Simulation

    Training on diabetic wound care will be provided using moulage simulation techniques on high-fidelity simulators.

    Other: Training

  • Experimental
    Virtual Reality Simulation

    Training on diabetic foot ulcer care will be provided using VR headsets.

    Other: Training

  • No intervention
    Conventional Training

    Following the theoretical training they receive through conventional teaching methods, they will apply their wound care skills using low-fidelity simulators.

Interventions

  • OtherTraining

    Training on diabetic foot wound care

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Diabetic Foot Knowledge Test

    It consists of a total of 20 questions developed by researchers in accordance with the literature on diabetic foot care and designed to assess the level of knowledge regarding diabetic foot care.

    Time frame: 3 months

  2. Attitude Scale Towards Diabetic Foot Care

    The scale, which consists of three sections, is a 10-item measure that evaluates nurses' attitudes toward diabetic foot care; it is the third section of a scale designed to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding diabetic wounds and their care. On the five-point Likert-type scale (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = undecided, 4 = agree, 5 = strongly agree), the best attitude is scored as 5 points, and the worst attitude is scored as 1 point. The lowest possible total score on the scale is 10 and the highest is 50; a higher score indicates that the nurse has a more positive attitude toward diabetic foot care. The Cronbach's alpha value for the original scale was 0.728, while the Turkish adaptation study found it to be 0.89.

    Time frame: 3 months

  3. Diabetic Foot Wound Care Protocol Checklist

    This was developed by researchers in accordance with the literature. The steps will be finalized after being reviewed by experts. It is a checklist used to assess participants' skills in diabetic foot ulcer care. Each item is scored as either 0 or 1. Participants will receive 1 point for the relevant item when they perform the procedure step, and 0 points if they are unable to perform it. The literature indicates that a participant is considered successful if this score equals 70% of the total score and is classified as having successfully completed the training.

    Time frame: 3 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Satisfaction Status

    This was created to allow participants to rate their satisfaction with the training. Using a visual analog scale (0 = Not at all satisfied, 10 = Very satisfied), they will be able to evaluate the training by assigning a score between 0 and 10.

    Time frame: 3 months

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • McCluskey P, McCarthy G. Nurses' knowledge and competence in wound management. Wounds. 2012; 8, 37-47.
  • Ferreira, AM, Rigotti MA, da Silva Barcelos L, Simão CMF, Ferreira DN, & Gonçalves RQ. Knowledge and practice of nurses about care for patients with wounds. Journal of Research in Fundamental Care. 2014; 6:1178-1190.
  • Abate TW, Enyew A, Gebrie F, Bayuh H. Nurses' knowledge and attitude towards diabetes foot care in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2020 Nov 23;6(11):e05552. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05552. eCollection 2020 Nov. PubMed 33294694 ↗
  • Kumarasinghe SA, Hettiarachchi P, Wasalathanthri S. Nurses' knowledge on diabetic foot ulcer disease and their attitudes towards patients affected: A cross-sectional institution-based study. J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e203-e212. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13917. Epub 2017 Aug 3. PubMed 28618043 ↗
  • Thomas Hess C. Checklist for factors affecting wound healing. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2011 Apr;24(4):192. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000396300.04173.ec. No abstract available. PubMed 21422844 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Sep 2026; primary completion for Oct 2026, 1 month later.

Of 240 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Diabetic Foot, half reached primary completion within 21 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 37. This study's planned 1 month is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 343 studies reached it within 22 months; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 39.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 13, 2026
First posted
Aug 18, 2026
StartEst.
Sep 1, 2026
Primary completionEst.
Oct 1, 2026
CompletionEst.
Nov 30, 2026
Last update
Aug 18, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 18, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07771062
Lead sponsor
Sakarya University
Collaborators
Health Institutes of Turkey
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 18, 2026
Start date
Sep 1, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Oct 1, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Nov 30, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 18, 2026

Study contacts

Ramazan Bozkurt, MSc
Contact
ramazanbozkurt@sakarya.edu.tr
+902542956607
Nasibe Y. Filiz, PhD
Contact
nasibef@sakarya.edu.tr
+902542956619
Ramazan Bozkurt, MSc
principal investigator · Sakarya University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Aug 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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