ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT07770737Updated Aug 18, 2026

Cardioprotective Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Korean Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

An observational study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Cardiovascular Diseases and Stage B Heart Failure, sponsored by Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in South Korea. Open to participants aged 19 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-18.

Sponsored by Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital · Observational

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
100
Ages
19 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 571 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 with a site in Korea, Republic of — 70 open to participants now, 84 under way, 26 of them phase 3. Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 · Korea, Republic of.

Planned enrollment
69th of 78
100 · median 1,470
Started
2026
with 29 others
Observational
78 of 571
12 open now
Primary completion
2027-12
later than 61 of 83 live
Registered
566th of 571
by date

Among the 571 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 with a site in Korea, Republic of, this one is the 69th largest by planned enrollment of the 78 observational ones that give a count, is one of 30 that started in 2026, is one of 78 observational ones, reaches primary completion later than 61 of the 83 other live ones, and was the 566th registered.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

10,382 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,410 are open to participants now.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Open to participants now

70 of the 571 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 with a site in Korea, Republic of are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

65 more — sign in →

All 70 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Korea, Republic of have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Korea, Republic of →

Who these studies take

Of the 882 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies recruiting now, 374 (42%) set no upper age limit and 383 (43%) stop at 75 or younger; 52 take children under 18; 203 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 19 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 571 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 with a site in Korea, Republic of, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

This observational study will evaluate the cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists) in Korean adults with type 2 diabetes.

The study consists of two phases. Phase 1 will use de-identified electronic health record data from multiple Korean hospitals organized in a common data model. Cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure, will be compared among patients who started an SGLT2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Fractures, metabolic changes, and real-world medication use will also be evaluated.

Phase 2 will prospectively enroll approximately 100 adults with type 2 diabetes who are starting an SGLT2 inhibitor as part of routine clinical care at Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital. Participants will undergo electrocardiography, AI-based ECG analysis, echocardiography, blood and urine tests, and body composition assessment at baseline. Approximately 50 participants with stage B heart failure, defined as structural or functional heart abnormalities without heart failure symptoms, will undergo the same assessments after 6 months. The primary outcome of Phase 2 is the change in echocardiographic global longitudinal strain from baseline to 6 months. The study will also examine whether changes detected by AI-based ECG are associated with changes in echocardiographic measures of cardiac function.

The study does not assign medications or alter routine treatment. All treatment decisions are made by the participants' treating physicians.

Read the detailed description

This is an investigator-initiated, two-phase observational study integrating a multicenter retrospective cohort analysis with a single-center prospective validation cohort. The two phases involve different study populations and data sources and will be analyzed independently. Their findings will be interpreted together to provide complementary evidence regarding long-term clinical cardiovascular outcomes and short-term changes in cardiac function among Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.

In Phase 1, de-identified electronic health record data mapped to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model will be obtained from participating Korean hospitals through a distributed data network. A new-user, active-comparator cohort design will be used to compare patients initiating an SGLT2 inhibitor with those initiating a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Medication exposure, cardiovascular events, safety outcomes, metabolic measures, and treatment patterns will be identified using prespecified common data model definitions. Confounding will be addressed using propensity score methods, stratified analyses, and sensitivity analyses. Participating institutions will execute a common analytic protocol locally and provide only aggregated, non-identifiable results for multicenter analysis.

In Phase 2, adults with type 2 diabetes who are scheduled to start an SGLT2 inhibitor during routine clinical care at Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital will be consecutively screened. Baseline assessments will include standard 12-lead electrocardiography, portable 6-lead electrocardiography, AI-based ECG analysis, advanced echocardiography, laboratory testing, body composition assessment, and research blood sampling. Participants will be classified according to prespecified echocardiographic criteria for stage B heart failure. Approximately 50 participants who meet the protocol-defined criteria for the longitudinal cohort will undergo repeat assessments 6 months after baseline. Baseline data from other consented screening participants may be included in cross-sectional analyses.

Phase 2 will evaluate whether AI-based ECG measurements reflect echocardiographic cardiac dysfunction at baseline and whether changes in AI-based ECG measurements correspond to changes in cardiac function after SGLT2 inhibitor treatment. Analyses will focus on changes within participants, correlations and agreement between AI-ECG and echocardiographic measurements, and the feasibility of AI-ECG for monitoring subclinical cardiac dysfunction.

Medication selection, dose, continuation, and modification are determined solely by the treating physicians according to routine clinical practice. The protocol does not assign treatment, require medication changes, or use AI-ECG results to guide clinical care. No individual-level data will be combined across Phase 1 and Phase 2.

03

Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Stage B Heart Failure

Keywords

  • SGLT2 Inhibitor
  • GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
  • Cardiovascular Protection
  • Artificial Intelligence Electrocardiography
  • AI-ECG
  • Global Longitudinal Strain
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
  • Stage B Heart Failure
  • Pre-Heart Failure
  • OMOP Common Data Model
  • Real-World Data
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
19 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Phase 1 will include adults with type 2 diabetes identified from de-identified electronic health records mapped to the OMOP Common Data Model at participating Korean hospitals. New users of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or eligible comparator glucose-lowering medications will be included.

Phase 2 will consecutively screen adults aged 50 years or older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular or renal risk factors who are scheduled to initiate an SGLT2 inhibitor during routine clinical care at Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital. Approximately 100 participants will undergo baseline screening, and approximately 50 participants meeting the protocol-defined criteria for the stage B heart failure longitudinal cohort will complete 6-month follow-up assessments.

Eligibility criteria

Phase 1: Retrospective Cohorts

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 19 years or older.
  • Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • New initiation of a study medication, including an SGLT2 inhibitor, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, or another eligible glucose-lowering medication.
  • At least 180 days of observable data before the index date, defined as the date of the first eligible prescription.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus or secondary diabetes mellitus.
  • Use of a medication from the same drug class within 90 days before the index date.
  • Pregnancy recorded during the relevant study period.
  • A history of the outcome being evaluated during the baseline period, applied separately for each outcome analysis.

Phase 2: Prospective SGLT2 Inhibitor Validation Cohort

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 50 years or older receiving outpatient care at Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital.
  • Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • No current or previous signs or symptoms of heart failure and functional class I.
  • At least one of the following high-risk characteristics: diabetes duration of 5 years or longer, hypertension, of 25 kg/m² or higher, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or higher, estimated below 60 mL/min/1.73 m², or diabetic microvascular complications.
  • No previous treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor and scheduled to initiate an SGLT2 inhibitor based on the treating physician's clinical judgment.
  • Ability and willingness to provide written .

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current or previous diagnosis of heart failure, hospitalization for heart failure, clinically suspected signs or symptoms of heart failure, or screening below 50%.
  • Moderate or severe valvular heart disease, known hypertrophic, dilated, or infiltrative cardiomyopathy, complex congenital heart disease, or pericardial disease.
  • Acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, or stroke within 3 months before enrollment.
  • Presence of a pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or cardiac resynchronization therapy device.
  • Atrial fibrillation, sustained tachycardia, frequent premature contractions, or another arrhythmia that prevents reliable comparison of or global longitudinal strain measurements.
  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus, secondary diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis within the previous year, or another clinical condition making SGLT2 inhibitor treatment inappropriate.
  • Estimated glomerular filtration rate below 30 mL/min/1.73 m² or dialysis.
  • Echocardiographic image quality insufficient for reliable 3-view global longitudinal strain or stage B heart failure assessment.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
  • Unwillingness to undergo study assessments or inability to complete the 6-month follow-up.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(7)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

NYHA class (heart failure)

The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.

I
No limits: ordinary activity causes no undue tiredness or breathlessness.
II
Slight limits: comfortable at rest, ordinary activity causes symptoms.
III
Marked limits: comfortable at rest, less than ordinary activity causes symptoms.
IV
Symptoms even at rest; any activity makes them worse.

Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction)

The share of blood the heart’s main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) pushes out with each beat, measured by an echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) or a MUGA scan. About 50–70% is normal.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

ECG (electrocardiogram)

A recording of the heart’s electrical activity, taken with stickers on the chest, arms and legs. It takes a few minutes and does not hurt.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
100 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
6 Months
Patient registry
Yes
Biospecimen retention
Samples without dna

Groups and cohorts

  • Retrospective SGLT2 Inhibitor Cohort

    Patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated an SGLT2 inhibitor and were identified retrospectively from multicenter OMOP Common Data Model databases.

  • Retrospective GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Cohort

    Patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated a GLP-1 receptor agonist and were identified retrospectively from multicenter OMOP Common Data Model databases.

  • Prospective SGLT2 Inhibitor Validation Cohort

    Adults with type 2 diabetes who are newly starting an SGLT2 inhibitor and undergo baseline cardiovascular assessments. Approximately 50 participants meeting the protocol-defined criteria for stage B heart failure will undergo repeat AI-ECG, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, laboratory, and body composition assessments after 6 months.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Time to First Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Composite Event

    Time from the index date to the first occurrence of acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, identified using prespecified OMOP Common Data Model phenotype definitions. The outcome will be compared between treatment cohorts using hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

    Time frame: From the index date until the first occurrence of acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, loss to follow-up, death, or the end of available database records, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 12 years

  2. Time to First Hospitalization for Heart Failure

    Time from the index date to the first hospitalization accompanied by a diagnosis of heart failure, identified using prespecified OMOP Common Data Model phenotype definitions. The outcome will be compared between treatment cohorts using hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

    Time frame: From the index date until the first hospitalization for heart failure, loss to follow-up, death, or the end of available database records, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 12 years

  3. Change in Echocardiographic Global Longitudinal Strain

    Change in signed left ventricular global longitudinal strain from baseline to 6 months, calculated as GLS at 6 months minus GLS at baseline. A more negative change indicates improvement in left ventricular systolic function.

    Time frame: Baseline and 6 months after SGLT2 inhibitor initiation

07

Study locations

1 site
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Choi HM, Kim J, Park J, Park JB, Kim HK, Choi HJ, Yoon YE, Cho GY, Cho Y, Hwang IC. AI derived ECG global longitudinal strain compared to echocardiographic measurements. Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 2;14(1):26458. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78268-8. PubMed 39488646 ↗
  • Marwick TH, Halabi A, Soh CH, Curtin A, Sherrif AG, Azad A, Wright L. Effects of dapagliflozin on the progression of left ventricular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025 May 30;24(1):232. doi: 10.1186/s12933-025-02796-4. PubMed 40448135 ↗
  • Lim S, Bae JH, Oh H, Hwang IC, Yoon YE, Cho GY. Effect of ertugliflozin on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes and pre-heart failure: the Ertu-GLS randomized clinical trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024 Oct 22;23(1):373. doi: 10.1186/s12933-024-02463-0. PubMed 39438942 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Individual participant-level data will not be publicly shared because the study includes institutionally governed electronic health record data, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data, and clinical information that are subject to participant consent, institutional review board requirements, and data-use restrictions. Phase 1 analyses will be conducted within each participating institution, and only aggregated, non-identifiable results will be shared across institutions.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Sep 2026; primary completion for Dec 2027, 15 months later.

Of 432 non-industry observational studies under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, half reached primary completion within 35 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 17 and three quarters within 96. This study's planned 15 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 602 studies reached it within 32 months; a quarter within 17 and three quarters within 63.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 11, 2026
First posted
Aug 18, 2026
StartEst.
Sep 2026
Primary completionEst.
Dec 31, 2027
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2027
Last update
Aug 18, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 18, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07770737
Lead sponsor
Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital
Collaborators
Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corp.
Responsible party
Eun Gyoung Hong (Professor, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 18, 2026
Start date
Sep 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 18, 2026

Study contacts

Hun Jee Choe, MD, PhD
Contact
hunjeechoe@gmail.com
+821094935703
Eun-Gyoung Hong, MD, PhD
principal investigator · Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital
Hun Jee Choe
study director · Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Aug 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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