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RecruitingNCT07756307ESWTUpdated Aug 12, 2026

Ultrasound-Guided Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Calcific Tendinitis

An interventional study of Ultrasound guide localization and Palpation localization in Calcific Tendinitis of Shoulder, sponsored by Taipei Medical University WanFang Hospital. Recruiting at 1 site in Taiwan. Open to participants aged 20 Years to 70 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-12.

Sponsored by Taipei Medical University WanFang Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
20 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Calcific tendinitis of the shoulder is a debilitating musculoskeletal condition that significantly impacts the working-age population, typically those between 30 and 60 years of age. Accounting for approximately 7- 17% of shoulder pain complaints, it is characterized by the pathological deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals within the rotator cuff tendons, most notably the supraspinatus. The progression of the disease, particularly during the resorptive phase described in Uhthoff's cycle, is associated with a dramatic increase in intratendinous pressure and severe inflammatory pain, leading to substantial functional impairment and socioeconomic burden. While Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) is a well established non-invasive modality known to promote calcific resorption via cavitation effects and mechanotransduction-induced neovascularization, its clinical efficacy remains highly variable across current literature, with success rates ranging widely from 47% to 87%. This inconsistency is largely attributed to the limitations inherent in conventional "blind" or landmark-based targeting techniques. Given that calcific deposits are often small, deeply situated, or obscured by the acromion, palpation-guided targeting is frequently unreliable, resulting in suboptimal energy delivery to the pathology and potential collateral damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This one-year research project aims to evaluate the superior efficacy of "Real-time Ultrasound-Guided" ESWT compared to conventional methods. The investigators propose a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial (RCT) that will recruit 60 patients with confirmed calcific tendinitis. Participants will be stratified by Gärtner classification (Type I-III) to ensure balanced morphological distribution and then randomized into either an experimental group receiving Ultrasound-Guided Focused ESWT or a control group receiving Landmark-based/Sham ESWT. The study incorporates rigorous methodology, including a priori power analysis for sample size estimation, strict allocation concealment, and assessor blinding. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Primary outcomes include the Constant-Murley Score (CMS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while secondary outcomes involve quantitative ultrasound analysis using ImageJ software to measure the reduction in calcific deposit volume and assess tendon integrity. The investigators hypothesize that the integration of realtime ultrasound guidance will significantly enhance therapeutic precision, leading to higher rates of calcific resorption and functional recovery. The findings are expected to provide high-level evidence to standardize ESWT protocols, thereby advancing the implementation of precision medicine in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine.

02

Conditions studied

  • Calcific Tendinitis of Shoulder

Keywords

  • Calcific tendonitis
  • shoulder
  • ultrasound
  • ESWT
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
20 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Age between 20 and 70 years
  • Unilateral calcific tendinitis of the shoulder confirmed by clinical physical examination, including a positive Neer's impingement test
  • Symptom duration of more than 3 months
  • Imaging (radiography and/or high-resolution ultrasound) demonstrating a calcific deposit within a rotator cuff tendon with a maximal diameter greater than 5 mm
  • Baseline self-reported pain intensity greater than 4 on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS, 0-10)
  • Willing and able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Concomitant full-thickness rotator cuff tear
  • History of fracture or surgery involving the ipsilateral shoulder
  • Coagulopathy, or anticoagulant therapy that cannot be safely discontinued
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Malignancy, particularly involving or adjacent to the shoulder region
  • Local infection or skin lesion at the intended treatment site
  • Injection therapy to the ipsilateral shoulder within the preceding 6 weeks
  • Any other condition that, in the judgment of the investigator, makes the participant unsuitable for participation in the trial
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
60 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Ultrasound localization ESWT

    Ultrasound image guided the depth and location of calcification point, Perform ESWT for calcific tendonitis of shoulder

    Procedure: Ultrasound guide localization

  • Active comparator
    Palpation localization ESWT

    Palpation and depends the feedback of participants localization of ESWT points

    Procedure: Palpation localization

Interventions

  • ProcedureUltrasound guide localization

    Use ultrasound guided localization of calcific tendonitis of shoulder and then perform Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, ESWT 0.12 to 0.25 mJ/mm 6000 times

  • ProcedurePalpation localization

    Use palpation localization of calcific tendonitis of shoulder and then perform Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, ESWT 0.12 to 0.25 mJ/mm 6000 times

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Constant-Murley Score (CMS)

    The Constant-Murley Score is a clinician-administered instrument assessing shoulder function across four domains: pain (15 points), activities of daily living (20 points), range of motion (40 points), and strength (25 points), for a total score of 0-100. Higher scores indicate better shoulder function. The measure compares real-time high-resolution ultrasound-guided focused ESWT (experimental) with X-ray plus palpation-guided focused ESWT (control) for calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. Assessed at baseline, Week 4, and Week 12; change from baseline is reported.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 12 after the start of treatment (primary endpoint at Week 12)

  2. Change in Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

    Pain intensity is self-reported on a 0-10 Visual Analog Scale, where 0 = no pain and 10 = worst imaginable pain. Ratings are collected for pain at rest, pain with activity, night pain, and average pain over the past week. Higher scores indicate greater pain. Change from baseline is compared between the ultrasound-guided ESWT and landmark (X-ray + palpation)-guided ESWT groups. Assessed at baseline, Week 4, and Week 12.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 12 after the start of treatment (primary endpoint at Week 12)

  3. Change from Baseline in Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)

    Patient-reported questionnaire comprising a 5-item pain subscale and an 8-item disability subscale, each item scored 0-10. Subscale and total scores are expressed as percentages (0-100%), with higher scores indicating greater pain and disability.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12

Secondary outcomes

  1. Calcific Deposit Resorption Rate

    Calcific deposit dimensions (long axis, short axis, area, and estimated volume) are quantified from ultrasound images using ImageJ software. Percentage volume reduction from baseline is calculated. Resorption is additionally categorized as complete, partial (\>50%), partial (\<50%), unchanged, or increased.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12

  2. Change from Baseline in Shoulder Range of Motion (ROM)

    Active and passive range of motion measured in degrees with a goniometer for forward flexion, abduction, external rotation at 90° abduction, and internal rotation at 90° abduction.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12

  3. Tendon Structural Integrity on Ultrasound

    Supraspinatus (or affected) tendon integrity graded on high-resolution ultrasound as intact, partial-thickness tear, or full-thickness tear. Tendon thickness is recorded in millimeters.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 12

  4. Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)

    Single-item 7-point scale ranging from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse), capturing the participant's overall perceived change since starting treatment.

    Time frame: Week 4, Week 12

06

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University
    Taipei, Taipei 116, Taiwan
    Recruiting
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — De-identified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in the publication (including text, tables, figures, and appendices) will be shared. This includes baseline characteristics, intervention adherence, and primary and secondary outcome measures. Additionally, the study protocol, statistical analysis plan (SAP), and data dictionary will be made available.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07756307
Lead sponsor
Taipei Medical University WanFang Hospital
Responsible party
Huang ShihWei (Attending Physician, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University WanFang Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 10, 2026
Start date
Jun 30, 2026
Primary completion
Apr 30, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 31, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 12, 2026

Study contacts

Shih-Wei Huang, MD
Contact
shihwei@tmu.edu.tw
+886970747556

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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