An observational study in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, Liver Fibrosis and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease NAFLD, sponsored by Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon. Recruiting at 1 site in Spain. Open to participants aged 50 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-22.
Sponsored by Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon · Observational
LiverSeek is a fully automated, passive case-finding programme for advanced liver fibrosis associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in primary care. The programme operates through the Laboratory Information System (LIS; Modulab/Biwer Analytics) of the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory at Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), covering approximately 350,000 inhabitants across 11 peri-urban primary care centres affiliated to SERMAS (Servicio Madrileño de Salud) in Madrid, Spain.
When a high-risk patient (age 50-75 years with ≥1 of: ALT above ULN + HbA1c ≥6.5%; ALT above ULN + BMI >30; BMI >30 + HbA1c ≥6.5%) undergoes a routine blood test in primary care, the LIS automatically calculates FIB-4. If FIB-4 >1.30, the system reflexively orders ELF and MASEF from the same serum sample, without any action required from the primary care clinician. Patients with a positive second-step NIT (ELF ≥9.8 or MASEF ≥0.33) receive an automatic alert directing them to the Hepatology Advanced Practice Nurse for VCTE (FibroScan) and clinical evaluation.
The primary objective is to evaluate the prevalence of hepatic fibrosis in the high-risk population using this single-step automated strategy. Secondary objectives include head-to-head diagnostic comparison of FIB-4+ELF vs FIB-4+MASEF vs FIB-4+FAST for histologically-confirmed endpoints (significant fibrosis ≥F2, advanced fibrosis ≥F3, at-risk MASH), evaluation of the Liver Risk Score, and a health-economic analysis. A sub-study evaluates a nurse-led structured lifestyle intervention in NIT-positive patients.
LiverSeek addresses a well-recognised implementation gap: despite guideline recommendations to screen for liver fibrosis in high-risk metabolic patients, fewer than one-third of eligible patients are assessed in clinical practice. Encounter-triggered programmes (e.g., SOLID, PRELUDE1) require primary care clinicians to initiate the assessment process, creating a dependency on clinician awareness and workload capacity that limits scalability.
LiverSeek adopts a fundamentally different model: the screening process is initiated passively by the LIS infrastructure, triggered by existing routine blood test data, with zero additional burden on the primary care clinician. This passive architecture is the programme's principal conceptual innovation.
NIT pathway and pre-specified thresholds:
Step 1 (LIS-triggered): FIB-4 calculated automatically. Threshold: >1.30 (EASL 2024) Step 2 (reflex, same serum sample): ELF (threshold ≥9.8) and MASEF (threshold ≥0.33, Youden J-point) Step 2 alternative (VCTE-based): VCTE ≥8.0 kPa; FAST score ≥0.50 (Youden J-point) NIT-positive patients → Hepatology APN visit (VCTE, anthropometrics, clinical assessment, EQ-5D-5L, IEXPAC, MEDAS dietary questionnaire) NIT-positive patients with VCTE ≥8.0 kPa → Hepatology physician consultation ± liver biopsy per clinical criteria
Histological sub-study: Liver biopsy specimens are scored using the NAFLD Activity Score (Kleiner 2005). At-risk MASH is defined as NAS ≥4 + fibrosis stage ≥F2. A target of approximately 300 evaluable biopsies is projected.
Lifestyle intervention sub-study: NIT-positive patients receive a single structured APN-delivered visit with a personalised SMART lifestyle protocol, with 24-week reassessment. Outcomes include changes in LSM, CAP, ALT, AST, GGT, HbA1c, FIB-4, and body composition (BIA).
Data management: REDCap electronic case report form, pseudonymised, restricted access.
Statistical approach: Prevalence with 95% CI (primary endpoint); AUROC with DeLong test for head-to-head NIT comparisons; sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, LR+ and LR- for sequential algorithms; kappa for concordance. Health-economic analysis via CIBERehd.
Patients attending primary care in peri-urban Madrid (SERMAS network) with metabolic risk factors for liver fibrosis, identified passively through routine laboratory data
Presence of at least one of the following metabolic risk factor combinations:
Exclusion Criteria:
High-risk patients (age 50-75 years with ≥1 metabolic risk criterion) in whom FIB-4 was automatically calculated by the LIS and found to be ≤1.30. These patients do not undergo further NIT evaluation and are followed as the non-exposed reference cohort.
High-risk patients with FIB-4 \>1.30 in whom ELF and MASEF were reflexively determined from the same serum sample. Patients with ELF ≥9.8 or MASEF ≥0.33 are referred to the Hepatology Advanced Practice Nurse for VCTE (FibroScan) and clinical assessment.
Prevalence of hepatic fibrosis detected by the automated single-step case-finding strategy
Proportion of high-risk patients with a positive result on at least one confirmatory NIT (ELF ≥9.8, MASEF ≥0.33, or VCTE ≥8.0 kPa) among all patients in whom FIB-4 was automatically calculated by the LIS
Time frame: Within 3 months of index blood test
Diagnostic accuracy of FIB-4+ELF versus FIB-4+MASEF for histologically-confirmed significant fibrosis (≥F2)
Head-to-head AUROC comparison (DeLong method) of sequential NIT algorithms at pre-specified thresholds (ELF ≥9.8; MASEF ≥0.33) in biopsied patients. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV reported.
Time frame: At time of liver biopsy
Diagnostic accuracy of sequential NIT algorithms for at-risk MASH
AUROC comparison of FIB-4+ELF, FIB-4+MASEF, and FIB-4+FAST (threshold ≥0.50) for histological at-risk MASH (NAS ≥4 + fibrosis ≥F2, Kleiner criteria) in biopsied patients
Time frame: At time of liver biopsy
Cost-effectiveness of the automated single-step strategy versus standard of care
Health-economic analysis: diagnostic yield per euro spent, cost per case detected, and cost per QALY gained
Time frame: At study completion (September 2027)
Plan to share: No — Individual participant data will not be shared publicly. Aggregate results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations. Data are held pseudonymised in REDCap under GDPR (EU 2016/679) and Spanish data protection law (LO 03/2018).
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Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon