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CompletedNCT07588477Updated May 14, 2026

Functional Effects of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Wrestlers

An interventional study of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Shoulder Tendinopathy, sponsored by Hacettepe University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to male participants. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-14.

Sponsored by Hacettepe University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 1 month after the study started (first participant enrolled Mar 2024, registered Apr 2026).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
26
Allocation
Randomized
Sex
Male
01

Study summary

ABSTRACT AIM: The term tendinopathy describes multifaceted pathologies occurring in the tendon, characterized by pain, functional impairment, and decreased exercise tolerance. The aim of this study is to use Tendon Neuroplastic Training (TNT) in Wrestlers with shoulder tendinopathy between the ages of 14-25; To investigate its effects on balance, coordination, mental performance and shoulder functionality.

METHOD: After determining the sample size of the study with the G Power (Software 3.1.9.2) program, 26 athletes were randomly divided into two groups; the study group received a 4-week TNT training protocol, while the control group received 4 weeks of standard eccentric training. Both groups were given exercises for the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Biceps muscles. The athletes' balance with "Upper Quarter Y Balance", coordination with "Alternate Hand Wall Toss", and mental performance with Stroop Color-Word tests were evaluated. "Kerlan-Jobe" and "Western Ontario Rotator Cuff" scales were used to evaluate shoulder functionality and pain. All assessments were administered before and after exercise training. The data were analyzed statistically with the "IBM SPSS 25" package program.

Key Words: Athlete, Mental Test, Shoulder, Tendinopathy

02

Conditions studied

  • Shoulder Tendinopathy

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Keywords

  • Athlete
  • Mental Test
  • Tendinopathy
  • Shoulder
03

In context

Tendinopathy

413 studies on the registry are indexed under Tendinopathy; 64 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 26 is below the median of 50 across 339 interventional studies indexed under Tendinopathy.

Browse Tendinopathy studies →

Lead sponsor

Hacettepe University is the lead sponsor of 983 studies on the registry; 212 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
Male
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Being a licensed athlete for at least one year
  • Having a diagnosis of tendinopathy based on clinical and radiological examination
  • To positive least three of the following diagnostic tests: Neer Test, Hawkins-Kennedy Test, Jobe-Supraspinatus Test, Painful arc at 60-120 degrees of shoulder abduction
  • Pain level is below 2 out of 10 at rest and below 3 out of 10 during active movement according to the visual pain scale,
  • No limitation in joint range of motion (at least 85% of the healthy side).

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

    • Having any vision or hearing problems

      • Previous surgery at last 6 month
      • Having diagnose complete tendon rupture
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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
26 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Tendon Neuroplastic Training Group

    The Group that Perceived Tendon Neuroplastic Training

    Other: Tendon Neuroplastic Training

  • Other
    Control Group

    The Group that Perceived Standard Eccentric Training

    Other: Tendon Neuroplastic Training

Interventions

  • OtherTendon Neuroplastic Training

    Tendon Neuroplastic Training can be adapted to isometric and isotonic exercises with a digital metronome program. Tendon Neuroplastic Training has been reported to improve functionality and strength, reduce pain and cortical inhibition in athletes by generating 'adaptation' in central nervous system. Resistance training planned with visual or auditory stimuli (externally paced), can induce changes on motor control. the exercises paced to an external audio/visual cue on the participant's smartphone

    Also known as: External Paced Training

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Cognitive function

    Cognitive function was assessed with the Stroop Test TBAG (Temel Bilimler Araştırma Grubu) Form. The Stroop Test also referred to as the Color- Word Task, was used to assess executive abilities, selective attention, and the ability to inhibit a habitual response. In sports psychology research, the Stroop test and its derivations are commonly used to investigate the benefits of exercise on cognitive function. Stroop Test TBAG Form consists of five cards. For each section, the time taken by participants during the application was measured using a 0.01-second precision smartphone chronometer. The completion time of reading the card, the number of errors and the number of corrections (if any) for each section were recorded on an evaluation form for each participant. There are no minimum or maximum score values for this test. A lower score means a better result.

    Time frame: "Baseline" and "week 4"

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Study locations

1 site
  • Kayseri Youth and Sports Provincial Directorate
    Kayseri, Kayseri 38100, Turkey (Türkiye)
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References and documents

Publications

  • 1. Singh A, Sharan L, Shankhapal VR, Shenoy S. From shoulder to ankle: A cross-sectional study of tendinopathy prevalence across the athletic population. J Sport Rehabil Sci. 2026;3(1):1-10. 2. McCausland C, Sawyer E, Eovaldi BJ, Varacallo MA. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Shoulder Muscles. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; August 8, 2023. 3. Maunder DJ, Nelson BC, Murthi AM, Hoffman RA. The Burden of Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Wrestling: A Systematic Review of Incidence, Injury Types, and Competition-Level Comparisons. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach. 2025;0(0). 4. Goodman AD, Twomey-Kozak J, DeFroda SF, Owens BD. Epidemiology of shoulder and elbow injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association wrestlers, 2009-2010 through 2013-2014. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2018;46 (3):361-366. 5. Noh, Ji-Woong & Park, Byoung-Sun & Kim, Meeyoung & Lee, Lim-Kyu & Yang, Seung-Min & Lee, Won-Deok & Shin, Yong-Sub & Kim, Ju-Hyun & Lee, Jeong-Uk & Kwak, Taek-Yong & Lee, Tae-Hyun & Kim, Ju-Young & Park, Jaehong & Kim, Junghwan. (2015). Analysis of combat sports players' injuries according to playing style for sports physiotherapy research. Journal of physical therapy science. 27. 2425-30 6. Thomas RE, Zamanpour K. Injuries in wrestling: systematic review. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2018;46(2):168-196 7. Millar N, Silbernagel K, Thorborg K et al. Tendinopathy. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2021;7(1):1 8. Reinking M. Tendinopathy in athletes. Phys Ther Sport. 2012; 13: 3-10 9. Taik, F. Z., Karkouri, S., Tahiri, L., Aachari, I., Moulay Berkchi, J., Hmamouchi, I., Abouqal, R., Rkain, H., & Allali, F. (2022). Effects of kinesiotaping on disability and pain in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy: double-blind randomized clinical trial. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 23(1), 90 10. Aydeniz B, Ersoy S, Çinicioğlu M, Vural M. Evaluation of Kinesiophobia, Pain and Functional Status in Adhesive Capsulitis and Rotator Cu

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · May 10, 2026

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — We respect the privacy of participants' data.

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 14, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07588477
Lead sponsor
Hacettepe University
Responsible party
Recep Baloglu (Physiotherapist, Hacettepe University) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 14, 2026
Start date
Mar 15, 2024
Primary completion
Mar 8, 2025
Completion
Oct 22, 2025
Last update
May 14, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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