An interventional study of Action Observation + Motor Imagery and Nature Video in Multiple Sclerosis, sponsored by Hacettepe University. Recruiting at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-21.
Sponsored by Hacettepe University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
Among 23 studies in Multiple Sclerosis by Hacettepe University — 6 open to participants now, 6 under way, none of them phase 3. Multiple Sclerosis · Hacettepe University.
Among the 23 studies in Multiple Sclerosis by Hacettepe University, this one is the 13th largest by planned enrollment of the 15 interventional ones, is one of 5 that started in 2026, is one of 15 with no phase, and was the 15th registered.
3,264 studies on the registry are indexed under Multiple Sclerosis; 659 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 20 is below the median of 50 across 2,201 interventional studies indexed under Multiple Sclerosis.
Browse Multiple Sclerosis studies →6 of the 23 studies in Multiple Sclerosis by Hacettepe University are open now, in 1 country. Each count lists the studies.
Of the 430 Multiple Sclerosis studies recruiting now, 163 (38%) set no upper age limit and 211 (49%) stop at 75 or younger; 40 take children under 18; 96 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.
The full table on the hub →23 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 2015; this study’s year is marked. 5 started in 2026.
Median enrollment 34 across the 15 interventional studies, 56 across the 8 observational. Of the 13 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.
Hacettepe University is the lead sponsor of 1,007 studies on the registry; 214 are open to participants now.
4 of the studies in Multiple Sclerosis by Hacettepe University that are under way reach primary completion within a year, 0 of them phase 3. Phase 3 first, then by date:
| Study | Primary completion |
|---|---|
| NCT07137624Hacettepe UniversityMotor Imagery and Action Observation for Gait Function in MS | 2026-11 |
| NCT07151534Hacettepe UniversityBody Awareness, Trunk Stability, and Arm Function in MS | 2026-12-31 |
| NCT07786987Hacettepe UniversityCone Evasion Walk Test in Multiple Sclerosis | 2027-06-30 |
| NCT07899411Hacettepe UniversityEvaluation of the Effect of Mental Imagery Training Combined With Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis | 2027-10 |
Among the 23 studies in Multiple Sclerosis by Hacettepe University, from their registry updates:
This study will investigate whether mentally simulating walking movements while watching others walk can improve walking performance in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Participants will be divided into two groups: one group will watch walking videos and imagine themselves walking, while the other group will watch nature scenes. The study will measure muscle activity and walking patterns to assess the effects. The results may help support the use of mental practice techniques to improve mobility in people with MS.
This study aims to explore the impact of mental simulation of walking movements on walking performance in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group will watch walking-related videos and engage in mental imagery exercises, imagining themselves walking, while the control group will watch nature scenes without any walking-related content.
Objectives:
To determine whether mental imagery can enhance walking ability and gait parameters in individuals with MS.
To measure the effect of mental simulation on muscle activity and walking patterns, including stride length, walking speed, and balance.
Study Procedure:
The study will consist of multiple sessions, where participants will first undergo baseline assessments of walking ability. Following this, they will engage in either the walking video and imagery task (experimental group) or the nature video viewing task (control group) for a predetermined period of time. Measurements of muscle activity using electromyography (EMG) and walking patterns will be recorded before and after the intervention.
Potential Impact:
The results from this study may provide insights into the use of mental practice techniques as a non-invasive intervention to improve mobility in individuals with MS, a population often affected by walking difficulties. Mental imagery could serve as an adjunct therapy to traditional physical rehabilitation methods.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.
MMSE and MoCA
Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Arm 1: Experimental Group: Action Observation + Motor Imagery
Behavioral: Action Observation + Motor Imagery
Arm 2: Control Group: Nature video
Behavioral: Nature Video
Participants will watch videos showing walking actions and will be instructed to mentally simulate the movement.
Participants will watch a video of nature scenes.
Change in Tibialis Anterior and Gastrocnemius Medialis Muscle Activity Amplitude
Change in muscle activity amplitude (microvolts, µV) of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis during gait initiation measured by surface EMG.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Tibialis Anterior and Gastrocnemius Medialis Muscle Activity Onset Latency
Change in onset latency (milliseconds, ms) of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis muscle activation during gait initiation measured by surface EMG.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention.
Change in Step Length
Change in step length (centimeters, cm) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Step Time
Change in step time (seconds, s) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Step Width
Change in step width (centimeters, cm) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Double Support Period
Change in double support period (percentage of gait cycle, %) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Gait Velocity
Change in gait velocity (centimeters per second, cm/s) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Change in Cadence
Change in cadence (steps per minute, steps/min) during gait initiation measured by the GAITRite system.
Time frame: Before and immediately after the intervention
Motor Imagery Vividness
Kinesthetic and visual imagery vividness will be assessed using the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 (KVIQ-20), which includes 10 visual and 10 kinesthetic items (20 total). Each item is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = no image/sensation, 5 = vivid image/sensation). Higher scores indicate better imagery ability.
Time frame: Baseline only
Mental Chronometry Ratio
The ratio between imagined and actual Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance time (both measured in seconds, s) will be calculated. During imagined trials, participants will press a button to mark the start and end of the imagined movement sequence. A ratio closer to 1 indicates better temporal congruence between imagined (iTUG) and executed TUG performance.
Time frame: Baseline only
Limb Laterality Recognition Performance
Right-left discrimination ability will be evaluated using the Recognise Foot App™ developed by the NOI Group™. Both accuracy (percentage of correct responses, %) and response time (milliseconds, ms) will be recorded.
Time frame: Baseline only
Cognitive Status
General cognitive functioning will be screened using the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE). The test is scored on a 30-point scale (0-30). Scores ≥24 indicate normal cognitive functioning.
Time frame: Baseline only
Fatigue Level
Fatigue severity specific to MS will be measured with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The FSS consists of 9 items rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree; 7 = strongly agree). The final score is calculated as the mean of all items (range: 1-7), with higher scores indicating greater fatigue severity.
Time frame: Baseline only
Anxiety and Depression
Emotional state will be assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The scale consists of 14 items divided into two subscales: anxiety (7 items) and depression (7 items). Each item is scored from 0 to 3, yielding subscale scores ranging from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate greater levels of anxiety or depression.
Time frame: Baseline only
Disability Level
Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scoring will be performed using the standardized Neurostatus-EDSS format. This scale evaluates functional systems such as motor ability, balance, vision, and sensory function to quantify disability level in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Scores range from 0 to 10 in 0.5-point increments, where 0 indicates normal neurological status and 10 represents death due to MS. Higher scores reflect greater disability.
Time frame: Baseline only
Visual Acuity
Participants' visual acuity will be assessed using the Snellen chart under standard conditions. The test will be conducted with or without corrective lenses depending on the participant's usual visual aid usage. Visual acuity will be recorded as a Snellen fraction (e.g., 20/20, 20/40), where larger denominators indicate poorer visual performance.
Time frame: Baseline only
Perceived Task Load
The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) will be used to measure mental and physical workload related to the task. The scale consists of six subscales: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, effort, and frustration. Each subscale is rated on a 0-100 visual analog scale, and an overall workload score is obtained by averaging the six subscales. Higher scores indicate greater perceived workload.
Time frame: Immediately after the intervention
Plan to share: No
Started Jan 2026 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Nov 2026, 10 months after the start.
Of 847 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Multiple Sclerosis, half reached primary completion within 22 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 43. This study's planned 10 months is below that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 869 studies reached it within 21 months; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 43.
Since we started tracking on Sep 25, 2026, the dates moved once, on Oct 21, 2026: primary completion Sep 2026 → Nov 2026 and completion Sep 2026 → Nov 2026.
Earlier changes are on the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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